RESUMO
Statement of the Problem: The risk of debonding of the orthodontic eyelets due to blood contamination from the impacted tooth is a clinical problem that orthodontists face routinely. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of hemostatic agents (Viscostat clear and Astringedent X) on shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic eyelets bonded with conventional (Transbond XT) and universal adhesive (GC-G Premio bond) adhesives. Materials and Method: In this experimental study, 84 freshly extracted bovine lower incisors were randomly divided into 7 groups namely TBXT, Blood, SEP, VISCO + TBXT, VISCO + SEP, ASTX + TBXT, and ASTX + SEP groups. In the TBXT group, teeth were etched with phosphoric acid gel, and then, the Transbond XT primer was applied and eyelets were bonded with Transbond XT. In the blood group, first, contamination with blood was done followed by the same procedure as TBXT. In other groups, the teeth were etched with phosphoric acid and based on their group allocation, Transbond XT primer (in TBXT groups), GC-G Premio Bond (in SEP groups), ViscoStat Clear gel (in VISCO groups), or Astringedent X (in ASTX groups) were applied. The SBS was measured for each group and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) was determined. Results: The mean SBS was 20.79 MPa in VISCO+SEP group, 19.2 MPa in the TBXT group, 16.06 MPa in the SEP group, 15.43 MPa in VISCO+TBXT group, 9.39 MPa in AST-X+TBXT group, and 1.62 MPa in the blood group. The SBS of ASTX+SEP, blood and TBXT+ASTX groups had significant differences from the SBS of the control group (p< 0.05). The ARI score of 0 had the highest frequency in the blood group. Conclusion: Due to the high coagulative effect of Astringedent X and acceptable SBS of Astringedent X in combination with GC-G Premio bond, this combination can be recommended for exposure of impacted teeth that are at high risk of blood contamination.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of chlorhexidine- and Persica-containing mouthrinses on the surface characterization of orthodontic appliance and friction between the orthodontic stainless steel wires and brackets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 75 orthodontic patients (aged 13-30) were allocated (n = 25) into two experimental groups (prescribed by Persica- or chlorhexidine-containing mouthrinse) and one control group (no prescription). The ovoid stainless steel archwires were placed, and the maxillary first premolar stainless steel edgewise brackets were ligated to wires by elastomeric rings. The patients were recalled after 2 weeks, and then, the archwires were removed and replaced. The surface analysis of archwires and brackets was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The frictional forces between the archwires and brackets were measured using a universal testing machine. The data for surface roughness were analyzed by the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The frictional forces data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test using SPSS software. The level of significance was P < 0.05. RESULTS: The retrieved brackets showed minor changes in their surface topography. The surface roughness of archwires after the intervention was significantly greater for the chlorhexidine than that of Persica (P < 0.05). The friction force between the archwires and brackets was also significantly higher for the chlorhexidine than that of Persica (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The Persica-containing mouthrinse from the biomechanical and biochemical standpoints may be a better option for oral hygiene in orthodontic patients compared with the chlorhexidine.
RESUMO
Background . Severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is a rapid form of dental caries that firstly affects primary upper incisors of children less <3 years of age and can cause interference in child's health by pain, nutritional deficiencies and sleep disorders. It seems there are many unknown factors in the etiology as well as progression of S-ECC. The aim of this study was to assess parents' views in this relation. Methods . In this qualitative study parent's views and their 1â3-year-old children were studied when they visited pediatric medical clinics in Kerman. After cleaning the children teeth and examination of them to discover caries, they were placed in 2 groups with or without S-ECC. Then each parent was interviewed separately and their comments were collected and studied. Examinations and interviews continued with parents until they did not express anything new. Results . Parents of children without S-ECC had better understanding about S-ECC related factors than parents of children with S-ECC and greater number of them (without significant differences) expressed known reasons for occurrence of S-ECC. There were differences among known reasons and proposed reasons mostly in parents of children with S-ECC, although the differences were not significant. Maternal stress and amount of breast milk's lactose were factors that were reported by some parents while there were unknown factors related to the etiology of S-ECC. Furthermore, no parents mentioned factors like saliva or mode of delivery. Conclusion . The most important achievement of the study was the attention of some parents to the role of their chronic stress in the occurrence of S-ECC. Another important consideration was that none of the parents mentioned the important role of the quality and quantity of saliva in preventing S-ECC, which should be promoted in the community.
