[The reaction of the body to the treatment regimen using therapeutic peloids from the melkovodnensky deposit under experimental conditions].

The results of the present experimental study indicate that the application of therapeutic peloids from the Melkovodnensky deposit increases the intensity of metabolic processes. The increase is manifest as the enhancement of lipid metabolism, stimulation of the protein biosynthesis, and activation of hepatic enzymes. It was shown that the response of the animals to a course of peloid therapy remained within the normal physiological limits. It is concluded that certain specific pelotherapeutic techniques with the use of Melkovodnensky peloids may have good prospects for the application in the future provided their physical and chemical properties are taken into consideration.

[Medical applications of ozone for the rehabilitation of the patients presenting with chronic bronchitis and arterial hypertension].

Of paramount importance at the stage of rehabilitative treatment of the patients presenting with combined cardiorespiratory pathology are therapeutic measures aimed at eliminating the principal components of pathogenesis of a given disease and correcting the concomitant immunometabolic disturbances. Our investigations have demonstrated that ozone therapy given to the patients with chronic bronchitis and hypertension produces lipid-lowering, hypoglycemic and fibrinolytic effects. Its combination with anti-hypoxic treatment helps to normalize the functioning capabilities of all organs and systems of the body. Immunomodulatory effects of ozone therapy is attributable to the disintoxicative and anti-hypoxic actions of medical ozone as well as activation of the "lipid peroxidation--antioxidant protection" system.

[Identification of genes that promote awnedness in the Triticum aestivum/Aegilops umbellulata introgressive line].

Genetic analysis of Triticum aestivum/Aegilops umbellulata introgressive line for the character ear awnedness has been realized. According to the studying the lines and hybrids for the characters awnedness and electrophoresis spectra of microsatellite components the digenic model for control of awnedness is suggested. The model supposes participation of gene--inhibitor of awnedness B1 (5AL) and gene--promoter of awnedness Awn1 in chromosome 6U of Aegilops umbellulata. Chromosome 5A of the awned line is rearranged relative to the same chromosome of the Aurora genotype. The distance between the Xwmc705-5AL SSR-locus and rearranged fragment or locus B1/b1 is determined as 15,5 cM.

[Combined application of magnetolaserotherapy and polyunsaturated fatty acids for the treatment of patients with hypertensive disease].

The authors report the results of combined treatment including application of magnetolaserotherapy and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for the management of patients presenting with hypertensive disease. These data give evidence of the accumulation of atherogenic fractions of plasma lipids and pathological modification of the fatty acid composition in erythrocyte membranes. They suggest the appropriateness of lipid-correcting and membrane-protective treatment for patients presenting with hypertensive disease. It is concluded that the proposed combination of magnetolaserotherapy and polyunsaturated fatty acids may be instrumental in the normalization of the serum lipid profile and the correction of the cellular fatty acid composition.

[The composition of blood fatty acids and the level of oxylipins in patients with metabolic syndrome].

Gas liquid chromatography was used to analyze the composition of plasma free fatty acids (FA) and erythrocyte lipid FAs in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) in various glucose-insulin homeostasis. The serum lipids of oxylipins were studied in patients with MS, by applying enzyme immunoassay. The patients with MS in the absence of glucose-insulin homeostatic disorders and those with significant insulin resistance (IR) were found to have accumulation of polyenic FA (18:2 omega6), 18:p omega3, 22:4 omega6) and a decreased pool of saturated FA (12:0, 14:0, 16:0, 17:0) in the plasma with simultaneous polyunsaturated FA (18:3 omega3, 20:4 omega6) with a preponderance of fatty FA (14:0, 18:0) in the red blood cells. The high serum concentrations of leukotriene B, and 6-keto-prostaglandine-F1a, were detectable in the examinees with MS. Increased thromboxane A2 synthesis was observed when the patients with MS developed IR. The findings suggest that there are impairments in the composition of plasma free FA and erythrocyte lipid FA and in the synthesis of oxylipins in patients with MS.

[The role of modification of fatty acid composition of erythrocyte lipids in pathogenesis of arterial hypertension].

We used liquid chromatography for analysis of fatty acids (FA) in lipids of erythrocytes of patients with hypertensive disease (HD) with normo- (group 1) and hyperlipidemia (group 2). Abnormalities of FA composition of erythrocyte lipids were revealed in both groups. In group 1 we found deficit of polyenic acids of omega-6 family, accumulation of Mead acid - prostanoid precursor with pronounced vasoconstrictor and pro inflammatory properties. In group 2 we noted more profound rearrangement of lipid matrix of erythrocyte membrane manifested as deficiency of omega-3 polyenic acids, accumulation of palmitinic and arachidonic acids. Preponderance of saturated FA in erythrocytes and deficiency of polyenic acids might evidence for pathology of their ligand-receptor transport into the cell. Blockade of active FA transport initiates formation of HD, promotes accumulation of atherogenic fractions of lipoproteins in blood. These results evidence for important pathogenetic role of FA in development of hypertension.

