[Hyperkinetic symptoms in children and adolescents with psychosomatic disorders].

Authors studied 151 patients with psychosomatic diseases with attention deficit of different severity and hyperkinetic disorders. Based on the results obtained in the study, it was suggested an affective- disontogenetic conception of hyperkinetic disorders in children and adolescents. A significant role of both biological and psychosocial factors as well as gender and age differences in the development and formation of activity and attention disorders is emphasized. The frequency of these factors was correlated with clinical specifics of hyperkinetic disorders. The correlation between specifics of hyperkinetic disorders and affective disorders (subdepression) was confirmed by the high effectiveness of differential psychopharmacotherapy with antidepressants.

[Dynamics of neurotic depression in children and adolescents]. / Dinamika nevroticheskoi depressii u detei i podrostkov.

Seven hundred thirty nine children and adolescents with neurotic depression (293 male, 446 female, aged 1-17 years) have been examined. Depression was mildly expressed in 90.9% of the cases and moderately--in 9.1%. In clinical picture anxious, asthenic, astheno-anxious and anxious-melancholic depression types were present. In neurotic depression in children and adolescents, the initial (the first) and subsequent (the second) stages have been detected. In a case of favorable development of the disease it stops at the initial stage. In a case of poor prognosis (192 patients) the dynamics of disease was distinguished by 3 features: increase of somatization and development of psychosomatic disorders (119 patients), endogenization (45) and formation of pathologic personality changes (28). During treatment clinical variants of disease and its dynamics peculiarities in the every stage are suggested to be taken into account.

[Algesic manifestations of depression in children and adolescents]. / Algicheskie proiavleniia pri depressii u detei i podrostrkov.

Under conditions of a general somatic hospital were examined 148 children and adolescents at the age of 3-16 years with different algesic manifestations (cephalgias, myalgias, cardialgias). In all the patients there were depressive disorders of neurotic level of different degree of severity. In dependence on the primary affective disorder, ive propose a typology of the depressions that distinguish asthenic, anxious, melancholic and combined (asthenic-anxious, anxious-melancholic) variations. Differential therapy of 89 patients was performed taking into a consideration both the role of depression in pathogenesis of algesias and typologic variations of depressive disorders. Symptomatic treatment was administered to 59 patients. In group with pathogenetic (antidepressive) therapy either recovery or considerable improvement was achieved in 70.8% of the cases; meanwhile considerable improvement was found only in 6.8% of the patients from a group with symptomatic treatment.

[Psychosomatic motor disorders in the structure of depression in children and adolescents]. / Psikhosomaticheskie dvigatel'nye narusheniia v strukture depressii u detei i podrostkov.

106 patients (40 boys and 66 girls) at the age from 3 to 15 years with depression of neurotic level with motor disorders (hyperkinetic, hypokinetic, pseudoepileptic) were examined. The motor disorders were estimated as pseudoneurological ones. The treatment of such patients must be performed with estimation of the typological variations of depression (asthenic type was observed in 31 cases, anxious type--in 37, melancholic type--in 6, combined type--in 32), of the degree of depressions manifestation, of their etiology as well as the pathological "basis" and personal peculiarities of the patients. 81 patients were treated by antidepressants (AD) in combination with tranquilizers and nootropes. AD weren't applied in 25 cases. Of all the patients in which AD were used complete correction of pseudoneurological and depressive disorders was observed in 46 cases (56.8%), considerable improvement--in 26 patients, the improvement--in 9 cases. Meanwhile improvement was observed only in 15 cases and slight improvement in 10 persons in patients who had not received any AD (group differences were significant).

[The treatment of neurotic depression by using extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation]. / Lechenie nevroticheskoi depressii s pomoshch'iu kraine vysokikh chastot élektromagnitnogo izlucheniia.

Extremely high frequencies of electromagnetic waves (EHF-therapy) were used for the treatment of 53 women with asthenic, anxious and combined forms of depressions together with other methods (psychopharmacological treatment and psychotherapy). The control group which consisted of 27 analogous patients was treated without EHF-therapy. In the former group the recovery was observed in 50.9% of cases, considerable improvement in 41.5% and the improvement in 7.6% of cases. Meanwhile in the control group the treatment resulted in the recovery in 3.7%, in the considerable improvement in 48.1%, in the improvement in 40.7%, of cases. No clinical changes occurred in the rest control patients. The highest therapeutical effect was observed in patients with asthenic neurotic depression (recovery in 66.7%).

[Various methods of overcoming resistance to therapy in childhood and adolescent schizophrenia]. / O nekotorykh metodakh preodoleniia terapevticheskoi rezistentnosti pri shizofrenii u detei i podrostkov.

Under examination there were 64 schizophrenic children and adolescents resistant to psychopharmacotherapy. For overcoming the resistance a method of sudden cancellation of the psychotropic drugs (as well as some of its modifications, such as, combinations with sulfozine and diuretics) was used. The control group consisted of 32 patients in whom the psychopharmacotherapy was not interrupted. As a result of using the sudden cancellation method and its modifications a marked therapeutic effect (remissions of the types "B" and "C") was obtained in 36 patients out of the 64. This effect was the most pronounced in 18 patients (out of 22) with depressive-delusional states. The effectiveness of the method used was confirmed by comparison with the control patients. At the same time the "cancellation syndrome" that developed after the therapy interruption was less pronounced and lasting than in adult patients.