Possible Association between Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease and Coronavirus Disease Vaccine: A Report of Four Cases.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is an autoimmune, multisystemic disease characterized by severe bilateral granulomatous posterior, which can occur due to viral infection or vaccination. We report four cases that had a likely association between VKH disease and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. Two patients had VKH symptoms within 1 and 2 weeks after receiving the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. One patient presented with VKH symptoms 5 days after receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine, and one patient had symptoms within 4 weeks after receiving the CoronaVac vaccine. Early diagnosis and treatment of VKH disease are essential for the visual prognosis of this aggressive disease. Further in-depth studies are necessary to investigate this likely association to enable ophthalmologists to identify new assumed correlations between the diseases described in this study.

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in spinal surgery patients / Prevalência de staphylococcus aureus meticilina resistente em pacientes de cirurgia de coluna / Prevalencia de staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina en pacientes de cirugia de columna

ABSTRACT Objective The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of patients with colonization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the nasal mucosa, who underwent elective spinal procedures. Methods Retrospective study of the medical records of all patients submitted to elective procedures, totaling 125 individuals in the period of 2015 and 2017, performed by two spinal surgeons of the Orthopedics and Traumatology Service of Hospital Mater Dei, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The pre-operative investigation of MRSA consisted of the collection of a nasal swab for microbiological culture. Results Of the 125 patients evaluated, three (2.4%) showed positive results for MRSA nasal colonization. This prevalence is consistent with the international literature, that ranges from 1.5 to 5.9%. Of these patients none had infection of the surgical wound, probably due to the preoperative prophylactic measures. Conclusions Despite the limitations of the study, we found that the prevalence of carriers of this nasal MRSA population is similar to that of populations worldwide . Level of evidence III; Retrospective Study.

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar a prevalência dos pacientes submetidos a procedimentos eletivos de coluna com mucosa nasal colonizada por Staphylococcus aureus Meticilina Resistente (MRSA). Métodos Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo dos prontuários de todos os pacientes submetidos a procedimentos eletivos, totalizando 125, entre 2015 e 2017, por dois cirurgiões de coluna do serviço de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital Mater Dei, de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. A investigação pré-operatória para MRSA consistiu em swab nasal submetido à cultura microbiológica. Resultados Dos 125 pacientes avaliados, três (2,4%) apresentaram resultado positivo para colonização nasal por MRSA. Essa prevalência está de acordo com a literatura estrangeira, que varia de 1,5 a 5,9%. Desses pacientes, nenhum apresentou infecção da ferida operatória, provavelmente devido às medidas de profilaxia instituídas. Conclusão Apesar das limitações do estudo, constatamos que a população estudada apresenta prevalência de carreamento nasal de MRSA similar às populações estrangeiras. Nível de evidência III; Estudo Retrospectivo.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de pacientes con colonización de Staphylococcus aureus resistente a la meticilina (SARM) en la mucosa nasal que se sometieron a procedimientos electivos de columna vertebral. Métodos Estudio retrospectivo de los registros médicos de todos los pacientes sometidos a procedimientos electivos, con un total de 125 individuos en el período de 2015 a 2017, realizado por dos cirujanos de columna vertebral del Servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología del Hospital Mater Dei, de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. La investigación preoperatoria de SARM consistió en la recolección de un hisopo nasal para cultivo microbiológico. Resultados De los 125 pacientes evaluados, tres (2,4%) tuvieron resultados positivos para la colonización nasal por SARM. Esta prevalencia está de acuerdo con la literatura internacional, que varía de 1,5% a 5,9%. De estos pacientes, ninguno tuvo infección de la herida quirúrgica, probablemente debido a las medidas profilácticas preoperatorias. Conclusiones A pesar de las limitaciones del estudio, encontramos que la prevalencia de portadores de SARM nasal de esta población es similar a la de poblaciones de todo el mundo. Nivel de Evidencia III; Estudio retrospectivo.

Anatomic variation of thorax drainage: absence of accessory hemiazygos vein

Formed by the azygos, hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos veins, this system is responsible for the venous drainage of the thorax and partially of the abdomen. Abnormalities of this system are not uncommon, and many are referred to in literature. The complete agenesis of the accessory hemyazigos vein is associated with complete regression of the left posterior cardinal vein or atrophy of the left subcardinal vein. The reported case consists of the complete absence of the accessory hemiazygos vein, culminating in the drainage of the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th left posterior intercostal veins directly into the azygos vein of a male cadaver. The importance of the theme is due to the necessity of recognizing patterns and frequencies of these variations when facing procedures addressing the mediastinum or the major vessels.