[The role of free and esterified fatty acids in pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome].

Patients with insulin resistance and those with metabolic syndrome (MS) in the absence of alteration of glucose-insulin homeostasis were found to have abnormal composition of plasma free fatty acids (FA) and lipid FA in erythrocytes. Patients with metabolic syndrome and different glucose-insulin homeostasis accumulated polyenic FA and lost saturated FA in plasma; saturated FA in their erythrocytes increased while polyunsaturated FA decreased. These findings suggest disturbed receptor-mediated active transport of FA and the predominance of passive absorption of free FA by cells as a cause of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism.

[Role of tumor necrosis factor in the development of metabolic syndrome].

AIM: to study a relationship of the proinflammatory cytokine - alpha-tumor necrosis factor (alpha-TNF) to the values of carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms, lipid peroxidation, and hemorheology in patients with components of the metabolic syndrome (MS). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighty-seven patients (35 males and 52 females) aged 21 to 69 years were examined. Groups were formed depending on the number of components of MS and its existing complications. Physical examination was conducted; the values of lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms, lipid peroxidation, and hemorheology were estimated. The serum alpha-TNF levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay. The neural network technique was used to analyze the factor correlations of different types of MS. RESULTS: The estimation of a diversity of homeostatic parameters could ascertain the significance of the level of alpha-TNF in different types of MS. Its high level is associated with the elevated concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) in the presence of 1-2 risk factors for MS. In the individuals with 3 components of MS or more, as well as in the presence of its complications, the levels of alpha-TNF were closely related to those of LDL-C and apoA1, insulin resistance, and the changes in lipid peroxidation and hemostasis. CONCLUSION: The early stage of MS is marked by the higher alpha-TNF level, its correlation with the changes in lipid metabolism and insulin concentrations. Alpha-TNF may be considered not only as an early marker of a systemic inflammatory reaction in the development of cardiovascular events, as well as a risk factor for MS.

[The composition of nonesterified fatty acids in patients with metabolic syndrome].

The blood composition of non-etherized fatty acids (NEFA) was studied in 22 patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and 11 healthy individuals. The qualitative NEFA composition presented by 31 components of individual fatty acids was analyzed, by taking into account of glucose-insulin homeostatic changes in MS patients: those without insulin resistance (IR) (Group 1) and those with diagnosed IR (Group 2). MS patients with normal insulinemia were ascertained to have lower levels of lauric, myristic, palmitic, C24:0, C16:0i acids. With a decrease in the relative quantity of saturated NEFA, the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) increased. The proportions of linoleic (C18:2 omega 6) and linolenic (C18:3 omega 3) acids doubled (p < 0.01), arachidonic acid (C20:4 omega 6) was observed to tend to rise. The cumulative FA index sigma omega 6 increased twofold. In Group 1, the integrated index of changes in the FA series (unsaturation index) was 41% higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05). In Group 2, the vector of changes in the relative quantity of NEFA was similar, but impairments were less marked than that in Group 1. The findings suggest that the development of insulin resistance is preceded by impaired blood cell transfer and absorption of NEFA.

[Diastolic dysfunction--predictor of cardiac remodeling in arterial hypertension in young males].

For the study of the state of central hemodynamics and diastolic function of the left and right ventricle in formation of arterial hypertension (AH) with method of computer polyrheocardiography 76 males of mean age of 35.1 +/- 3.2 years were examined. The first group included 26 cases with high normal BP (systolic BP (SBP) 130-139 mm Hg, diastolic (DBP) 85-89 mm Hg--prehypertension, the second group was consisted of 30 cases with essential AH 1 stage (SBP 140-159 mm Hg, DBP 90-99 mm Hg), who did not receive antihypertensive therapy. The control group was consisted of 20 practically health young males. As a result of performed study at early stages of AH there were revealed lop-sided changes both of central hemodynamics and a diastolic function of both ventricles, which progressively increase along with elevation of AH stage. Diastolic dysfunction of left and right ventricle appears at the prehypertension stage and stage 1 arterial hypertension and precedes heart remodeling.

[The peculiarities of epilepsy in the menopause].

