Influence of occupational vibration on development of resistance to insuline and of II type diabetes mellitus.

The authors revealed influence of occupational vibration on development of resistance to insulin and of II type diabetes mellitus in miners. With that, increased serum insulin level was diagnosed in the workers. Occurrence of patients with. increased insulin level reaches 70% in vibration disease. The most intensively changed indexes are CARO and HOMA-IR, that identify early latent changes in resistance to insulin. Vibration appeared to influence significantly on II type diabetes mellitus development. Prevalence of II type diabetes mellitus among vibration disease patients is 5 times higher than that in general population of Russian Federation.

[Criterial value of oxidative stress parameters in exposure to vibration].

The article covers results of study concerning metabolic processes in workers exposed to vibration. Findings are lipid peroxidation processes activation, depressed anti-oxidant system, changes in intracellular exchange processes, dependence of the studied parameters change on length of service with vibration exposure.

[Responsiveness of peripheral blood neutrophils under exposure to industrial aerosols].

There was made an evaluation of the functional state of peripheral blood neutrophils in 230 workers with dustbreathing risks (mine, metallurgical and machine-building works). There was noted the change in the responsiveness of neutrophils in dependence on both composition and the intensity of the exposure of industrial aerosols to the human body. There was followed the relation between the pathology of the respiratory system with the biochemical changes of granulocytes. These data can be used for the assessment of the nonspecific body resistance in the development of dust lung diseases.

[The informative laboratory biomarkers for detection of negative impact of vibration on organism of workers].

The analysis was carried out concerning new characteristics of diagnostic informativeness of particular biochemical, immunologic, cytochemical and hematologic indicators under impact of vibration on human organism. It is established that high diagnostic informativeness is typical for indicators of oxidation metabolism (alpha-superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase in neutrophils, alpha-tokopherol), humoral immunity (IgA, IgG), hematologic indicators (corpuscular volume, peroxide hemolysis of erythrocytes, thrombocytes aggregation velocity) and level of creatinine in urine reflecting damages of muscular tissue. The levels of biomarkers mentioned above begin to alter in healthy workers and in individuals under suspicion of vibration disease. These indicators are characterized by high diagnostic sensitivity and pathognomonicity and can be recommended for early diagnostic of vibration disease.

[Effect of vibration, noise, physical exertion and unfavorable microclimate on carbohydrate metabolism in workers engaged into mining industry and machine building].

The authors studied influence of vibration, noise, physical overexertion and microclimate on carbohydrates metabolism and insulin resistance in metal mining industry workers. Findings are that vibration disease appeared to have maximal effect on insulin resistance test results and insulin level. The authors suggested biomarkers for early diagnosis of insulin resistance disorders in metal mining industry workers.

[Influence of vibration on changes in S100B protein content of peripheral blood in miners].

The authors studied influence of vibration on serum neurotropic protein S100B level in miners. Vibration appeared to cause significant effect on increase of this protein level. With that, there is a moderate correlation between the protein level and intensity of the vibration effect.

[Influence of perlite sand on the skin in experiment].

In the present work influence of perlite sand has been studied on a skin of Sprague-Dawley male rat (300-350 g). The biopsy of intact rat skin has been used as control. Contact of the perlite sand with animals' skin causes the reaction of an inflammation amplifying with increase of duration of the influence of substance. Therefore, despite an inert chemical compound, long contact with perlite sand in conditions of production can promote development of skin diseases. From the result of this investigation it is concluded that perlite sand causes irritating action on the skin and it is necessary to apply additional protective means to workers contacting to this substance.

[The choice of laboratory biomarkers for early detection of vibration unfavorable impact on human organism].

The vibration impact on various biochemical, citochemical, immunologic and hematological indicator was studied. It is established that the indicators of oxidative metabolism (the activity of blood superoxide dismutase, neutrophil myeloperoxidase and malonic dialdehyde concentration), the level of immunoglobulin A, M and G, the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase in neutrophils, the content of creatinine in urine are changed on the pre-clinical stage. The increase of concentration of hemoglobin begins under vibration disease 1 and the character of alteration in erythrocytes volume depends on the evidence of vibration impact. The diagnostic characteristics of various laboratory tests are established The biomarkers are selected to evaluate the health status of workers contacting with vibration. The set of laboratory biomarkers is proposed to apply during the examination of workers contacting with vibration. The implementation of this set permits to detect the early pre-clinical alterations in workers' organism, to assess the evidence of alterations in patients with vibration disease and to establish disorders in patients with late effects of vibration pathology.

