RESUMO
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenyl-phosphonium (SkQ1) as well as insulin and the inhibitor of glycogen-synthase kinase, Li(+) are shown to (i) protect renal tubular cells from an apoptotic death and (ii) diminish mitochondrial fission (the thread-grain transition) induced by ischemia/reoxygenation. However, SkQ1 and LiCl protected the mitochondrial reticulum of skin fibroblasts from ultraviolet-induced fission but were ineffective in preventing a further cell death. This means that mitochondrial fission is not essential for apoptotic cascade progression.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Apoptose , Citoproteção , Insulina/farmacologia , Cloreto de Lítio/farmacologia , Mitocôndrias/ultraestrutura , Plastoquinona/análogos & derivados , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Epitélio/efeitos dos fármacos , Epitélio/efeitos da radiação , Epitélio/ultraestrutura , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/efeitos da radiação , Fibroblastos/ultraestrutura , Quinases da Glicogênio Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Túbulos Renais/efeitos dos fármacos , Túbulos Renais/efeitos da radiação , Túbulos Renais/ultraestrutura , Mitocôndrias/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitocôndrias/efeitos da radiação , Oxigênio/metabolismo , Plastoquinona/farmacologia , Ratos , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Pele/ultraestrutura , Raios UltravioletaRESUMO
The signaling function of mitochondria is considered with a special emphasis on their role in the regulation of redox status of the cell, possibly determining a number of pathologies including cancer and aging. The review summarizes the transport role of mitochondria in energy supply to all cellular compartments (mitochondria as an electric cable in the cell), the role of mitochondria in plastic metabolism of the cell including synthesis of heme, steroids, iron-sulfur clusters, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Mitochondria also play an important role in the Ca(2+)-signaling and the regulation of apoptotic cell death. Knowledge of mechanisms responsible for apoptotic cell death is important for the strategy for prevention of unwanted degradation of postmitotic cells such as cardiomyocytes and neurons.
