RESUMO
Primary gut involvement by Aspergillus is a rare and often fatal complication of intensive antileukemic therapy. We describe the case of an adult patient affected by acute leukemia who developed a small bowel fungal thromboembolism without radiographic evidence of lung involvement during the post-induction aplastic phase. The diagnosis was made histologically at laparotomy performed for small bowel perforation. The patient died a week later in spite of amphotericin-B treatment and neutrophil recovery. Anti-Aspergillus prophylaxis and early introduction of amphotericin-B in the treatment of febrile neutropenia is probably advisable in all cases of AML.
Assuntos
Aspergilose/complicações , Aspergillus , Infarto/etiologia , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Leucemia Mieloide/complicações , Doença Aguda , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Infarto/microbiologia , Perfuração Intestinal/microbiologia , Intestino Delgado/microbiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Bactérias Anaeróbias/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Teicoplanina/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias Anaeróbias/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
The in vitro antibacterial activity of teicoplanin, a new glycopeptide antibiotic, previously named teichomycin A2, has been compared to that of five other chemoantibiotics: netilmicin, clindamycin, rifampicin, enoxacin and vancomycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against 588 gram-positive strains, 561 facultative aerobes and 27 anaerobes, recently isolated from clinical specimens, were evaluated. Teicoplanin showed the highest activity against all the tested strains, with a geometrical mean of the MICs (GMM), a MIC50 and MIC90 of 0.123, 0.12 and 0.5 micrograms/ml respectively.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Anaeróbias/efeitos dos fármacos , Glicopeptídeos/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , TeicoplaninaRESUMO
The Titertek Enterobac Rapid Automated System (TTE-RAS; Flow Laboratories, SpA, Milan, Italy), a new semiautomated system for the identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, was compared with the API 20E system (API System P.A., Montalieu Vercieu, France) by using 284 clinically isolated strains that were previously identified by conventional methods. Six strains from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, Md.) were included to evaluate the reproducibility of identification by both systems. Correct identifications at the species level were 93.7% with TTE-RAS and 96.1% with API 20E. Although some of the features of the TTE-RAS data base were not satisfactory, we consider this new miniaturized system to be a very valuable tool for the rapid identification of the most frequently isolated opportunistic bacteria.
Assuntos
Enterobacteriaceae/classificação , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Humanos , Kit de Reagentes para DiagnósticoRESUMO
The in vitro activity of aztreonam, leader of a new class of antibiotics, the monobactams, has been investigated. The effectiveness of the new molecule on 1990 strains of Gram-negative clinical isolates has been compared to that of some other drugs widely utilized for the treatment of nosocomial infections. Aztreonam has shown the highest activity against all the tested strains, with a geometrical mean of MICs (MG) of 0.37 and a MIC 90 of 8 micrograms/ml.
Assuntos
Aztreonam/farmacologia , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Aztreonam/análogos & derivados , Cefotaxima/farmacologia , Ceftazidima/farmacologia , Infecção Hospitalar/tratamento farmacológico , Gentamicinas/farmacologia , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Piperacilina/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The in vitro activity of the quinolone derivative flumequine against 1918 bacterial strains, isolated from urinary tract infections, has been compared to the antibacterial activity of other compounds, such as pipemidic acid, oxolinic acid and cefazolin. The results are reported in terms of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and geometrical mean (MG) of MICs. Flumequine appeared to be the most effective molecule over all the clinical isolates, showing a MG of MICs of 1.12 and a MIC 90 of 32 micrograms/ml.
Assuntos
Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Fluoroquinolonas , Quinolizinas/farmacologia , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Cefazolina/farmacologia , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Ácido Oxolínico/farmacologia , Ácido Pipemídico/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The in vitro activity of cefotetan, a new cephamycin antibiotic, was tested against 296 bacterial strains, recently clinically isolated, by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations. Comparisons were made with other drugs (cefoxitin, cefotaxime, piperacillin, rifampicin, clindamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol) widely utilized for the treatment of nosocomial infections. Cefotetan showed the highest activity against all the tested strains, with a geometrical mean of MICs (MG) of 0.32 and a MIC 50 and MIC 90 of 0.12 and 8 micrograms/ml, respectively.
Assuntos
Cefamicinas/farmacologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Cefotaxima/farmacologia , Cefotetan , Cefoxitina/farmacologia , Cloranfenicol/farmacologia , Clindamicina/farmacologia , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Piperacilina/farmacologia , Rifampina/farmacologia , Tetraciclinas/farmacologiaRESUMO
426 strains recent clinically isolates have been investigated with respect to their sensitivity against several chemioantibiotics. Data obtained with the Bauer and Kirby standard agar diffusion method have been compared with those carried out by using a new computerized system (Cobas-Bact, Roche), which is able to perform antibiograms in five hours. The performance of Cobas-Bact has been very significative, since the overall major concordance between the two methods was higher than 94%.