A New Supramolecular Tetraruthenated Cobalt (II) Porphyrazine Displaying Outstanding Electrocatalytical Performance in Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

A new supramolecular electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) was synthesized from a central multibridging cobalt tetrapyridylporphyrazine (CoTPyPz) species by attaching four [Ru(bpy)2Cl]+ groups. Both CoTPyPz and the tetraruthenated cobalt porphyrazine species, TRuCoTPyPz, form very homogenous molecular films just by dropcasting their methanol solutions onto GCE electrodes. Such films exhibited low overpotentials for O2 evolution, e.g., 560 e 340 mV, respectively, displaying high stability, typically exceeding 15 h. The kinetic parameters obtained from the Tafel plots showed that the peripheral complexes are very important for the electrocatalytic activity. Hyperspectral Raman images taken along the electrochemical process demonstrated that the cobalt center is the primary active catalyst site, but its performance is enhanced by the ruthenium complexes, which act as electron-donating groups, in the supramolecular system.

'To prevent this disease, we have to stay at home, but if we stay at home, we die of hunger' - Livelihoods, vulnerability and coping with Covid-19 in rural Mozambique.

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as social distancing and travel restrictions have been introduced to prevent the spread of the novel coronavirus (hereinafter Covid). In many countries of the Global South, NPIs are affecting rural livelihoods, but in-depth empirical data on these impacts are limited. We traced the differentiated impacts of Covid NPIs throughout the start of the pandemic May to July 2020. We conducted qualitative weekly phone interviews (n = 441) with 92 panelists from nine contrasting rural communities across Mozambique (3-7 study weeks), exploring how panelists' livelihoods changed and how the NPIs intersected with existing vulnerabilities, and created new exposures. The NPIs significantly re-shaped many livelihoods and placed greatest burdens on those with precarious incomes, women, children and the elderly, exacerbating existing vulnerabilities. Transport and trading restrictions and rising prices for consumables including food meant some respondents were concerned about dying not of Covid, but of hunger because of the disruptions caused by NPIs. No direct health impacts of the pandemic were reported in these communities during our interview period. Most market-orientated income diversification strategies largely failed to provide resilience to the NPI shocks. The exception was one specific case linked to a socially-minded value chain for baobab, where a strong duty of care helped avoid the collapse of incomes seen elsewhere. In contrast, agricultural and charcoal value chains either collapsed or saw producer prices and volumes reduced. The hyper-covariate, unprecedented nature of the shock caused significant restrictions on livelihoods through trading and transport limits and thus a region-wide decline in cash generation opportunities, which was seen as being unlike any prior shock. The scale of human-made interventions and their repercussions thus raises questions about the roles of institutional actors, diversification and socially-minded trading partners in addressing coping and vulnerability both conceptually and in policy-making.

Rhabdomyolysis Episode in an Individual with McArdle's Disease after Low Aerobic Exercise.

McArdle's disease, known as blockage of muscle glycogen metabolism, is characterized by glycogen accumulation of chains in skeletal striated muscles. One of the typical symptoms of the disease is the feeling of intolerance to exercise. Severe muscle cram and contracture, which often cause stiffness, occur due to a lack of muscle energy substrate during the exercise. These factors can lead to muscle damage, myoglobinuria, and, in severe cases, renal failure and rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome that presents injury and necrosis of muscle cells leading to the release of intracellular material to the circulatory system. The present study aimed to report rhabdomyolysis in an individual with McArdle's disease after exercise of walking with low intensity. Patient, aged 33 years, was treated in the emergency room of a hospital located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. After performing a full lap on the block of home (~500 m in ~4 min 37 s), walking at a moderate speed (~6.5 km/h), the individual felt sick and was rescued, later being hospitalized. The examinations collected presented hematocrit (HCT) compatible with chronic disease anemia and myoglobinuria. The patient was discharged from the intensive care center on the 3rd day, after a 45% drop in creatine kinase. The patient described in the present study achieved full recovery. Attention to symptoms, early diagnosis, and immediate treatment made it possible to interrupt the development of complications caused by rhabdomyolysis, not allowing progression to acute renal failure.

Contributions of RNA-seq to improve in vitro embryo production (IVP).

