RESUMO
Objetivo. Evaluar la situación nutricional del paciente anciano hospitalizado mediante el Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), su relación con la prolongación de estancias y mortalidad, la incidencia de desnutrición durante el ingreso y evaluar la aplicabilidad del MNA en un área de hospitalización de agudos de Medicina Interna. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo de la situación nutricional de pacientes de 65 años o más ingresados, de forma consecutiva, en un servicio de Medicina Interna. Son incluidos 106 pacientes. Las variables a estudio son la valoración nutricional (MNA, colesterol, linfocitos, albúmina, peso, talla, índice de masa corporal, plicometría), la evolución del episodio, edad, institucionalización, dependencia y comorbilidad. Resultados. Se han estudiado 106 pacientes, edad media de 81±7 años, índice de Charlson 2,3±1,9 e índice de Barthel 74,9±30,8. El peso medio era de 64,5±10,6kg, índice masa corporal (IMC) de 26±3,9, y la pérdida de peso en los últimos 3 meses de 1,17±2,92kg. La estancia media fue de 11,1±9,8 días y la mortalidad del 5,7%. La prevalencia de malnutrición fue del 4,7% y de riesgo nutricional del 36,8%. Los pacientes desnutridos tuvieron una estancia más prolongada, más edad, comorbilidad y dependencia; no existen diferencias concluyentes en la mortalidad. La incidencia de desnutrición durante el ingreso osciló entre 2,43 y 15,68%. Conclusiones. La desnutrición origina un aumento de la morbimortalidad y del uso de recursos. Los servicios asistenciales responsables del paciente deben realizar una valoración nutricional al ingreso y repetirla a lo largo de la hospitalización, empleando herramientas de cribado sencillas que incorporen un plan de intervención nutricional explícito(AU)
Objective. To evaluate the nutritional status of the elderly hospitalized patient with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), its relationship with length of hospital stay and mortality, the incidence of malnutrition during hospitalization and to evaluate the applicability of MNA in an Internal Medicine Department of an acute care hospital. Material and methods. A prospective study on the nutritional status of patients of 65 years or older admitted to hospital in an Internal Medicine Department was performed in 106 consecutive patients. In all patients a MNA test, an anthropometric (weight, height, body mass index, skinfold), and biochemical (cholesterol, lymphocytes, albumin) evaluation were performed; outcome, age, institutionalization, Charlson index and Barthel index were recorded. Results. Mean age of the patients was 81±7 years, Charlson index 2.3±1.9 and Barthel index 74.9±30.8. Mean weight was 64.5±10.6kg, BMI 26±3.9, and weight loss in the previous 3 months 1.17±2.92kg. Mean length of hospital stay was 11.1±9.8, and mortality was 5.7%. Prevalence of malnutrition, assessed by MNA, was 4.7%, and 36.8% of the patients were at risk of malnutrition. Malnourished patients have a longer length of hospital stay, higher Barthel and Charlson indexes. There are no conclusive differences in mortality. Incidence of malnutrition during hospitalization was between 2.43 and 15.68%. Conclusions. Malnutrition increases length of hospital stay, rate of complications and costs. The clinicians responsible for the patient should perform nutrition evaluation at hospital admission and repeat it during the hospitalization, using simple screening tools that incorporate an explicit nutrition intervention plan(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Desnutrição/complicações , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Desnutrição/terapia , /tendências , Hospitalização/tendências , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Massa Corporal , Comorbidade , Indicadores de Morbimortalidade , Antropometria/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutritional status of the elderly hospitalized patient with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), its relationship with length of hospital stay and mortality, the incidence of malnutrition during hospitalization and to evaluate the applicability of MNA in an Internal Medicine Department of an acute care hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study on the nutritional status of patients of 65 years or older admitted to hospital in an Internal Medicine Department was performed in 106 consecutive patients. In all patients a MNA test, an anthropometric (weight, height, body mass index, skinfold), and biochemical (cholesterol, lymphocytes, albumin) evaluation were performed; outcome, age, institutionalization, Charlson index and Barthel index were recorded. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 81±7 years, Charlson index 2.3±1.9 and Barthel index 74.9±30.8. Mean weight was 64.5±10.6kg, BMI 26±3.9, and weight loss in the previous 3 months 1.17±2.92kg. Mean length of hospital stay was 11.1±9.8, and mortality was 5.7%. Prevalence of malnutrition, assessed by MNA, was 4.7%, and 36.8% of the patients were at risk of malnutrition. Malnourished patients have a longer length of hospital stay, higher Barthel and Charlson indexes. There are no conclusive differences in mortality. Incidence of malnutrition during hospitalization was between 2.43 and 15.68%. CONCLUSIONS: Malnutrition increases length of hospital stay, rate of complications and costs. The clinicians responsible for the patient should perform nutrition evaluation at hospital admission and repeat it during the hospitalization, using simple screening tools that incorporate an explicit nutrition intervention plan.
