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1.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 60(2): 105-118, mar.-abr. 2018. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-174071

RESUMO

El dolor inguinal o de cadera es un motivo de consulta muy frecuente. Debido a las múltiples causas que pueden generarlo, y a que en muchas ocasiones comparten características clínicas y demográficas, las pruebas de imagen desempeñan un papel complementario en el diagnóstico etiológico. Se han descrito nuevas formas de atrapamiento extraarticular de la cadera como causa de dolor y limitación funcional, en especial en pacientes jóvenes activos. Incluyen el atrapamiento isquiofemoral, el choque subespinoso o de la espina iliaca anteroinferior, el atrapamiento del iliopsoas y el choque pélvico-trocantéreo. De forma general, se deben a un problema mecánico que conduce al contacto anormal o excesivo entre el fémur proximal y la pelvis ósea, o las partes blandas interpuestas. Realizamos una revisión actualizada de estas formas de atrapamiento extraarticular de la cadera, describiendo la fisiopatología, las manifestaciones clínicas, los hallazgos radiológicos más comunes y el tratamiento


Hip and groin pain is a common clinical problem. Multiple causes can generate hip or groin pain, often sharing clinical and demographic characteristics. Diagnostic imaging tests play an important role in the etiological diagnosis. New forms of extra-articular hip impingement have recently been recognized as a cause of hip pain and limited function especially in young active patients. These conditions include ischiofemoral impingement, anterior inferior iliac spine and subspine impingement, iliopsoas impingement and greater trochanteric-pelvic impingement. In general, they are caused by a mechanical conflict with an abnormal or excessive contact between the proximal femur and pelvis and/or soft tissue between them. In this manuscript we review the physiopathology, clinical presentation, the most common radiologic findings and treatment of these forms of extra-articular hip impingement


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimialgia Reumática/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões do Quadril/diagnóstico por imagem , Dor/diagnóstico por imagem , Pelve/diagnóstico por imagem , Pelve/lesões , Lesões do Quadril/etiologia , Lesões do Quadril/fisiopatologia , Virilha/diagnóstico por imagem , Virilha/lesões , Manejo da Dor , Músculos Psoas/diagnóstico por imagem , Músculos Psoas/lesões , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética
2.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 60(2): 105-118, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29110905

RESUMO

Hip and groin pain is a common clinical problem. Multiple causes can generate hip or groin pain, often sharing clinical and demographic characteristics. Diagnostic imaging tests play an important role in the etiological diagnosis. New forms of extra-articular hip impingement have recently been recognized as a cause of hip pain and limited function especially in young active patients. These conditions include ischiofemoral impingement, anterior inferior iliac spine and subspine impingement, iliopsoas impingement and greater trochanteric-pelvic impingement. In general, they are caused by a mechanical conflict with an abnormal or excessive contact between the proximal femur and pelvis and/or soft tissue between them. In this manuscript we review the physiopathology, clinical presentation, the most common radiologic findings and treatment of these forms of extra-articular hip impingement.


Assuntos
Impacto Femoroacetabular , Impacto Femoroacetabular/diagnóstico por imagem , Impacto Femoroacetabular/etiologia , Humanos
3.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 58(4): 246-256, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-154183

RESUMO

La otosclerosis es una otodistrofia primaria del hueso temporal que produce una hipoacusia de transmisión progresiva. El diagnóstico es generalmente clínico, pero en ocasiones es necesaria la realización de una tomografía computarizada multidetector (TCMD), que es la técnica de imagen de elección. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una actualización sistemática de la utilidad de las técnicas de imagen en el diagnóstico y la valoración posquirúrgica de la otosclerosis, fundamentalmente del papel de la TCMD, con el fin de disminuir el riesgo quirúrgico (AU)


Otosclerosis is a primary osteodystrophy of the temporal bone that causes progressive conductive hearing loss. The diagnosis is generally clinical, but multidetector CT (MDCT), the imaging technique of choice, is sometimes necessary. The objective of this article is to systematically review the usefulness of imaging techniques for the diagnosis and postsurgical assessment of otosclerosis, fundamentally the role of MDCT, to decrease the surgical risk (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Otosclerose , Diagnóstico por Imagem/instrumentação , Diagnóstico por Imagem/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores , Cirurgia do Estribo/métodos , Cirurgia do Estribo , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Perda Auditiva Súbita/complicações , Perda Auditiva Súbita , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias
4.
Radiologia ; 58(4): 246-56, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27267384

RESUMO

Otosclerosis is a primary osteodystrophy of the temporal bone that causes progressive conductive hearing loss. The diagnosis is generally clinical, but multidetector CT (MDCT), the imaging technique of choice, is sometimes necessary. The objective of this article is to systematically review the usefulness of imaging techniques for the diagnosis and postsurgical assessment of otosclerosis, fundamentally the role of MDCT, to decrease the surgical risk.


