[Prevalence of type 2 diabetes and factors associated in depression]. / Prévalence du diabète de type 2 et facteurs associés au cours de la dépression.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in patients with depression and to describe its associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over a period of three months (from May to August 2012) in a hospital in Tlemcen, Algeria. The sample study had included 73 consecutive depressed patients who had attended the unit for assessment, education or treatment of depression or its complications. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. Blood sampling was performed in all patients to measure glycemic levels. Data analysis was performed using the spss version 10 software. P-value was considered significant when ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Means age was 53 ± 15 years. Sex-ratio female/male was 1.35. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 69.9% with 95% CI [57.9; 79.8]. Heredity and collective lifestyle were significantly associated with diabetes (P<0.0001). We have not found an association of diabetes with the factors studied: gender, presence of remaining associated diseases, smoking, and treatment regime. CONCLUSION: In the absence of national epidemiological data, the results of our study provide the frequency of type 2 diabetes during depression. This requires planning strategies for diagnosis and appropriate care for this population.

Genome reshuffling of the copia element in an inbred line of Drosophila melanogaster.

Mobile genetic elements are found in the genomes of many organisms, and because of their effects on genes and their ability to induce chromosomal rearrangements they are an important source of genetic variability. Transposition rates are usually found to be low, estimated at around 10(-3) per generation. Higher rates of transposition are observed, however, in crosses between certain strains of Drosophila melanogaster ('hybrid dysgenesis'), which can lead to a dramatic rearrangement of many mobile elements ('transposition bursts'). We have studied the chromosomal distribution of mdg-1 and copia mobile elements in 17 highly inbred lines of D. melanogaster, after 69 generations of sib-mating. Most lines show no changes, but one showed a complete reshuffling of the copia element. We conclude that the transpositions of the copia element in this line occurred rapidly in a few generations. This phenomenon, distinct from 'transposition bursts' in that only copia elements are involved, may account for the instability sometimes observed in inbred lines and may be important in creating genetic variability in highly homozygous populations.