Twenty seven cases with the combination of epilepsy and menopause are presented. The menopause proved to be a critical period for epilepsy manifestation: in 44.4% women with epilepsy the disease onset was observed at the peri- and post-menopause period. The course of epilepsy during this period was less severe: the frequency of seizures increased in 7.4% and decreased in 33.3%, no changes in the frequency of seizures were observed in 59.3%. The severity of menopause syndrome was not correlated with duration and severity of epilepsy, 81.4% of patients had the mild severity of this syndrome. The reduction of bone density was found in most of women (85.2%). It implies that all patients with epilepsy and menopause should receive a prophylactic treatment to prevent osteopenia. About 18.6% of patients required the hormone replacement therapy but only 7.4% received it due to adverse effects.

[Genetic composition of the short-stem rye populations (Secale cereale L.) for secaline genes].

Genetic composition for secaline genes was studied in four short stem rye populations (Bolgarskaya korotkostebelnaya, Gnom 1, Gnom 2, and Gnom 3) using the methods of classical hybridological analysis and population genetics. Eight, three, and four alleles of the genes Sec-3, Sec-2, Sec-1 correspondingly have been revealed in the studied populations. The frequencies of the specific alleles in each population were determined. The allele transmission to the next generation is restricted through the linkage of the secaline genes with the genes of self-incompatibility, S1 and Z, located on the same chromosomes as the secaline genes.

[Combined rehabilitation of patients with chronic pyelonephritis].

A total of 47 patients with chronic pyelonephritis in remission were divided into two groups. Group 1 received balneotherapy with attenuated in both groups. In group 1 total cholesterol in blood lowered to normal values, LDLP cholesterol fell by 35.2%, VLDLP cholesterol rose by 17.7%. In group 2, urine Na decreased by 23.8% (p < 0.01), blood Na - by 52.9% (p < 0.01), HDLP cholesterol rose by cholesterol, VLDLP cholesterol, LDLP cholesterol normalized. Thus, it is recommended to include enterosorbents on the basis of alginic acid into therapy of pyelonephritis.

[Disturbances of lipid exchange and peroxidation system in patients with chronic pyelonephritis].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the lipid parameters of blood in patients with total or partial clinico-laboratory remission of chronic pyelonephritis (CP), and the role of these parameters in their metabolic status. The subjects were 93 CP patients (mean age 47.4 +/- 0.8 years). The metabolic status of each patient was evaluated according to the activity of the inflammatory reaction, glomerular filtration, and reabsorption, as well as indices of lipid exchange, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and antioxidative protection (AOP). Factor analysis revealed that lipid exchange and LPO-AOP system disturbances played a significant role in the metabolic status of CP patients with total or partial clinico-laboratory remission. There were three variants of these disturbances: an increased serum level of cholesterol (CS) of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLP), and LPO-AOP disbalance; light hypercholesterinemia, an increased level of VLDLP CS, low-density lipoproteins (LDLP) CS, and a decreased level of LPO-AOP parameters; an increased level of total CS, VLDLP CS, LDLP CS, apoprotein B, and a prominent depression of AOP.

[Intermittent normobaric hypoxia in rehabilitation of young seamen with respiratory diseases].

The article presents the results of multimodality rehabilitation of 120 young seamen suffering from respiratory diseases. It is shown that intermittent normobaric hypoxia as a component of rehabilitation treatment prevents maladaptation, corrects compromised immunity. The data of 6-month follow-up reports reduction in morbidity and temporary disability.

[Impact of dietotherapy with enterosorbent of marine origin on the indices of mineral and lipid metabolism for patients suffering from kidney diseases].

It is described the effectiveness of application of dietotherapy including enterosorbent of marine origin at the stage of rehabilitation of patients having kidneys pathology. Application of this enterosorbent favors the positive clinic-biochemical dynamics with correction of electrolyte and lipid imbalance.

[Efficacy of sodium gumate electrophoresis in rheumatoid arthritis].

Clinical efficacy of local electrophoresis of sodium gumate (SG) as monophysiotherapy and in combination with phonophoresis of the preparation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and hydrocortisone phonophoresis in combined therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. SG electrophoresis brought about a positive trend in acute-phase and immunological indices of the process activity.

[The use of natural hitamine-based natural substance at chronic cholecystitis].

The results of application of hitamine, enterosorbent of marine origin, by the patients with chronic noncalculous cholecystitis in the remission phase are cited. It has been established that dietotheraphy in complex with hitamine renders the antiinflammatory and lipidcorrected action, favours the increase of remission terms.