Disfunciones ejecutivas en adultos con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad / Executive dysfunctions in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Introducción. Diversos estudios de seguimiento han mostrado la persistencia del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) en la edad adulta. Objetivo. Revisar los hallazgos en adultos con TDAH relacionados con alteraciones en las funciones ejecutivas. Desarrollo. Las investigaciones realizadas en población infantil con TDAH muestran la existencia de alteraciones en diferentes tareas que evalúan funciones ejecutivas: test de planificación, tareas atencionales de vigilancia, tareas de flexibilidad cognitiva, de fluidez verbal y de memoria de trabajo, así como en diversas tareas de inhibición de respuesta. En los adultos con TDAH, a pesar del menor número de publicaciones, así como de las limitaciones metodológicas existentes en algunos estudios, también se han descrito resultados análogos con relación al funcionamiento ejecutivo: alteración en la respuesta de inhibición, en la capacidad de planificación, dificultades en la flexibilidad cognitiva y la fluidez verbal, y dificultades en la memoria de trabajo, que incluyen aspectos de memoria de trabajo espacial, de memoria lógica o visual. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos disponibles permiten afirmar la persistencia de disfunciones ejecutivas en pacientes adultos con TDAH similares a las observadas en niños con TDAH

Introduction. Several different follow-up studies have shown that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can persist into adulthood. Aim. To review the findings in adults with ADHD related to alterations in the executive functions. Development. Research conducted among children with ADHD has revealed the existence of alterations in different tasks that evaluate the executive functions, such as the planning test, sustained attention tasks, cognitive flexibility, verbal fluency and working memory tasks, as well as several inhibition response tasks. In adults with ADHD, despite the lower number of reports in the literature and the methodological shortcomings that exist in some studies, analogous results have also been described with respect to executive functioning, namely, disorders affecting inhibition response, the capacity for planning, difficulties in cognitive flexibility and verbal fluency, and problems with working memory, which include aspects of spatial working memory, logical or visual memory. Conclusions. The findings we have available at present enable us to confirm the persistence of executive dysfunctions in adult patients with ADHD that are similar to those observed in children with ADHD

[Executive dysfunctions in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]. / Disfunciones ejecutivas en adultos con trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad.

INTRODUCTION: Several different follow-up studies have shown that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can persist into adulthood. AIM: To review the findings in adults with ADHD related to alterations in the executive functions. DEVELOPMENT: Research conducted among children with ADHD has revealed the existence of alterations in different tasks that evaluate the executive functions, such as the planning test, sustained attention tasks, cognitive flexibility, verbal fluency and working memory tasks, as well as several inhibition response tasks. In adults with ADHD, despite the lower number of reports in the literature and the methodological shortcomings that exist in some studies, analogous results have also been described with respect to executive functioning, namely, disorders affecting inhibition response, the capacity for planning, difficulties in cognitive flexibility and verbal fluency, and problems with working memory, which include aspects of spatial working memory, logical or visual memory. CONCLUSIONS: The findings we have available at present enable us to confirm the persistence of executive dysfunctions in adult patients with ADHD that are similar to those observed in children with ADHD.

Síndrome depresivo y craneofaringioma / Depressive disorder and craniopharyngioma

No disponible

No disponible