RESUMO
This article describes and discusses issues related to the process of childhood growth and development, with emphasis on the early years, a period in which this process reaches critical speed on major structures and functions of the human economy. We reaffirm that this can contribute to the social availability of a generation of increasingly better adults, which in turn will be able to contribute to building a better world and within it a society that enjoys greater prosperity. In the first chapter, we discuss the general considerations on the favorable evolution of human society based on quality of future adults, meaning the accomplishments that todays children will gain. A second chapter mentions the basics of growth and development in the different fields and the various phenomena that occur in it. In the third we refer to lost opportunities and negative factors that can affect delaying the process and thereby result in not obtaining the expected accomplishments. In the fourth, conclusions and recommendations are presented confirming the initial conception that good early child care serves to build a better society and some recommendations are formulated to make it a good practice.
Assuntos
Proteção da Criança , Crescimento e Desenvolvimento , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Condições SociaisRESUMO
En este artículo se describen y comentan aspectos vinculados con el proceso de crecimiento y desarrollo del niño, poniendo énfasis en los primeros años de vida, periodo en el cual este proceso alcanza velocidad crítica en las estructuras y funciones más importantes de la economía humana. Se reafirma que ello puede contribuir a que la sociedad disponga de una generación cada vez mejor de adultos, los que a su turno serán capaces de contribuir a construir un mundo mejor y dentro de él una sociedad que goce de mayor bienestar. En un primer capítulo se mencionan consideraciones de orden general sobre la evolución favorable de la sociedad de humanos, sustentada en la calidad de sus futuros adultos, lo que equivale a decir de los logros que alcancen sus actuales niños. Un segundo capítulo menciona los aspectos básicos sobre crecimiento y desarrollo, en las diferentes esferas y los diversos fenómenos que en él se dan. En el tercero hacemos referencia a las oportunidades perdidas y los factores negativos que pueden incidir retrasando el proceso y con ello dando lugar a no obtenerse los logros esperados, en el cuarto se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones ratificando la concepción inicial de que un buen cuidado temprano del niño sirve para construir una sociedad mejor, y se formulan algunas recomendaciones para hacer del mismo una buena práctica...
This article describes and discusses issues related to the process of childhood growth and development, with emphasis on the early years, a period in which this process reaches critical speed on major structures and functions of the human economy. We reaffirm that this can contribute to the social availability of a generation of increasingly better adults, which in turn will be able to contribute to building a better world and within it a society that enjoys greater prosperity. In the first chapter, we discuss the general considerations on the favorable evolution of human society based on quality of future adults, meaning the accomplishments that todayÆs children will gain. A second chapter mentions the basics of growth and development in the different fields and the various phenomena that occur in it. In the third we refer to lost opportunities and negative factors that can affect delaying the process and thereby result in not obtaining the expected accomplishments. In the fourth, conclusions and recommendations are presented confirming the initial conception that good early child care serves to build a better society and some recommendations are formulated to make it a good practice...
