[Microflora metabolites of different habitats in bronchopulmonary diseases].

PURPOSE: To investigate the content and profile of metabolites of bronchopulmonary and intestinal microflora, especially such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in various biological substrates in patients with lung malignant tumors on the background of COPD. Estimate their diagnostic and tactical implication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 98 patients with diseases of the bronchopulmonary system. According to the basic nosology patients were divided into two main groups: COPD (38 patients), and lung cancer in combination with COPD (hereinafter LC) (60 patients). The diagnosis was verified by modern methods of examination. Group of norm included 30 healthy individuals. Groups matched by gender and age. The microbiological examination of sputum and feces was conducted in the studied groups of patients. SCFA in sputum and feces of patients with COPD and LC were identified by GLC method. In healthy individuals the SCFA investigation was performed in bronchial washings, obtained during bronchoscopy in 20 people, the SCFA investigation in feces was performed in 30 people. RESULTS: Study of the content and profile of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in patients with COPD and lung cancer (LC) in various biosubstrates indicate on the obvious changes in microbiocenosis ofbioptate (bronchopulmonary and intes- tinal), characterized by the dominance of residual and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in the spectrum. Except that more pronounced changes are ascertained at LC. Also, changes of the SCFA parameters in the sputum may indicate on the alterations in the metabolism of epithelial cells of the lower respiratory tract (LRT). Unidirectional change the SCFA in sputum and feces can indicate on either translocation of microflora in the LRT out of the intestine, and on the possible systemic changes in themetabolism of epithelial tissue in the oncological process. The identification of SCFA by GLC method in various biological substrates can be used in examination of patients with lung cancer for diagnostic purposes (for objectification of microecological violations), as well as to evaluate the prognosis of the disease and its complications.

[Syndrome of bacterial overgrowth in patients with the reduced stomach acid secretion: some aspects of the diagnosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the frequency of occurrence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in GERD patients with reduced stomach acid secretion receiving long-term PPI treatment, and patients with chronic atrophic gastritis with reduced stomach acid secretion, using the hydrogen breath test (HBT) and studies of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in various biological substrates; compare the obtained results. MATERIAL AND METHODS: There were 100 people surveyed: 1 group consisted of 40 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (HG) with reduced stomach acid secretion; 2 group consisted of 60 patients of GERD in patients receiving PPI different duration (0-6 months, 6-12 months more than 12 months). All the patients were examined by a load of lactulose and research SCFA using gas-liquid chromatographic analysis (GC-analysis) in various biological substrates (duodenal secretion and feces). RESULTS: When performing HBT in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis frequency detection SIBO amounted to 57.5 per cent. In GERD patients receiving PPI SIBO was detected in 8.3% of cases (0-6 months of treatment), 21.7% (6-12 months of treatment), 61.6% (over 12 months). 15% of HG patients and 13.3% of GERD patients receiving PPI, with clinical manifestations of SIBO, the data turned out to be negative. The SCFA parameters in the duodenal secretion in patients with GERD during PPI therapy depending on the duration of the admission and in HG patients with reduced stomach acid secretion were studied, as well as in patients with clinical manifestations of SIBO depending on the data of HBT (+/-). We also studied SCFA parameters in patients with positive HBT results depending on time of registration of the increase of hydrogen concentration. It is established that the study of SCFA in the duodenal secretion is an important diagnostic SIBO test, which allows not only to detect increased activity of the microflora, but also to determine its tribal affiliation. In some cases, its information value exceeds the HBT. The study of SCFA in various biological substrates (duodenal secretion, feces) allows you to specify the localization of existing violations. The rapidity of obtaining results allows to consider this method as screening.

[Peculiarities of functional status and microbiocenosis of the intestines in children with metabolic syndrome].

The article is devoted to the study of the functional state and microbiocenosis of intestines in children with a metabolic syndrome based on the study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of short-chain fatty acids in feces and blood serum. The results of the study showed that children with MS have a high rate of registered functional disorders of the intestine, characterized by the change of the nature of the chair and the results of scatological and biochemical tests. Disbiotic violations, accompanied by a reduction in the number and the metabolic activity of the indigenous microflora, change in the activity of anaerobic microorganisms were identified, which manifests itself as characteristic changes of qualitative and quantitative composition of the SHQ in the feces and blood serum.

[Serotonin levels and short chain fatty acids in pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome].

In 72 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) the psychological condition and electric activity of brain, serotonin level in plasma, short chain fatty acids (SFA) levels in stool were studied. In patients with IBS in aggravation of disease violations of central nerve system was observed. The increasing of reactive and personal anxious, violations in electroencephalograms and increasing serotonin level with modification of SFA levels were observed. Clinical, psychological and electroencephalographic changes, levels of serotonin and SFA is necessary to analyze for individual treatment program in patients with IBS.

[Probiotics in the treatment of functional intestinal diseases].

