Prevalencia del virus de hepatitis C y factores de riesgo asociado en el personal de salud del Hospital IVSS Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño / Prevalence of the hepatitis C. like viruse and risk factors associate to health personnel of the IVSS Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño hospital

Objetivo evaluar la prevalencia del Anti-VHC en el personal de salud del Hospital IVSS Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño, asimismo determinar los factores de riesgo asociados. Se observó una prevalencia del 2.11 por ciento para Anti-VHC en la muestra estudiada; siendo el sexo femenino el predominante. El grupo de edad más frecuente fue entre 40 a 46 años de edad con un 44.44 por ciento (n=8). Los factores de riesgo que tuvieron mayor frecuencia fueron: Intervenciones odontológicas, antecedentes quirúrgicos, pinchazos accidentales, enfermedad hepática familiar y transfusiones sanguíneas. Siendo las transfusiones sanguíneas y los trabajos odontológicos estadísticamente significativos

[Critical evaluation of a decade experience with early gastric cancer]. / Evaluación crítica sobre una década de experiencia en cáncer gástrico precoz.

The evaluation of early gastric cancer in the Central Hospital of IVSS "Miguel Pérez Carreño" of the urban area shows a detectability rate of 5.03% from gastric carcinoma total cases. Depressed macroscopic type and differentiate microscopic type are the most frequent. Predominant location is antrum. Early Gastric Cancer with elevated component, differentiate papillar type, submucosal invasion and with positive lymph node must be operated with very carefully and systematic lymph node dissection, depending on the location and the size of the primary tumor, and also post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy is likely to be necessary as well, to achieve diminishing the recurrence and mortality rates. Its our duty look for a better team work and methodology in the detection of early gastric cancer to obtain more superficial and smaller lesions. So there fore another therapeutical alternatives such as Endoscopical Mucosal Resection and Laparoscopic Wedge Resection could take a place in the future.

[Colon and rectum ameboma. Clinico-pathological experience with 3 patients]. / Ameboma de colón y recto. Experiencia clínico-patológica en tres pacientes.

Amebas are an uncommon complication of amebic colitis. The specific medical treatment rely on the suspicion and a secure diagnosis that permits to the patient, a better clinical course.

[Neuroendocrine cell tumor of the stomach (carcinoid). Clinico-pathological experience with 4 patients and demonstration of its ultrastructure]. / Tumor de células neuroendocrinas del estómago (carcinoide). Experiencia clínico patológica en cuatro pacientes y demostración de su ultraestructura.

Neuroendocrine cell tumours of the stomach (carcinoid) are uncommon, low potential for malignancy, lesions grow slowly and produce hormonal substances in contrast with others malignant neoplasias of the gastrointestinal tract. Early diagnosis is important because the curative treatment could not be done in advanced stage with disseminated metastases. In small lesions less than 2 cm without invasion to lymph node, the local wedge resection is reasonable and definitive curative treatment. Neuroendocrine differentiation, in doubtful cases, becomes established by a characteristic silver affinity, by the ultrastructurally observed presence of "endocrine" secretion granules, and by immunohistochemically detectable biogenic amines, neurohormonal peptides and "panNE markers".

[Infundibulotomy of the Vater's ampulla at impacted stone in the papilla]. / Infundibulotomía de la ampolla de Vater en cálculo impactado en la papila.

Infundibullotomy or the method of endoscopic choledochoduodenostomy is an alternative to surgical bilio-digestive anastomosis for common bile duct obstructions due to impacted stone in the ampulla de Vater when occasionally standard endoscopic sphincterotomy was unsuccessful. In addition the endoscopic choledochoduodenostomy is a method described as final palliative treatment in elderly patients and/or those as high operative risk with malignant obstructions in the distal part of the common bile duct.

[Chromoscopy in the diagnosis of gastric cancer]. / Cromoscopia en el diagnóstico del cáncer gástrico.

Diverse methods have been introduced in order to increase diagnostic accuracy of early gastric cancer. This article describes endoscopy with the use of dyes or chromoscopy, analizes its mechanisms and indications. There are four different methods of chromoscopy, the contrast method using indigo carmine and evans blue solutions, the staining method with methylene blue and toluidine blue, the reaction method with lugol and congo red and the mixed method. Chromoscopy can be of great help in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer, not only by improving the identification of the lesions but also as it permits more precise biopsies.

[Acute pancreatitis and diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography]. / Pancreatitis aguda y pancreatocolangiografía endoscópica retrógrada diagnóstica y terapéutica.

Urgent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in acute pancreatitis allows to detect associated biliary disease, display the bilio-pancreatic anatomy to plan optional early surgery and offer an alternative in the treatment with endoscopic sphincterotomy and/or infundibulotomy, in cases of choledocholithiasis and impacted stone at the ampulla of Vater. In relation to the prevalence of biliary lesions in the etiology of acute pancreatitis, the urgent ERCP is a safe and useful procedure that offer diagnosis and treatment, so therefore, it must be considered during the evaluation of patients with acute pancreatitis.