In Vitro Embryo Production (IVP) is widely used to improve the reproductive efficiency of livestock animals, however increasing the embryo development rates and pregnancy outcomes is still a challenge for some species. Thus, the lack of biological knowledge hinders developing specie-specific IVP protocols. Therefore, the contributions of RNA-seq to generate relevant biological knowledge and improve the efficiency of IVP in livestock animals are reviewed herein.

Effect of different recovery methods in strength training on performance and perceived exertion / Efecto de diferentes métodos de recuperación en entrenamiento de fuerza en la ejecución y percepción del esfuerzo / Efeito de distintos métodos de recuperação no treinamento de força sobre o desempenho e percepção subjetiva de esforço

Objective: The study verified the acute influences of distinct recovery methods between sets on repetition performance and rate of perceived effort. Method: Twenty six trained men (20.61 ± 2.95 years; 73.72 ± 5.91 kg; 175.00 ± 5.14 cm; 9.54 ± 3.86%Fat) performed test and re-test of ten repetitions maxims, on non-consecutive days, for the bench press exercise. Four sets of ten repetitions maxims on bench press were performed with 2 min of rest between sets for distinct recovery methods: passive recovery and active recovery (run performed on a treadmill at 45% of maximum oxygen consumption). Results: No differences were found between the passive recovery (25.50 ± 3.13) and the active recovery (26.07 ± 2.46) for the total number of completed repetitions (p = 0.181). Additionally, the area under the curve did not show any difference between passive recovery (47.05 ± 6.98 reps min−1) and active recovery (48.03 ± 5.46 reps min−1). Important reductions were observed for each subsequent set for both recoveries methods (p = 0.0001). The perceived effort data shown important increase from the second set for passive recovery (p = 0.0001) and active recovery (p = 0.001). Conclusion: No differences were observed between different recovery methods

Objetivo: El estudio verificó la influencia de los métodos de recuperación entre series en el desempeño de las repeticiones y la percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo. Método: Veintiséis hombres entrenados (20.61 ± 2.95 años; 73.72 ± 5.91 kg; 175.00 ± 5.14 cm; %G = 9.54 ± 3.86%) realizaron el test y un retest de la prueba de 10 repeticiones máximas, en días no consecutivos, para el ejercicio de press de banca. Se realizaron cuatro series en press de banca de diez repeticiones máximas con intervalo de dos minutos y con métodos de recuperación distintos: recuperación pasiva y recuperación activa (carrera continua en tapiz rodante al 45% del consumo de oxígeno máximo). Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias entre la recuperación pasiva (25.50 ± 3.13) y la recuperación activa (26.07 ± 2.46) para el número total de repeticiones completadas (p = 0.181). Además, el área bajo la curva no muestra diferencias significativas entre recuperación pasiva (47.05 ± 6.98 reps/min) y recuperación activa (48.03 ± 5.46 reps/min). Se observaron reducciones importantes durante las series sucesivas para ambas recuperaciones (p = 0.0001). Los datos de la percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo muestran aumentos importantes a partir de la segunda serie para la recuperación pasiva (p = 0.0001) y para la recuperación activa (p = 0.001). Conclusión: No se observaron diferencias entre los distintos métodos de recuperación

Objetivo: O estudo verificou a influência de diferentes formas de recuperação entre séries, no desempenho das repetições e percepção subjetiva de esforço. Método: Vinte e seis homens treinados (20.61 ± 2.95 anos; 73.72 ± 5.91 kg; 175.0 ± 5.14 cm; %G = 9.54 ± 3.86) realizaram teste e reteste de dez repetições máximas no supino horizontal, em dias não consecutivos. Foram executadas quatro séries no supino horizontal para dez repetições máximas, com intervalo de dois minutos e com diferentes procedimentos de recuperação: recuperação passiva e recuperação ativa (corrida realizada em esteira ergométrica a 45% do consumo máximo de oxigênio). Resultados: Nenhuma diferença foi observada entre a recuperação passiva (25.50 ± 3.13) e a recuperação ativa (26.07 ± 2.46) para o número total de repetições completadas (p = 0.181). Adicionalmente, a área sob a curva não apresentou diferenças significativas entre a recuperação passiva (47.05 ± 6.98 reps/min) comparada com a recuperação ativa (48.03 ± 5.46 reps/min). Reduções importantes ocorreram durante as séries subsequentes para ambas as recuperações (p = 0.0001). Os dados da percepção subjetiva de esforço apresentaram importantes elevações a partir da segunda série para a recuperação passiva (p = 0.0001) e para a recuperação ativa (p = 0.001). Conclusão: Concluímos que não ocorreram diferenças entre os distintos métodos de recuperação

Role for apolipoprotein E in neurodegeneration and mercury intoxication.

