Mediterranean countries facing the Mediterranean Diet, are we still on track? The example of southern Spain midlife women.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The overall intake of a cohort of middle aged women of Granada was studied along with their body composition, anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics to evaluate if this population does really follow a Mediterranean Diet. METHODS: 206 women aged 53.3 ± 5.5 years old, were evaluated for their body composition, anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, Mediterranean diet score and bone mineral density. Results were additionally analyzed across weight status categories. RESULTS: 86% of the sample was overweight or obese and 14% was normal-weight (no woman was underweight). Mean body fat percentage of the sample was 40.3%. Values of bone mineral density showed a t-score average of -1.26 standard deviations. Energy intake decreased as weight status increased (p<0.05), as well as protein intake (p<0.05) but no differences were observed for carbohydrates or fat. Deviations from the Daily Recommended Intakes were observed as well as a moderate adherence (23% of the sample) to the Mediterranean Diet with no significant differences among weight status categories. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated a progressive distancing from the Mediterranean dietary pattern and an unbalanced diet no correlated to the weight status group, so whether these dietary habits along with the unbalanced diet reported are prolonged over time the overweight and obese population will increase as well as the risk of developing chronic diseases, and will finally concur with the high prevalence of cardiovascular and osteoporosis risk over this population.

Introducción y objetivos: se estudió la ingesta dietética de una cohorte de mujeres de mediana edad de Granada, junto a sus características antropométricas y sociodemográficas, para evaluar si esta población sigue una dieta mediterránea. Métodos: se evaluó la composición corporal, características antropométricas y sociodemográficas, patrones dietéticos y adhesión a la dieta mediterránea de 206 mujeres con una edad media de 53.3 ± 5.5 años. Adicionalmente, estos resultados fueron analizados por categorías de peso corporal. Resultados: el 86% de la muestra presentó sobrepeso u obesidad, mientras el 14% presentó normopeso. La masa grasa corporal media fue de el 40.3%. Los valores de densidad mineral ósea presentaron un t-score medio de -1.26 desviaciones estándar. Se observó que la ingesta dietética, así como el consumo de proteína, disminuyeron a medida que aumentó el peso corporal (p.

Mediterranean countries facing the Mediterranean diet, are we still on track? The example of Southern Spain midlife women / Los países mediterráneos ante la dieta mediterránea, ¿seguimos en el buen camino? El ejemplo de las mujeres de mediana edad del sur de España

Introduction and objectives: the overall intake of a cohort of middle aged women of Granada was studied along with their body composition, anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics to evaluate if this population does really follow a Mediterranean Diet. Methods: 206 women aged 53.3 ± 5.5 years old, were evaluated for their body composition, anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, Mediterranean diet score and bone mineral density. Results were additionally analyzed across weight status categories. Results: 86% of the sample was overweight or obese and 14% was normal-weight (no woman was underweight). Mean body fat percentage of the sample was 40.3%. Values of bone mineral density showed a t-score average of -1.26 standard deviations. Energy intake decreased as weight status increased (p< 0.05) but no differences were observed for carbohydrates or fat. Deviations from the Daily Recommended Intakes were observed as well as a moderate adherence (23% of the sample) to the Mediterranean Diet with no significant differences among weight status categories. Conclusions: results indicated a progressive distancing from the Mediterranean dietary pattern and an unbalanced diet no correlated to the weight status group, so whether these dietary habits along with the unbalanced diet reported are prolonged over time the overweight and obese population will increase as well as the risk of developing chronic diseases, and will finally concur with the high prevalence of cardiovascular and osteoporosis risk over this population (AU)

Introducción y objetivos: se estudió la ingesta dietética de una cohorte de mujeres de mediana edad de Granada, junto a sus características antropométricas y sociodemográficas, para evaluar si esta población sigue una dieta mediterránea. Métodos: se evaluó la composición corporal, características antropométricas y sociodemográficas, patrones dietéticos y adhesión a la dieta mediterránea de 206 mujeres con una edad media de 53.3 ± 5.5 años. Adicionalmente, estos resultados fueron analizados por categorías de peso corporal. Resultados: el 86% de la muestra presentó sobrepeso u obesidad, mientras el 14% presentó normopeso. La masa grasa corporal media fue del 40.3%. Los valores de densidad mineral ósea presentaron un t-score medio de -1.26 desviaciones estándar. Se observó que la ingesta dietética, así como el consumo de proteína, disminuyeron a medida que aumentó el peso corporal (p< 0.05 en ambos casos); sin embargo, no se observaron estas diferencias en la ingesta de hidratos de carbono ni de grasas. Existieron desviaciones respecto a las ingestas dietéticas de referencia y una moderada adhesión a la dieta mediterránea, sin observarse diferencias significativas entre las distintas categorías de peso corporal. Conclusiones: los resultados sugieren un distanciamiento progresivo del patrón de dieta mediterránea y una dieta desequilibrada y no correlacionada con el peso corporal, de manera que si estos hábitos dietéticos se mantienen en el tiempo la población con sobrepeso y obesidad se incrementará y, de la misma manera, el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónicas asociadas, coincidiendo finalmente con la elevada prevalencia de riesgo cardiovascular y de osteoporosis observada actualmente en esta población (AU)

Involución de la condición física por el envejecimiento / No disponible

El porcentaje de población mayor se está incrementando en España. El envejecimiento produce una involución de las capacidades físicas, lo que origina un deterioro del estado físico y una reducción de la funcionalidad. Estos hechos condicionan graves problemas de salud pública por la aparición de enfermedades degenerativas con el consiguiente coste económico para su tratamiento. Conforme avanza la edad se produce una pérdida de fuerza de piernas y fuerza de brazos, un descenso no constante del VO2máx y una reducción progresiva no lineal y específica por articulación y movimiento articular de la flexibilidad. Además, en personas mayores los frecuentes trastornos de equilibrio alteran el patrón de la marcha. Y por último se producen modificaciones sustanciales de la composición corporal con disminución de la masa libre de grasa, lo que condiciona un descenso del gasto energético en reposo y el incremento de la masa grasa(AU)

The elderly population is increasing in Spain. The aging process is associated with gradual declines in physical fitness and functional ability. These facts can lead to serious public health problems with the appearance of degenerative diseases and the resulting economic cost for their treatment. There is a lost of strength, a not constant decrease ofVO2max and a progressive but not linear decreasing of specific joint mobility with advancing age. In addition, balance disorders are common in elderly people and these alter basic parameters of locomotion. Significant changes occur in body composition with aging: fat free mass decreases and it determines low energy expenditure in basal metabolism and an increasing of fat mass(AU)

Spatial-temporal parameters of gait in women with fibromyalgia.

The aim of the present study was to determine if there are differences in such parameters among patients affected by fibromyalgia (FM) and healthy subjects and whether the degree of affectation by FM can decrease the gait parameters. We studied 55 women with FM and 44 controls. Gait analysis was performed using an instrumented walkway for measurement of the kinematic parameters of gait (GAITRite system), and patients completed a Spanish version of Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Significant differences (p < 0.001) between FM and control groups were found in velocity, stride length, cadence, single support ratio, double support ratio, stance phase ratio, and swing phase ratio. There were significant inverse correlations between FIQ and velocity, stride length, swing phase, and single support, whereas significant direct correlations were found with stance phase and double support. Gait parameters of women affected by FM were severely impaired when compared to those of healthy women. Different factors such as lack of physical activity, bradikinesia, overweight, fatigue, and pain together with a lower isometric force in the legs can be responsible for the alterations in gait and poorer life quality of women with FM.