Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Due to Chryseobacterium indologenes.

Ventilator-associated pneumonia represents one of the most common nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units, increasing morbidity and mortality and associated costs. The authors report the case of a neonatal patient with ventilator-associated pneumonia secondary to Chryseobacterium indologenes and a review of the literature. The most effective empiric treatment for C. indologenes infection remains unclear due to limited data in the literature, and therefore, therapy should be adjusted in accordance with the result of the susceptibility profile.

Maternal syphilis and accomplishing sexual partner treatment: still a huge gap.

Congenital syphilis (CS) is a preventable epidemic disease for which control is hindered by socioeconomic and health system issues. Inadequately treated maternal syphilis (MaS) commonly has serious adverse obstetric outcomes. This study - which is a cross-sectional study in a Brazilian large urban public Mother and Child hospital, making use of secondary data - evaluated the occurrence of treatment of sexual partners (SP) among women with MaS. The results showed that 771 MaS cases were identified from 2007 to 2014. No information on SP treatment was available in 570 (73.9%) cases. Of the 201 cases presenting information, 25 (12.4%) SP were treated. Out of 164 women having six or more prenatal visits, 25 (15.2%) SP received treatment. Data analyzed biennially have shown a growing trend of cases without collected information, ranging from 27.2% in 2007-2008 to 87.5% in 2013-2014. No linear trend in proportions of treated SP (maximum 7.4% SP treated) was found. Thus, in this study, it has been concluded that the proportion of SP adequately treated was consistently low, and the quality of information deteriorated during the studied period. Prenatal care per se, as provided, was not effective in delivering adequate treatment of SP. Creative integrated services with SP active participation are greatly needed if CS is to be controlled.

Characteristics of bacterial acute diarrhea among women.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of women presenting with acute gastroenteritis due to infection with Salmonella spp. or Shigella spp. METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using data for patients with specimens positive for Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp. attending two major women's hospitals in Porto Alegre, Brazil, between January 2003 and July 2014. Women were included if they had symptoms compatible with bacterial acute diarrhea. Isolates were evaluated to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and patient clinical profile. RESULTS: Among 45 eligible patients, Salmonella spp. was identified in 32 (71%) and Shigella spp. in 13 (29%). The highest antimicrobial sensitivity rates were observed for ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone (n=44, 98% for both) whereas the greatest resistance rate was seen for ampicillin (n=20, 44%). Seven (16%) of the women were pregnant. CONCLUSION: Ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim are suitable choices for the treatment of bacterial acute diarrhea. However, the maternal and fetal safety profile of prescribed medications should be considered when treating pregnant patients.