Mercury intoxication is a serious public health problem and a worldwide concern. The Minamata Convention on Mercury has been signed by 128 countries and endorsed by the World Health Organization with the recommendation of promoting the management of epidemiological information. The Central Nervous System is the main target organ for mercury. Symptoms of intoxication include altered motor coordination, visual and tactile dysfunction and paralysis, caused by neurodegeneration with a key role for oxidative damage. Recently, some studies have demonstrated a correlation between mercury intoxication and isoforms of apolipoprotein E (ApoE). In this review, epidemiological data and hypotheses about the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the association between ApoE and mercury intoxication are assessed. Based on the evidence and the neuropathological changes that the presence of ApoE4 and mercury neurotoxicity have in common, we propose a convergent action of both factors. ApoE4 seems to potentiate the damage caused by mercury. Increased knowledge of this interaction using epidemiological and pre-clinical studies is essential to improve prevention strategies to adequately manage intoxicated patients.

Effects of verbal encouragement on performance of the multistage 20 m shuttle run / Efeitos do incentivo verbal no desempenho do teste de multiestágios de 20 m

Exertion tests for predicting maximal oxygen uptake (VO2) intend to estimate the person maximum performance. Some articles mention the verbal encouragement in their protocol to reach it, while others do not. The objective of the present study is to observe the influence of verbal encouragement every 60 s used by a coach on maximal oxygen uptake, distances covered and final heart rate of adolescents. 12 young male volunteers (aged 16.7±0.45 years) were subjected to a multistage 20 m shuttle run test twice, with a week interval between each test. Half of the sample was given incentives during the first test, and the other half, only in the second test. Significant differences in maximal oxygen uptake ( % = 5.14%, p = 0.009), distances covered ( % = 9.23%, p = 0.03) and final heart rate ( % = 3.21%, p = 0.03) were observed between the two groups, with and without verbal encouragement. The verbal encouragement improved the performance in the test for the three parameters analyzed.

Testes de esforço, como os de aferição do consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2), pretendem medir o desempenho máximo do indivíduo. Muitos artigos mencionam no seu protocolo o incentivo para este fim, enquanto outros não. O objetivo deste estudo é observar a influência do incentivo verbal do treinador a cada 60 s sobre o consumo máximo de oxigênio, a distância percorrida e a frequência cardíaca final obtidos por adolescentes no teste de multiestágios de 20 m. Doze jovens voluntários (16,7±0,45 anos) foram submetidos ao teste de multiestágios de 20 m duas vezes com um espaço de uma semana entre os testes. Metade dos sujeitos foi incentivada na primeira semana, enquanto os outros foram incentivados na segunda semana. Foram observadas diferenças significativas no consumo máximo de oxigênio (%=5,14%, p= 0,009), distância percorrida (% = 9,23%, p = 0,03) e frequência cardíaca final (%= 3,21%, p= 0,03) entre os desempenhos com incentivo e sem incentivo. O incentivo verbal melhorou o desempenho no teste nos três parâmetros observados.

