[A differentiated approach to Parkinson's disease treatment in early stage of the disease]. / Differentsirovannyi podkhod k lecheniiu patsientov s bolezn'iu Parkinsona v rannem periode.

A conception of the approach to Parkinson's disease treatment at early stage, which could be realized in practice is suggested. The conception is based on the results of dopaminergic drugs treatment of 149 patients, aged 33-87 years. The patient's state was assessed by neurological examination and clinical scales with regard to different disease types, tremor and rigid, and levodopa doses--from moderate (up to 500 mg) to high (above 500 mg). A general treatment policy, including therapy directed to activation of regulatory and compensatory influences and differentiated usage of levodopa and combined therapy with levodopa and dopamine agonists, is presented.

[Clinical features of an early stage of Parkinson's disease]. / Klinicheskie osobennosti techeniia bolezni Parkinsona v rannem periode.

One hundred and forty-nine patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), mean age 66.3 years, have been examined. It was found that the early stage of the disease might include isolated depression, minimal movement disorders and functional compensation, the latter being observed during L-Dopa treatment. In general, the peculiarities of this stage comprise polymorphism of clinical symptoms, predominance of movement disorders over high mental dysfunctions and slow progression of pathological disorders with patient's adaptation to developing defect and reversibility of some dysfunctions under the treatment. The early stage was distinguished also by independence of high mental functions damage on movement disorders severity. More pronounced disturbances were detected in akinetic PD type in the presence of depression in the older patients. Depression may be a prodrome of movement disorders manifestation. The above peculiarities of the early stage are important for early PD diagnosis.

[Control and assessment of the quality of professional competence among physicians and students]. / Kontrol' i otsenka kachestva znanii studentov i vrachei.

The paper presents a new test method of control which permits to estimate objectively both formal knowledges of students, hospital physicians, post-graduates, physicians and their ability for logical reasoning, for determination of cause-effect relationships between separate phenomena. The list of the standards generally accepted for the test's tasks is proposed as well as recommendations for the users are given. 6 variations of the test's tasks are presented as the examples.

[Experience in using T-activin in multiple sclerosis patients]. / Opyt primeneniia T-aktivina u bol'nykh rasseiannym sklerozom.

Forty patients with multiple sclerosis of a differing course, duration and severity were treated in this series. T-activin was employed as an immunocorrective agent (AFT-6 fraction). The immunological status was assessed in all patients observed prior to, during and after the treatment. Good clinical response was noted in patients with a secondary progressive course; the effect of a short course of treatment with T-activin on the state of patients with a prolonged progressive course or at the stage of stabilization in the presence of severe organic symptomatology was less prominent. AFT-6 showed a beneficial effect on the immunological status of patients, largely on the T-immunity system. Following the treatment, most patients displayed the normalization of the total lymphocyte count and of the proportional content of T-cells with their activity rising.

[Clinico-electrophysiologic, immunologic and biochemical studies of multiple sclerosis patients]. / Kliniko-élektrofiziologicheskie, immunologicheskie i biokhimicheskie issledovaniia bol'nykh rasseiannym sklerozom.

Immunological blood indices, neutral lipid fractions, level of daily urine C21-corticosteroid excretion, free amino acid spectrum of the blood were studied in 72 patients with disseminated sclerosis. The EEG, EMG and REG data were analyzed. Healthy persons of the same age formed the control group. The data obtained may favour more differentiated treatment (in particular, the use of immunodepressants or immunostimulants) according to the disease pattern and stage. The study is important for early diagnosis and estimation of the process acuity and drug efficacy.

[Various pathogenetic mechanisms of ischemic stroke in cardiac rhythm disorders]. / Nekotorye patogeneticheskie mekhanizmy ishemicheskogo insul'ta pri narusheniiakh serdechnogo ritma.

Computerized results of polygraphic examinations of EEGs, ECGs, sphygmograms of the temporal artery, and phlebograms of the jugular vein carried out in 60 patients with a history of ischemic stroke and attendant heart rhythm disorders are discussed. The control group comprised 30 practically healthy subjects. The studies showed that in cases of ischemic stroke, there is a direct relationship between the degree of changes in the cerebral bioelectric activity and the intensity of disorders in general hemodynamics, which may be accounted for by the disruption of the vascular tone autoregulation, largely on the side of the ischemic focus.

[Cerebral syndrome in chronic nonspecific lung diseases]. / Tserebral'nye sindromy pri khronicheskikh nespetsificheskikh zabolevaniiakh legkikh.

An analysis of the results of clinico-electrophysiological examinations of 89 patients suffering from chronic nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the lungs with involvement of the nervous system is presented. The clinical syndromes of the nervous system affections in patients with chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases are specified. Of importance in the pathogenesis of these affections are progressing hypoxia, intoxication, edema of the brain and the meninges, and the effects of the infectious factors on the vascular walls and the nervous cells.

[Hyperkinesis in acute renal failure (clinico-pathomorphologic studies)]. / Giperkinezy pri ostroi pochechnoi nedostatochnosti (kliniko-patomorfologicheskie issledovaniia).

Results of clinical and pathomorphological examinations of 74 patients with acute renal insufficiency are presented. Various forms of hyperkineses accompanying the grave course of acute renal insufficiency complicated with comatose state are described. The development of hyperkineses in patients with acute renal insufficiency is prognostically unfavourable. A substantial role in the pathogenesis of these neurological disturbances belongs to the water-electrolyte imbalance leading to development of diffuse microcirculatory and degenerative changes in all the divisions of the brain and the spinal cord. The pathomophological changes make it possible to differentiate a syndrome of metencephalic degeneration.

[Changes in the nervous system in patients with paroxysmal tachycardia]. / Izmeneniia nervnoi sistemy u bol'nykh paroksizmal'noi takhikardiei.

The authors studied changes in the nervous system of 85 patients with paroxysmal tachycardia. Clinico-electrophysiological correlations permitted to detect the diverse symptoms of the nervous system lesions. The examinations established correlations between the focal neurological symptoms, the zone of ischemia in the basin of certain arteris and the EEG and REG data. These correlations point to the localization of dyscirulatory disorders, changes in the functional state of the meso-diencephalo-reticular-stem structures and disturbances of cortico-subcortical-stem relationship.