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of biocomplexes "Normoflorin L, B" in the treatment of functional bowel disease with constipation syndrome. The study involved 30 patients with functional bowel disease (Rome criteria III, 2006), with irritable bowel syndrome with predominance of constipatio--16 people with functional constipation--14 people. The criteria of efficacy were: the dynamics of clinical symptoms, bacteriological examination of feces before and after treatment, intestinal transit time of Activated Charcoa- "carbolen" test the definition of short-chain fatty acids (SFA) in the feces by gas-liquid chromatography before and after treatment. The results of the study. In Normoflorin therapy there comes normalization of intestinal motor activity; positive changes in colon ecosystem, consisting of changes of methabolic activity of colonic microflora and its generic composition, normalization of anaerobic-aerobic relations, restoration of intracavitary redox potential of the luminal environment; eliminating the symptoms of intestinal dyspepsia (rumbling, flatulence). Bio-complexes Normofloriny are characterized by good tolerability and safety. The positive effect of "aftereffect" of drugs persists for at least 2 weeks. These data allow us to recommend the use of bio-complexes Normofloriny in treatment of functional bowel disease. These data allow to recommend the use of bio-complexes Normofloriny in treatment of functional bowel disease.

[Fructooligo- and fructopoly-saccharides in correction and prevention of intestinal microbiocenosis disorders in patients with bronchopulmonary pathology receiving antibacterial therapy].

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy BUD "Stimbifid (LLC In-MIN"/LLC ("MedStar", Russia), which contains inulin, oligofructose, vitamins (C, B1, B6, B12, E, PP, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin) and minerals (zinc, selenium) in the correction and prevention of violations of the microbiota in patients with chronic and acute diseases of the lungs in the background and after antibiotic therapy (ABT). Was examined total of 50 patients with bronchopulmonary pathology on the background and after antibiotic therapy (including 30 people at a "Stimbifid" reception). The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness were: the dynamics of clinical symptoms, while in transit through the intestines of activated carbon ("carbolex test"), bacteriological examination of feces before and after treatment, the definition of short-chain fatty acids in the faeces before and after treatment. Based on the results of complex research was established the high efficiency of "Stimbifida" in the correction of microbiota in patients with chronic and acute diseases of the lungs in the background and after antibiotic therapy.

[Syndrome of excessive bacterial growth and disruption of the digestive and absorption: pathogenetic nutritional therapy].

The colon contains literally billions of bacteria. These bacteria protect us from pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi that might otherwise penetrate the mucosal membrane. The bacteria of the colon are also known as intestinal flora. Also they are very impotent when we try to use enteral nutrition. Diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth of the bowel may be recognized by special methods of definition of fecal short-chain fatty acids, which are the pathology biomarkers of the gut failure.

[Short-chain fatty acids and implications of their measurement in the diagnosis of encephalopathies]. / Korotkotsepochechnye zhirnye kisloty i znachenie opredeleniia ikh soderzhaniia v diagnostike éntsefalopatii razlichnogo geneza.

Sixty patients with chronic hepatitis of various etiology at the stage of hepatic cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathy syndrome (HES), thirty patients with cerebral atherosclerosis with dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DE) and 60 healthy controls have been examined in the study of basic diagnostic criteria of encephalopathies by short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) serum levels. Sensitivity and specificity of this test was also evaluated. Gas-liquid chromatography determined SCFA in the feces and peripheral blood serum from the above examinees. It was found that relative consent of SCFA and for the most part profiles of propionic and fat acids, acids with long chains, SCFA isomers in patients with encephalopathy of different genesis correlate with the results of clinical, laboratory and psychometric methods of examination and should be used together. Basic criteria are devised.

[Cryoamplipulse therapy in treating patients with chronic constipation]. / Krioamplipul'sterapiia v lechenii bol'nykh khronicheskimi zaporami.

120 patients with chronic constipation (CC) were examined using assessment of the immune status, rectoromanoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, myography, stool examination for volatile fatty acids and dysbacteriosis. The patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n = 58) received cryoamplipulsetherapy, group 2 (n = 29)--creotherapy, group 3 (n = 33)--amplipulsetherapy. Changes in clinical and functional indices show that the response in group 1, 2 and 3 was 88, 75 and 68%, respectively.

[Composition and role of short chain fatty acids in feces and peripheral blood serum of patients with cholelithiasis]. / Izuchenie sostava i znacheniia korotkotsepochechnykh zhirnykh kislot v fekaliiakh i syvorotke perifericheskoi krovi u patsientov s zhelchekamennoi bolezn'iu.

Gas-liquid chromatography was used to estimate content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in 25 patients with cholelithiasis, 32 patients with irritable colon syndrome and constipation (ICS) and 35 healthy subjects. It was found that SCFA absolute and relative concentration in the feces of cholelithiasis patients is abnormal indicating disturbance of microbiocenosis as shown by changes in functional activity of some anaerobes of the intestinal microflora participating in enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. Alterations of SCFA content in the serum of cholelithiasis patients may be related to steroids disbolism. The study of SCFA in the feces and peripheral blood serum from cholelithiasis patients is of diagnostic value.