Adoecimento psíquico de trabalhadores de unidades de terapia intensiva / Enfermamiento psíquico de trabajadores de unidades de terapia intensiva / Mental illness of workers in intensive care units

As unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) podem ser consideradas um dos setores mais agressivos e sobrecarregados em hospitais. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender aspectos da organização do trabalho que podem estar associados ao adoecimento psíquico em trabalhadores da saúde de UTIs e às estratégias defensivas utilizadas, com a utilização do método misto. A partir de um estudo quantitativo com profissionais da área de enfermagem que atuam nesse setor, recrutados de dois hospitais privados da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS, foram entrevistados oito sujeitos com adoecimento mental (depressão e/ou burnout). Nos resultados, destacaram-se: pouco reconhecimento e apoio no trabalho, sobrecarga de trabalho, trabalhar no turno noturno (prejuízo no sono), dificuldades de relacionamento com chefia, crise ética entre seus valores e questões profissionais, rigidez institucional e dificuldade de lidar com a morte. Nas estratégias utilizadas, apareceram a negação e a banalização do sofrimento, a racionalização e a fuga. Salienta-se a necessidade de uma escuta qualificada e de apoio institucional para esse profissional, que se encontra em sofrimento psíquico extremo.(AU)

The intensive care units (ICUs) can be considered as one of the most aggressive and overloaded sectors in hospitals. This research had the objective of understanding the aspects of work organization which may be associated to the psychic illness in ICUs (intensive care units) health employees and their defensive strategies. The mixed method was used. From a quantitative study with nursing professionals who work in this sector in two private hospitals in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre - RS, eight subjects with mental sickness (depression or burnout) were interviewed. In the results, certain aspects can be highlighted: few acknowledgement and support at work, work overload, working in the night shift (lack of sleep), relationship difficulties with the management, ethical issues between values and professional aspects, institutional rigidities, and difficulty in dealing with death. In the strategies used, denial and banalization of suffering, rationalization and escape can be stressed. We point out the necessity of qualified assistance and institutional support for this professional, who is in deep psychic suffering.(AU)

Las unidades de terapia intensiva (Utis) pueden ser consideradas uno de los sectores más agresivos y sobrecargados en hospitales. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender aspectos de la organización del trabajo que pueden estar asociados al enfermamiento psíquico en trabajadores de la salud de Utis y a las estrategias defensivas utilizadas, con la utilización del método mixto. Desde un estudio cuantitativo con profesionales del área de enfermería que actúan en ese sector, reclutados de dos hospitales privados de la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS, fueron entrevistados ocho sujetos con enfermamiento mental (depresión y/o burnout). En los resultados, se destacaron: poco reconocimiento y apoyo en el trabajo, sobrecarga de trabajo, trabajar en el turno nocturno (perjuicio en el sueño), dificultades de relación con los jefes, crisis ética entre sus valores y cuestiones profesionales, rigidez institucional y dificultad de manejar la muerte. En las estrategias utilizadas, aparecieron la negación y la banalización del sufrimiento, la racionalización y la fuga. Se destaca la necesidad de una escucha calificada y de apoyo institucional para ese profesional, que se encuentra en sufrimiento psíquico extremo.(AU)

Adoecimento psíquico de trabalhadores de unidades de terapia intensiva / Enfermamiento psíquico de trabajadores de unidades de terapia intensiva / Mental illness of workers in intensive care units

As unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) podem ser consideradas um dos setores mais agressivos e sobrecarregados em hospitais. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender aspectos da organização do trabalho que podem estar associados ao adoecimento psíquico em trabalhadores da saúde de UTIs e às estratégias defensivas utilizadas, com a utilização do método misto. A partir de um estudo quantitativo com profissionais da área de enfermagem que atuam nesse setor, recrutados de dois hospitais privados da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS, foram entrevistados oito sujeitos com adoecimento mental (depressão e/ou burnout). Nos resultados, destacaram-se: pouco reconhecimento e apoio no trabalho, sobrecarga de trabalho, trabalhar no turno noturno (prejuízo no sono), dificuldades de relacionamento com chefia, crise ética entre seus valores e questões profissionais, rigidez institucional e dificuldade de lidar com a morte. Nas estratégias utilizadas, apareceram a negação e a banalização do sofrimento, a racionalização e a fuga. Salienta-se a necessidade de uma escuta qualificada e de apoio institucional para esse profissional, que se encontra em sofrimento psíquico extremo.

