RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an increasingly common intervention in the treatment of pancreaticobiliary disorders. Patients are often elderly with complex co-morbidities. While monitored anaesthesia care with sedation is commonly used for most cases, few would require general anaesthesia with an endotracheal tube. Both low-flow and high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC) are established ways of delivering supplemental oxygen, but it is unclear whether one technique is better than the other. HFNC seems a promising tool for advanced procedures but evidence to support its application in high-risk ERCP cases is limited. The rate of oxygen desaturation during endoscopy has been reported to be as high as 11%-50% and the method of oxygen delivery for ERCP merits further study. METHODS/DESIGN: This is a prospective, randomised, multicentre trial comparing the efficacy of oxygen supplementation through HFNC versus low-flow nasal cannula during ERCP, in a cohort of patients at risk of adverse respiratory events. A total of 132 patients will be recruited across three sites and randomly assigned to either the low-flow or the HFNC group. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients experiencing hypoxia, defined by any event of SpO2 < 90%. The secondary outcomes include parameters centred on oxygenation, requirement of airway manoeuvres, successful completion of procedure, perioperative complications, patient satisfaction and cost analysis of the consumables. An intention-to-treat principle will be applied while analysing. DISCUSSION: The demand for ERCPs is likely to increase in the future with the aging population. Our study results may lead to improved outcomes and reduce airway-related complications in patients undergoing ERCPs. The results will be presented at national and international meetings and published in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.ANZCTR.org.au, CTRN12619000397112. Registered on 12 March 2019.
Assuntos
Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica/efeitos adversos , Hipóxia/terapia , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Ventilação não Invasiva/métodos , Oxigenoterapia/métodos , Manuseio das Vias Aéreas , Cânula , Colangiopancreatografia Retrógrada Endoscópica/métodos , Humanos , Hipóxia/etiologia , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Estudos Prospectivos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Os efeitos nocivos da poluição sonora em ambientes de trabalho são bem conhecidos e descritos na literatura. Os efeitos da exposição prolongada a ruídos em áreas que demandam alto nível de concentração, como as salas de operações, dependem da variabilidade nas respostas individuais e da intensidade das diferentes fontes geradoras. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma revisão sobre a exposição ocupacional a poluição sonora em Anestesiologia. CONTEÚDO: São discutidos os resultados dos principais artigos da literatura sobre o tema, envolvendo as fontes de poluição sonora e seus efeitos sobre os profissionais, em especial o anestesiologista. É dada ênfase a legislação e as recomendações para a minimização dos efeitos imputados à poluição sonora.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The harmful effects of workplace noise pollution are well known and described in the literature. The effects of prolonged exposure to noise in areas demanding high level of concentration, such as operating rooms, depend on the variability of individual responses and intensity of different generation sources. The aim of this paper is to present a review of occupational exposure to noise in anesthesiology. CONTENT: The results of the main articles in literature on the subject are discussed, concerning the sources of noise pollution and its effects on workers, particularly the anesthesiologist. Emphasis is given to legislation and recommendations to minimize the effects caused by noise.
JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: Los efectos nocivos de la contaminación sonora en ambientes de trabajo son archiconocidos y están descritos en la literatura. Los efectos de la exposición prolongada a ruidos en las áreas que exigen un alto nivel de concentración como los quirófanos por ejemplo, dependen de la variabilidad en las respuestas individuales y de la intensidad de las diferentes fuentes generadoras. El objetivo de este trabajo, es presentar una revisión sobre la exposición ocupacional a la contaminación sonora en Anestesiología. CONTENIDO: Se discuten aquí los resultados de los principales artículos de la literatura sobre el tema, involucrando las fuentes de contaminación sonora y sus efectos sobre los profesionales, en especial, el anestesiólogo. Se le da un énfasis especial, a la legislación y a las recomendaciones para la minimización de los efectos acarreados por la contaminación sonora.
Assuntos
Humanos , Anestesiologia , Ruído Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Brasil , Ruído Ocupacional/legislação & jurisprudência , Exposição Ocupacional/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The harmful effects of workplace noise pollution are well known and described in the literature. The effects of prolonged exposure to noise in areas demanding high level of concentration, such as operating rooms, depend on the variability of individual responses and intensity of different generation sources. The aim of this paper is to present a review of occupational exposure to noise in anesthesiology. CONTENT: The results of the main articles in literature on the subject are discussed, concerning the sources of noise pollution and its effects on workers, particularly the anesthesiologist. Emphasis is given to legislation and recommendations to minimize the effects caused by noise.