Assuntos
Humanos , Crescimento e Desenvolvimento , Desenvolvimento Infantil , CriançaRESUMO
Antecedentes: Este artículo emerge como parte de un proceso liderado por la Academia Nacional de Medicina del Perú en estrecha colaboración con otras Academias de Medicina Latinoamericanas, e importantes instituciones universitarias y profesionales relacionadas con la salud. Objetivo: Describir y fundamentar la importancia de la Medicina Centrada en la Persona (MCP) en el contexto latinoamericano. Metodología: Revisión de artículos y experiencias latinoamericanas sobre el tema, realización de reuniones académicas para deliberar sobre contenidos afines, dos preliminares en Lima en diciembre 2013 y enero 2014, una tercera en Buenos Aires, a propósito del 2° Congreso Internacional de Medicina Centrada en la Persona, con la presencia de las Academias de Medicina de Argentina, Bolivia, Chile y Perú (noviembre 2014) y una cuarta en Lima, Reunión de las Academias de Medicina de Bolivia, Colombia, Chile, Paraguay y Perú (diciembre 2014). Resultados: Se puntualizan los precedentes históricos y contemporáneos, universales y locales, pertinentes a la gestación y desarrollo de una re-priorización de la medicina en torno a la persona y su contexto, articulando para el efecto ciencia y humanismo. Se discute el nivel filosófico del concepto Persona en medicina, incluyendo bases terminológicas, históricas, y derechos humanos. Sobre estas bases se examina la evolución de los conceptos centrales de la MCP, resaltando su pertinencia tanto en la medicina clínica como en la salud pública, la atención, educación e investigación y las políticas en salud. Con respecto a la práctica y educación clínicas, se plantea la noción de MCP como principio estratégico fundamental, sus aplicaciones educacionales programáticas, y su posible institucionalización a nivel de facultades de medicina. Se resalta la importancia de la formación en ética y comunicación clínica y del apropiado uso de la tecnología y la evidencia científica al servicio de la persona. Se incluyen posibilidades...
other Latin American National Academies of Medicine and important university and professional institutions related to the area of health. Objective: To describe and substantiate the importance of Person Centered Medicine (PCM) in the Latin American context. Methodology: Review of Latin American papers and experiences on this issue, and organization of academic meetings to deliberate on related problems, two preliminary ones in Lima in December 2013 and January 2014, a third one in Buenos Aires at the Second International Congress of Person Centered Medicine with the participation of National Academies of Medicine of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru (November, 2014), and a fourth in Lima with the presence of the National Academies of Medicine of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay and Peru (December, 2014). Results: Historical and contemporary, universal and local precedents to the gestation and development of a reprioritization of medicine in relation to the Person and his context are pointed out, articulating for such purpose science and humanism. The concept of Person in medicine from a philosophical point of view, including terminological historical and human rights dimensions, is discussed. Upon these bases the central concepts of PCM are examined emphasizing its pertinence in clinical medicine as well as in public health, clinical care, education, research, and health policies. In regards to clinical education and practice, the PCM concept as a fundamental strategic principle, its programmatic educational applications and its possible institutionalization at medical school level are proposed. The importance of ethical training and clinical communication as well as the appropriate use of technology and scientific evidence on behalf of the Person are highlighted. Available institutional opportunities for health professional interdisciplinary education as well as Latin American educational perspectives are discussed. Scientific research on PCM is...
Assuntos
Humanos , Assistência Centrada no Paciente , Educação Médica , Pesquisa , Política de SaúdeRESUMO
En abril de 2009 se promulgó la Ley N.º 29344 Marco de Aseguramiento Universal en Salud, su implementación será gradual tanto en el número de asegurados como de cobertura de beneficios y de garantías explícitas. Primero se irá implementando en nueve zonas piloto de las provincias o distritos más pobres del Perú, para lo cual el Estado ha realizado cambios presupuestales que permitan su ejecución.
In April 2009, the Law No. 29344: Framework Law on Universal Health Assurance was enacted, its implementation will be gradual in the number of insured as coverage of benefits and explicit guarantees. First will be implemented in nine pilot areas of the poorest provinces and districts of Peru, for which the State has made budgetary changes to allow itsimplementation.
Assuntos
Humanos , Acesso Universal aos Serviços de Saúde , Cobertura Universal do Seguro de Saúde , Saúde Pública , Sistemas Nacionais de Saúde , PeruRESUMO
Manual destinado a todos os profissionais do desenho e projeto, nos ambitos de moradia, mobiliário, vestimentas, equipamentos em geral, indústria, transporte, comércio, educaçäo, etc. e a todas as disciplinas onde os fatores humanos antropométricos säo uma base importante para o desenvolvimento dos estudos. Combina dois sistemas de mediçäo: um que cobre as necessidades de maxima generalizaçäo e outro, os casos particulares