[Neurofibroma and meningioma of the spinal canal]. / Nerwiakowlókniak i oponiak w kanale kregowym.

The authors described a 22-year-old female patient in whom a neurofibroma had been removed at the age of 13 years (laminectomy L1, 2, 3), and 9 years later psammoma was removed by laminectomy Th7, 8, 9). Both tumours developed outside the cord and were removed radically. The patient without complaints and without neurological deficit returned to work.

[Meningeal cyst of the sacral canal with coexistent hernia of the nucleus pulposus L4-L5]. / Torbiel oponowa w kanale kosci krzyzowej ze wspólistniejaca przepuklina jadra miazdzystego l4-l5.

The authors describe a female patient aged 46 years in whom a meningeal hernia developed in the sacral canal, probably after trauma in childhood but produced no neurological changes. After 40 years hernia of the nucleus pulposus developed at the L4-L5 level causing right-sided ischalgia and strong pains. After surgical treatment pains disappeared.

[Meningocele in the cervical segment of the spine associated with vertebral fusion]. / Przepuklina oponowa w odcinku szyjnym kregoslupa ze wspólistniejacym blokiem kostnym.

The authors describe a patient aged 22 years in whom a developmental anomaly was found with fusion of the vertebral bodies C4 through C6, posterior spina bifida from C5 through Th1 and meningocele at the level C4 through C7. The meningocele was removed surgically. The case illustrates an integral connection between this set of anomalies and the malformations from the group of dysraphism.

[Diagnosis and treatment of injuries of the brachial plexus in our experience]. / Wlasne doswiadczenia w diagnostyce i leczeniu urazów splotu ramiennego.

The subject of the paper is an analysis of the pathomechanism of injuries and results of multispecialist diagnostic investigations and surgical treatment in 74 cases of traumatic brachial plexus injuries observed in a period of 5 years. The observations of the authors suggest the following conclusions: Direct injury to the brachial plexus requires emergency or delayed emergency surgical intervention. In indirect and secondary traumatic injuries of the plexus the best results are obtained by possibly early reconstructive operation carried out after establishing indications to surgical treatment. The optimal time for full diagnosis of brachial plexus injury and its surgical treatment is between 3 and 6 months after trauma. The full diagnosis of brachial plexus injury should include: radiological examination of the cervical spine with radiograms in flexion and extension (if necessary) and contrast investigations (myelography) of the vertebral canal for determining canal patency and cerebrospinal fluid changes and dynamics. Electromyography is one of the principal elements of the diagnostic procedures used for the localization of plexus damage and for evaluation of the return of function after surgery. It would be indicated to organize in Poland special hospital departments or centres for systematic diagnostic investigations and surgical treatment of patients with brachial plexus injury.

[Multiple post-traumatic neuromas of the cervical plexus with atypical symptoms]. / Mnogie nerwiaki pourazowe splotu szyjnego o nietypowej symptomatologii.

The report presents a patient in whom a direct trauma to the neck caused development of multiple painful neuromas of the cervical roots C2 and C4 with peculiar and rarely observed symptoms. Reconstructive operation was carried out 10 years after the injury and disappearance of persistent neurologic manifestations was obtained.

[Meningomyelocele with spinal cord cyst and internal hydrocephalus in a 9-month-old boy]. / Przepuklina oponowa z torbiela rdzeniowa oraz wodoglowiem wewnetrznym u 9-miesiecznego chlopca.

The authors describe a boy aged 9 months with open myelomeningocele which changed gradually into meningocele with spinal cord cyst. During treatment internal hydrocephalus developed requiring insertion of Pudenz-Heyer ventriculoatrial. valve. The treatment was successful. The case illustrates the succession of changes which may develop in myelomeningocele and the relationship between the state of internal hydrocephalus and the volume of meningocele and spinal cyst (cerebrospinal fluid production exceeding its resorption).

[Developmental anomalies of the metencephalon in the craniofacial and vertebral malformation syndrome]. / Zaburzenia rozwojowe tylomózgowia w zespole wad twarzoczaszki i kregoslupa.

The authors describe a case of a girl aged 9 years with a syndrome of malformations--cleft of the upper lip, maxilla and palate, lack of C2 arch fusion, polycystic lesions of the vermis and cerebellar hemisphere with obliteration of the aqueduct. The syndrome of intracranial hypertension with prevailing cerebellar symptoms was the cause of diagnostic and surgical management. Suboccipital craniotomy was done with insertion of ventriculoatrial valve which restored the normal intracranial pressure. The girl recovered and resumed education.