[Incidence of bronchopulmonary carcinoma in Extremadura in 1998]. / Incidencia de carcinoma broncopulmonar en Extremadura durante el año 1998.

OBJECTIVES: Our main objective was to determine the incidence of bronchopulmonary cancer in Extremadura (Spain). We also studied the presence of risk factors such as smoking and exposure to other carcinogens. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study used a protocol followed by all hospitals in Extremadura; enrolled were patients with a diagnosis of bronchopulmonary carcinoma in 1998 who lived habitually in the region. Cyto-histological confirmation of the diagnosis was sought or, when such confirmation was unavailable, diagnostic agreement among researchers was based on clinical, radiological and/or endoscopic data. RESULTS: The incidences adjusted to world population were 53.4, 2.16 and 25.3 per 100,000 inhabitants for men, women and the entire population sample, respectively. Patterns in the provinces of Cáceres and Badajoz were very similar. Of 433 cases recorded, 95% were men and 78% were aged 60 years or older. Cyto-histological confirmation of diagnosis was available for 92.2%. Most tumors were epidermoid (41.1%). The time between the start of smoking and diagnosis was significantly shorter in heavier smokers.

Incidencia del carcinoma broncopulmonar en Extremadura durante el año 1998 / Incidence of bronchopulmonary carcinoma in Extremadura (Spain) in 1998

Objetivos: El objetivo primario ha sido conocer la incidencia de carcinoma broncopulmonar en la Comunidad de Extremadura. También se ha estudiado la presencia de factores de riesgo como el tabaquismo y otros carcinógenos. Material y métodos: Se ha realizado un estudio prospectivo mediante un protocolo común con participación de todos los hospitales de Extremadura. Se incluyeron los pacientes diagnosticados de carcinoma broncopulmonar durante 1998 que residían de modo habitual en la región. Se exigió la confirmación citohistológica o, cuando no se pudo disponer de la misma, la concordancia en el diagnóstico de carcinoma broncopulmonar entre diferentes participantes en el estudio, basada en datos clínicos, radiológicos y/o endoscópicos. Resultados: Las tasas de incidencia estandarizadas según población mundial fueron: 53,4, 2,16 y 25,3/100.000 habitantes para varones, mujeres y el total de la población, respectivamente. La distribución entre las provincias de Cáceres y Badajoz fue muy similar. De 433 casos registrados, el 95 por ciento fueron varones y el 78 por ciento tenían una edad >= 60 años. Se obtuvo confirmación citohistológica de carcinoma broncopulmonar en el 92,2 por ciento de los pacientes. Predominó la estirpe epidermoide (41,1 por ciento). El intervalo de tiempo entre el inicio del hábito tabáquico y el diagnóstico del carcinoma broncopulmonar fue significativamente menor en los fumadores de consumo más intenso. (AU)

[Pulmonary artery aneurysm. A case report]. / Aneurisma de la arteria pulmonar. Presentación de un caso.

The pulmonary artery aneurysm is a rare clinical entity that presents a low incidence and prevalence, of difficult diagnosis to be presented with poorly specific symptoms or also without symptoms, being detected in radiological studies as a widening or mediastinal mass. It can be uni or bilateral and presenting itself isolated or in the context of other sicknesses. The diagnosis of certainty is based in the realization of Echo-Doppler and other studies as a tomography or a magnetic resonance, the therapeutic option being so difficult, and according to cases, by an expectant or aggressive attitude.

[Increased levels of erythropoietin in the initial phase of acute myocardial infarction]. / Elevación de la eritropoyetina en la fase inicial del infarto agudo de miocardio.

BACKGROUND: It's know that cardiopulmonary function affects the kidney perfusion and that erythropoietin (EPO) release depends on it. We want to determine the plasma level of EPO in the acute phase of myocardial infarction (AMI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A transversal trial was carried out in 37 male patients with AMI aged between 31 and 84. We studied the following variables: cardiovascular risk factors, time lapse from beginning of symptoms until hospital arrival, transcutaneous oxygen saturation (ST02) and EPO plasma levels. 16 healthy males were used as control group. RESULTS: Patients with AMI have different EPO levels than control group (25/37 vs 0/16) (18.90 +/- 8.43 mUI/ml vs 9.70 +/- 3.48 mUI/ml respectively p < 0.001). Hyperintense patients have higher EPO levels than normotense ones (18.53 +/- 8.28 mUI/ml vs 12.88 +/- 7.29 mUI/ml p < 0.05). Hypercholesterolemic patients have higher EPO level than normocholesterolemic ones (19 +/- 8.88 mUI/ml vs 12.40 +/- 6.75 mUI/ml p < 0.01). There were no difference between smokers and no smokers. We didn't find correlation between time lapse and EPO levels. CONCLUSION: The trial remarks EPO levels increase during the initial phase of AMI and it is higher in hypertensive and hypercholesterolemic patients.