[A resuscitation aid in the first aid and medical care for the victims of severe trauma received in emergency situations]. / Reanimatologicheskoe posobie pri dovrachebnoi i vrachebnoi pomoshchi postradavshim s tiazhelymi travmami, poluchennymi v chrezvychainykh situatsiiakh.

On the basis of their own experience in combat casualty staging, emergency situations and various publications the authors theoretically substantiate the necessity to reinforce the structures of pre-medical and medical care with reanimation teams which must be equipped with adequate assets capable to meet with emergency situations. The article contains information about training, equipment and organic structure of these teams. Taking into account the pathophysiological mechanism of severe injuries the authors give characteristics of the volume of medical care provided by these teams at various periods of casualty staging. The article stresses the necessity to combine the conduction anesthesia with central analgesia. The authors substantiate the necessity of the quest for a new analgetic as a drug of choice at the pre-hospital period, and describe its desired characteristic features: effective analgesia without breathing depression or circulatory iatrogenic disorders; long-term analgetic effect which gives the possibility to perform evacuation to the secondary care medical unit; possibilities for national fabrication of this drug in large quantities, impossibility of addiction to this drug.

[The current views on anesthesiological support for surgical interventions under extreme conditions]. / Sovremennye vzgliady na anesteziologicheskoe obespechenie khirurgichekikh vmeshatel'stv v ékstremal'nykh usloviiakh.

Local wars and major catastrophes of the last years have originated a new approach to a problem of anesthetic management at the various phases of evacuation. In cases of mass casualty admission it must be taken an option between field block anesthesia and general intravenous anesthesia with spontaneous breathing or artificial lung ventilation. In many respects the outcome of surgical intervention will depend on action coordination between surgeon and anesthesiologist.

Saturation effect for H(2)O absorption lines at ruby laser wavelengths.

The dependence of the spectral coefficient of atmospheric water vapor absorption on ruby-laser radiation intensity has been studied experimentally. Measurements were made using an optoacoustic laser spectrometer with a sensitivity of 10(-9) cm(-1) J(-1). The contours of the H(2)O absorption lines at 694.215 nm, 694.238 nm, and 694.38 nm were measured at two different values of radiation intensity within 5-100 MW/cm(2). The values of the saturation parameter were calculated using the observed decrease of absorption in the line maximum; they were 210 +/- 23 MW/cm(2), 140 +/- 15 MW/cm(2), and 180 +/- 20 MW/cm(2) for the 694.215-nm, 694.238-nm, and 694.38-nm, lines, respectively. The values of the absorption parameter are in satisfactory agreement with the calculated results. The dependence of the saturation parameter on pressures between 250-750 Torr was investigated for the isolated 694.38-nm absorption line.