Brief Research Report: The Association Between Educational Experiences and Covid-19 Pandemic-Related Variables, and Mental Health Among Children and Adolescents.

Introduction: Mental health problems among children and adolescents are frequent. Today, the world is facing a pandemic with a novel coronavirus, which is related to the higher rates of mental problems reported worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the Covid-19 related experiences, educational experiences, and family functioning on mental health and wellbeing among children and adolescents in Chile during the Pandemic and lockdown health measures. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of the first wave of an ongoing longitudinal study among girls and boys of Pre-Kindergarten to 12th grade (4-18 years old) in Santiago, Chile. The sample consisted of 979 students from eight different schools. The method of data collection was online surveys administered to parents and adolescents. The dependent variables were mental health problems and wellbeing. Several independent variables were assessed (sociodemographic variables, Covid-19 related experiences, related educational experiences, and family functioning). A descriptive analysis and univariable and multivariable regression models were performed to study the association between variables. Results: Positive educational experiences, primarily academic self-concept, reduced the probability of mental health problems and increased wellbeing. Among covid-19 related variables, practicing meditation or praying reduced emotional problems, while having family or health problems increased emotional problems among adolescents. No clear association between Covid-19 related experiences variables among children was found. Conclusions: Our findings may help educational and public health authorities to plan future school preventive interventions to improve mental health and wellbeing in this population.

Clinical practice guidelines: Oral health care for children and adults living with epidermolysis bullosa.

BACKGROUND: Inherited epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a genetic disorder characterized by skin fragility and unique oral features. AIMS: To provide (a) a complete review of the oral manifestations in those living with each type of inherited EB, (b) the current best practices for managing oral health care of people living with EB, (c) the current best practices on dental implant-based oral rehabilitation for patients with recessive dystrophic EB (RDEB), and (d) the current best practice for managing local anesthesia, principles of sedation, and general anesthesia for children and adults with EB undergoing dental treatment. METHODS: Systematic literature search, panel discussion including clinical experts and patient representatives from different centers around the world, external review, and guideline piloting. RESULTS: This article has been divided into five chapters: (i) general information on EB for the oral health care professional, (ii) systematic literature review on the oral manifestations of EB, (iii) oral health care and dental treatment for children and adults living with EB-clinical practice guidelines, (iv) dental implants in patients with RDEB-clinical practice guidelines, and (v) sedation and anesthesia for adults and children with EB undergoing dental treatment-clinical practice guidelines. Each chapter provides recommendations on the management of the different clinical procedures within dental practice, highlighting the importance of patient-clinician partnership, impact on quality of life, and the importance of follow-up appointments. Guidance on the use on nonadhesive wound care products and emollients to reduce friction during patient care is provided. CONCLUSIONS: Oral soft and hard tissue manifestations of inherited EB have unique patterns of involvement associated with each subtype of the condition. Understanding each subtype individually will help the professionals plan long-term treatment approaches.

Problemas de salud mental de mujeres que se atienden en un centro de psiquiatría ambulatorio privado / Mental health problems in women who take care in an ambulatory private psychiatric center

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar cuáles son los problemas de salud mental más frecuentes que afectan a mujeres adultas entre veinte y sesenta y cinco años y por los que consultan en un centro de psiquiatría ambulatorio de carácter privado. Para novecientos noventa y nueve que pertenecían a mujeres que cumplían con los requisitos de edad. De un universo de 818 mujeres adultas consultantes se utilizaron en la investigación, 514 fichas, equivalente al 63 por ciento del universo, que estaban con datos completos. De las fichas se extrajeron datos de caracterización socioeconómica y demográfica, así como el motivo por el cuál consultaban, el tiempo que llevaban con el problema y la causa que las llevó a consultar en ese momento. También se obtuvo el diagnóstico multiaxial, realizado por el médico al ingreso de la paciente al centro de psiquiatría. Los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados encontrándose que el principal motivo de consulta referido por las mujeres es la presencia de síntomas físicos y psicológicos con un 41,1 por ciento seguido por depresión con un 24,9 por ciento. Además se destaca que las mujeres refieren que el problema a situación que gatilla la consulta en ese momento es principalmente la necesidad de ayuda con un 26,8 por ciento. Según el diagnóstico multiaxial realizado por el médico al momento de la consulta, se encontró que un 69,9 por ciento de las mujeres se les diagnostica un trastorno del estado de ánimo, ya sea como trastorno único o asociado principalmente a trastornos de ansiedad