Assuntos
Otosclerose/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores
5.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 54(5): 410-423, sept.-oct. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-106743

RESUMO

La absorciometría con rayos X de doble energía (DXA o DEXA) es la técnica de elección para diagnosticar la osteoporosis y monitorizar la respuesta al tratamiento. Además, es útil para estudiar la composición corporal. En los últimos años han surgido nuevas aplicaciones como la morfometría vertebral, estudiando la columna en visión lateral, la integración de prótesis en ortopedia, o la lipodistrofia en los pacientes con infección por VIH, aunque su utilización en estos casos no está bien consolidada. En el estudio de la osteoporosis, densitometría es precisa y exacta. Para ello, es imprescindible optimizar cada etapa del proceso diagnóstico, cuidando la adquisición, el análisis de imágenes y la interpretación de los resultados. Por ello, para obtener la máxima utilidad para el clínico y el paciente, el radiólogo debe conocer la técnica, sus indicaciones y las dificultades. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar la DXA, haciendo hincapié en sus fundamentos, modalidades, metodología y aplicaciones clínicas (AU)


Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; DEXA) is the technique of choice to diagnose osteoporosis and to monitor the response to treatment. It is also useful for measuring body composition. In recent years, new applications have been developed, including vertebral morphometry through the study of the lateral spine, prosthesis integration in orthopedics, and lipodystrophy in HIV+ patients, although its use in these cases is not well established. DXA densitometry is accurate and precise. It is essential to optimize each step of the diagnostic process, taking care to ensure the best acquisition, image analysis, and interpretation of the results. Thus, to obtain the greatest utility from DXA, radiologists need to know the technique, its indications, and its pitfalls. This article reviews the fundamentals, modalities, methods, and clinical applications of DXA (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Absorciometria de Fóton/instrumentação , Absorciometria de Fóton/métodos , Densitometria/métodos , Osteoporose/complicações , Osteoporose/diagnóstico , Composição Corporal/efeitos da radiação , Densidade Óssea/efeitos da radiação , Absorciometria de Fóton/tendências , Absorciometria de Fóton , Tecnologia Radiológica/métodos , Tecnologia Radiológica/tendências
6.
Radiologia ; 54(5): 410-23, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22285678

RESUMO

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; DEXA) is the technique of choice to diagnose osteoporosis and to monitor the response to treatment. It is also useful for measuring body composition. In recent years, new applications have been developed, including vertebral morphometry through the study of the lateral spine, prosthesis integration in orthopedics, and lipodystrophy in HIV+ patients, although its use in these cases is not well established. DXA densitometry is accurate and precise. It is essential to optimize each step of the diagnostic process, taking care to ensure the best acquisition, image analysis, and interpretation of the results. Thus, to obtain the greatest utility from DXA, radiologists need to know the technique, its indications, and its pitfalls. This article reviews the fundamentals, modalities, methods, and clinical applications of DXA.


Assuntos
Absorciometria de Fóton , Osteoporose/diagnóstico por imagem , Absorciometria de Fóton/métodos , Humanos
7.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 51(6): 601-604, nov.-dic. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-75270

RESUMO

El caso que presentamos es el de un paciente asintomático con un diagnóstico clínico rradiológico inicial de metástasis pulmonares. Una vez efectuado el estudio anatomopatológico de las lesiones pulmonares, se realiza el diagnóstico final de silicoantracosis. Tras una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica, se ha comprobado que el caso de silicoantracosis que se presenta tiene una forma de presentación excepcional, tanto en las manifestaciones radiológicas como en el largo período de latencia (unos 50 años) entre una breve exposición al polvo del carbón (de 6 años) y la expresión radiológica (AU)


We present the case of an asymptomatic patient with an initial clinical and radiological diagnosis of lung metastases in whom histological study diagnosed anthracosilicosis. A review of the literature shows that this presentation of anthracosilicosis is exceptional; our patient had atypical radiological findings and a very long latency period (over 50 years) after a brief (nearly 6 years) exposure to coal dust (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Antracossilicose/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Metástase Neoplásica/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico
8.
Radiologia ; 51(6): 601-4, 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19732920

RESUMO

We present the case of an asymptomatic patient with an initial clinical and radiological diagnosis of lung metastases in whom histological study diagnosed anthracosilicosis. A review of the literature shows that this presentation of anthracosilicosis is exceptional; our patient had atypical radiological findings and a very long latency period (over 50 years) after a brief (nearly 6 years) exposure to coal dust.


Assuntos
Antracossilicose/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Idoso , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Radiografia
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