The intensive care units (ICUs) can be considered as one of the most aggressive and overloaded sectors in hospitals. This research had the objective of understanding the aspects of work organization which may be associated to the psychic illness in ICUs (intensive care units) health employees and their defensive strategies. The mixed method was used. From a quantitative study with nursing professionals who work in this sector in two private hospitals in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre - RS, eight subjects with mental sickness (depression or burnout) were interviewed. In the results, certain aspects can be highlighted: few acknowledgement and support at work, work overload, working in the night shift (lack of sleep), relationship difficulties with the management, ethical issues between values and professional aspects, institutional rigidities, and difficulty in dealing with death. In the strategies used, denial and banalization of suffering, rationalization and escape can be stressed. We point out the necessity of qualified assistance and institutional support for this professional, who is in deep psychic suffering.

Las unidades de terapia intensiva (Utis) pueden ser consideradas uno de los sectores más agresivos y sobrecargados en hospitales. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender aspectos de la organización del trabajo que pueden estar asociados al enfermamiento psíquico en trabajadores de la salud de Utis y a las estrategias defensivas utilizadas, con la utilización del método mixto. Desde un estudio cuantitativo con profesionales del área de enfermería que actúan en ese sector, reclutados de dos hospitales privados de la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS, fueron entrevistados ocho sujetos con enfermamiento mental (depresión y/o burnout). En los resultados, se destacaron: poco reconocimiento y apoyo en el trabajo, sobrecarga de trabajo, trabajar en el turno nocturno (perjuicio en el sueño), dificultades de relación con los jefes, crisis ética entre sus valores y cuestiones profesionales, rigidez institucional y dificultad de manejar la muerte. En las estrategias utilizadas, aparecieron la negación y la banalización del sufrimiento, la racionalización y la fuga. Se destaca la necesidad de una escucha calificada y de apoyo institucional para ese profesional, que se encuentra en sufrimiento psíquico extremo.

Adequabilidade dos principais modelos de periodização do treinamento esportivo / The adequability's of main models of periodization of training / Adaptabilidad de los principales modelos de periodización del entrenamiento deportivo

O estudo identificou, sob o prisma da adequabilidade, qual o melhor modelo de periodização do treinamento esportivo (PTE). Foram considerados dois indicadores: a estrutura da periodização e a forma de modulação da carga. Foi utilizada a metanálise como ferramenta metodológica. 103 citações foram levantadas numa pesquisa sistemática, em bases de dados. A avaliação pelos critérios estabelecidos indicou cinco modelos de PTE passíveis de estudo. A análise estatística, empregando o tamanho efeito (TE), gerou um Índice de Adequabilidade (IADEQ) e a classificação dos modelos em: Muito Bom - Matveev (IADEQ = 3,44; TE = 1,13); Bom - Verkhoshansky (IADEQ = 2,88; TE = 0,57), Bompa (IADEQ = 2,66; TE = 0,34) e Regular - ATR (IADEQ = 1,96; TE = -0,37), Forteza (IADEQ = 2,25; TE = -0,07).

The aim of this study was to identify using the adequability pattern method, which model of periodization suite better to sport training observed at bibliographic research. It utilized as indicators the structure of periodization and the modulation pattern of workload. The methodological tool of this study was meta-analysis. Were appraised 103 citations. Analysis of the collected material, assessed through the statistic tool size-effect (TE made it possible to established an Adequability Index (IADEQ) and then, categorize the models as : Very Good - Matveev (IADEQ = 3,44; TE = 1,13); Good - Verkhoshansky (IADEQ = 2,88; TE = 0,57), Bompa (IADEQ = 2,66; TE = 0,34) e Regular - ATR (IADEQ = 1,96; TE = -0,37), Forteza (IADEQ = 2,25; TE = -0,07).

El estudio identificó, bajo prisma de la adaptabilidad, cual es lo mejor modelo de periodización del entrenamiento deportivo (PTE). Fueron considerados dos indicadores: la estructura de la periodización y la forma de modulación de la carga. Fue utilizada la metanálisis como herramienta metodológica. 103 citaciones habían sido levantadas. La evaluación por los criterios establecidos indicó cinco modelos de PTE pasibles de estudio. El análisis estadístico, empleando el tamaño efecto (TE), generó un Índice de Adaptabilidad (IADEQ, y la clasificación de los modelos en: Muy Bueno - Matveev (IADEQ = 3,44; TE = 1,13); