Epstein-Barr virus in gastric carcinoma is associated with location in the cardia and with a diffuse histology: a study in one area of Chile.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with the most common form of stomach neoplasms, the gastric carcinoma (GC). The presence of EBV-encoded small RNAtype-1 (EBER-1), a marker for EBV infection was analyzed by in situ hybridization (ISH) in 185 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded cases of GC from a high risk region. We found 31 (16.8%) EBV-positive cases with no relationship to age. Although male predominance (19% in males and 12.5% in females) was observed, the gender difference did not achieve statistical significance. Odds ratio (OR) for cardia location was 5.4 (95% CI 1.7-17.3) when antrum was used as referent category and the effects of gender and age were taken into account. The proportion of EBV-positive cases in diffuse histology was higher than intestinal type (OR = 4.8, 95% CI = 2.0-11.1). Our findings are contrary to a previously accepted hypothesis, that high-risk countries for GC have low rates of EBV-associated GC. In addition, our findings regarding location, histology and weak male predominance are different from what has been described in Asian and European countries, but similar to those described in Mexico and Mexican descendants living in the U.S. suggesting unique characteristics of EBV-associated GC in Latin-America.

Características cefalométricas en el síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann / Cephalometric features of Beckwith-Wiedemann's syndrome

Doce niños afectados por el síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann fueron estudiados cefalométricamente por medio del análisis arquitectural y estructural cráneo-facial de Delaire, en la búsqueda de características comunes. Los resultados muestran una normalidad de las estructuras craneanas, en la cara, la posición adelantada del maxilar y la biprotrusión dentoalveolar son características casi constantes, la falta de desarrollo vertical del maxilar superior y la mordida abierta anterior están presentes en una gran mayoría de los pacientes estudiados. En nuestra opinión, estas características son deformidades secundarias al excesivo tamaño de la lengua más que una condición primaria de la malformación (AU)

[Anatomic bone and dento-alveolar changes in patients with lip incompetence]. / Modifications anatomiques squelettiques et dento-alvéolaries chez les sujets atteints d'incompétence labiale.

Twenty young patients with clinical labial incompetence have been studied cefalometrically using Delaire's Analysis, in order to determine anatomical alterations who explains this condition. In all of them we have found some anatomical alteration in sagital or vertical plane or both, in maxillary or mandibular squeletal bases or their dento-alveolar squeletic unit. Knowledge of anatomical factors contributing or determining labial incompetence is the key of the planification and execution of an etiologic approach, what is the best way to obtain physiological rapport and consequently good aesthetic results.

[Vertical condylar hyperplasia, clinical and histologic aspects. Apropos of 2 cases]. / L'hypercondylie verticale, aspects cliniques et histologiques. A propos de deux cas.

Condylar hyperplasia is a pathologic condition associated with an overgrowing of the condylar cartilage. It is possible to distinguish two clinical forms; vertical and horizontal when the lesion is unilateral. We have reported two cases of vertical condylar hyperplasia, both of them treated by simple condylectomy, in our opinion the selected treatment. Histopathological images show an increase of the growth and maturation layers of the condylar cartilage and inclusions of cartilaginous tissue, with appearance of glove fingers into the underlying cancellous bone.