[The levels of enzymes of blood neutrophilic leukocytes during the impact on the organism of vibration, vibration in aggregate with nickelous dust and nickel hydroaerosol].

The predominant impact of vibration and vibration in aggregate with nickelous dust and nickel hydroaerosol on the organism of workers administer significant influence on the levels of blood neutrophilic leukocytes and such neutrophil enzymes as acid and alkaline phosphatase and myeloperoxidase. In addition to that the activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases increases and the activity of myelopemroxidase reliably decreases. The intensive alteration of enzymes' activity develops already on the preclinical stage and even worsens in patients with vibratory disease. At the contact with the higher levels of nickel hydroaerosol the alteration of activity of these enzymes develops in early period at the experience less than 10 years.

[Influence of vibration on biochemical values characterizing oxidative metabolism, immunity, metabolism in muscular and connective tissues (review of literature)].

The authors reviewed literature on molecular aspects of vibration effects in workers. Findings are that apparently healthy workers demonstrate changes in oxidative metabolism, rheological properties of blood, increased RBC membrane permeability, higher urinary level of substances characterizing muscular and connective tissues dystrophy.

[Biochemical markers of vibration effects in workers, and their criterial evaluation].

The authors studied influence of vibration on some serum biochemical values. Oxidative stress and muscular tissue parameters appeared to be the earliest indicators to change. Preclinical stage of vibration disease is characterized by lower activity of superoxide dismutase, increased urinary levels of creatinine and CCr coefficient. Slight increase in serum catalase activity is seen. These parameters increase in vibration disease patients. Urinary creatinine level remains high in some individuals with residual manifestations of vibration disease, after the exposure. Serum levels of copper, ceruloplasmin, potassium, sodium, cholinesterase activity are changed insignificantly under influence of vibration. The authors calculated occurrence of individuals who demonstrate abnormal changes of the stated parameters.

[Contemporary laboratory markers of early stages of vibratory pathology development].

Having analyzed literature data and results of their own research, the authors describe early alterations on the cellular and molecular levels of the organism in exposure to local and general vibration. Those include changes in oxidative metabolism, immune shifts, lesions of cell membranes, deterioration of blood rheology, lesions of muscular and connecting tissues, disturbances of mineral exchange. The paper suggests a complex of laboratory tests for early detection of prepathological conditions of the organism in exposure to vibration. It includes measurement of certain parameters, such as the serum levels of vitamin E, malonic dialdehyde, immunoglobulins IgA, IgM, IgG, circulating immune complexes as well as assessment of antioxidative activity, peroxide erythrocyte hemolysis, spontaneous and ADF-induced thrombocyte aggregation, measurement of erythrocyte diameter and volume, creatinine and oxiproline urine concentration, myoglobine blood level and copper serum level. The above parameters are of sufficiently high diagnostic sensitivity and reflect the main aspects of vibratory pathology pathogenesis.

[The epidemiology, risk factors and present-day aspects of allergic disease prevention in an industrial center].

The article is dedicated to the topical problem of allergic diseases in various population groups of a large industrial region of Moscow suburb, and presents a brief review of present-day epidemiological data on allergic pathology prevalence as well as authors' own data on the morbidity of bronchial asthma, allergic dermatoses, and allergic rhinitis. The paper also contains the results of an analysis of allergic pathology dynamics within 5 to 10 years, and a retrospective analysis of allergic pathology structure in adolescents. The researchers undertook a multifactor analysis of population habitat in the town Mitishchy, based upon ecological and hygienic data concerning atmospheric air and water composition. The study points to the role played by industrial environment in the appearance of allergic skin diseases. Complex measures on allergic disease prevention are considered, and an effective pathogenically grounded method of ozonotherapy is suggested as one of prospective non-drug means of treatment.

[Early clinical and laboratory signs of exposure to nickel in electroplating shop workers]. / Ranniaia kliniko-laboratornaia diagnostika vozdeistviia nikelia na zdorov'e rabochikh gal'vanicheskikh tsekhov.

The authors studied diagnostic value of biochemical, immunologic parameters in workers exposed to lower levels of nickel. Suggestion is a complex of characteristics having the highest sensitivity and appropriate in screening for early changes in health state of workers exposed to nickel.

[The development of the methods for the determination of nickel and its urine levels by inversion voltamperometry]. / Razrabotka metodiki opredeleniia nikelia metodom inversionnoi vol'tamperometrii i estestvennoe soderzhanie ego v moche cheloveka]

The authors created a method detecting nickel through inversion voltamperometry by Russian analyzer CVA = 1BM. The method is diagnostic in hygienic, clinical and toxicologic studies for measuring quantity of nickel that enters human body during occupational activities.