Extracción renal en donante cadáver: revisión sistemática de la técnica quirúrgica / Deceased donor kidney procurement: systematic review of the surgical technique

Introducción El proceso de extracción renal debe ser una técnica estandarizada con el fin de optimizar las unidades renales para su posterior implante. Objetivos Revisión de la literatura disponible sobre el proceso de extracción renal. Material y métodos Revisión narrativa de la evidencia disponible sobre la técnica de extracción renal en paciente cadáver tras una búsqueda de los manuscritos relevantes indexados en PubMed, EMBASE y SciELO escritos en español e inglés. Resultados La extracción renal en paciente cadáver se divide en dos grupos, tras muerte encefálica (donation after brain death [DBD]) y tras muerte cardiaca (donation after circulatory death [DCD]). La extracción renal en DBD suele acompañarse de la extracción de otros órganos abdominales y/o torácicos, lo que requiere coordinación quirúrgica multidisciplinar. Durante el proceso de extracción debe asegurarse que los pedículos vasculares renales se mantienen íntegros para su posterior implante y disminuir el tiempo de isquemia. Conclusiones La ejecución adecuada y el perfecto conocimiento de la técnica quirúrgica de extracción y de la anatomía, permite disminuir el índice de pérdidas de injertos relacionados con una incorrecta extracción (AU)

Introduction Kidney procurement procedure must be carried out following a standardized technique in order to optimize kidney grafts for their subsequent implantation. Objectives Review of the available literatura on kidney procurement procedure. Material and methods Narrative review of the available evidence on deceased donor kidney procurement technique after a search of relevant manuscripts indexed in PubMed, EMBASE and Scielo written in English and Spanish. Result Deceased donor kidney procurement can be divided into two groups, donation after brain death (DBD) and donation after circulatory death (DCD). Kidney procurement in DBD frequently includes other chest and/or abdominal organs, requiring multidisciplinary surgical coordination. During the harvesting procedure, the renal vascular pedicle must remain intact for subsequent implantation and reduced ischemia time. Conclusions Adequate execution and perfect knowledge of the technique for surgical removal and anatomy reduces the rate of graft losses associated to inadequate harvesting techniques (AU)

Deceased donor kidney procurement: Systematic review of the surgical technique.

INTRODUCTION: Kidney procurement procedure must be carried out following a standardized technique in order to optimize kidney grafts for their subsequent implantation. OBJECTIVES: Review of the available literature on kidney procurement procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Narrative review of the available evidence on deceased donor kidney procurement technique after a search of relevant manuscripts indexed in PubMed, EMBASE and Scielo written in English and Spanish. RESULTS: Deceased donor kidney procurement can be divided into two groups, donation after brain death (DBD) and donation after circulatory death (DCD). Kidney procurement in DBD frequently includes other chest and/or abdominal organs, requiring multidisciplinary surgical coordination. During the harvesting procedure, the renal vascular pedicle must remain intact for subsequent implantation and reduced ischemia time. CONCLUSIONS: Adequate execution and perfect knowledge of the technique for surgical removal and anatomy reduces the rate of graft losses associated to inadequate harvesting techniques.

Complicaciones posquirúrgicas en los pacientes con tumor renal con trombosis venosa tratados con cirugía / Postsurgical complications in patients with renal tumours with venous thrombosis treated with surgery

Introducción y objetivo: La cirugía de los tumores renales con trombosis venosa está gravada con un porcentaje elevado de complicaciones y con una mortalidad perioperatoria no despreciable. Nuestro objetivo es analizar las complicaciones postoperatorias, su relación con el nivel del trombo y sus posibles factores favorecedores. Materiales y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de 101 pacientes con tumores renales con trombosis venosa intervenidos entre 1988 y 2017. Se descartaron 2 pacientes por TEP intraoperatorio y exitus (2%). Las complicaciones posquirúrgicas se clasificaron según Clavien-Dindo. Para el contraste de variables cualitativas se ha utilizado el test de la Chi cuadrado. Se realizó un análisis multivariante mediante regresión logística binaria para identificar las variables predictoras independientes. Resultados: En 34 (34,3%) pacientes se produjo algún tipo de complicación posquirúrgica, siendo en 11 (11,1%) graves (Clavien III-IV). Existen diferencias significativas en las complicaciones totales (p = 0,003) y las graves (Clavien≥III) (p = 0,03) según el nivel del trombo tumoral

Background and objective: Surgery on renal tumours with venous thrombosis suffers a high rate of complications and non-negligible perioperative mortality. Our objective was to analyse the postoperative complications, their relationship with the level of the thrombus and its potential predisposing factors. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 101 patients with renal tumours with venous thrombosis operated on between 1988 and 2017. Two patients were excluded because of intraoperative pulmonary thromboembolism and exitus (2%). The postsurgical complications were classified according to Clavien-Dindo. To compare the qualitative variables, we employed the chi-squared test. We performed a multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression to identify the independent predictors. Results: Some type of postsurgical complication occurred in 34 (34.3%) patients, 11 (11.1%) of which were severe (Clavien III-V). There were significant differences in the total complications (P = .003) and severe complications (Clavien ≥ III; P = .03) depending on the level of the tumour thrombus

Postsurgical complications in patients with renal tumours with venous thrombosis treated with surgery. / Complicaciones posquirúrgicas en los pacientes con tumor renal con trombosis venosa tratados con cirugía.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Surgery on renal tumours with venous thrombosis suffers a high rate of complications and non-negligible perioperative mortality. Our objective was to analyse the postoperative complications, their relationship with the level of the thrombus and its potential predisposing factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 101 patients with renal tumours with venous thrombosis operated on between 1988 and 2017. Two patients were excluded because of intraoperative pulmonary thromboembolism and exitus (2%). The postsurgical complications were classified according to Clavien-Dindo. To compare the qualitative variables, we employed the chi-squared test. We performed a multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression to identify the independent predictors. RESULTS: Some type of postsurgical complication occurred in 34 (34.3%) patients, 11 (11.1%) of which were severe (Clavien III-V). There were significant differences in the total complications (P=.003) and severe complications (Clavien≥III; P=.03) depending on the level of the tumour thrombus.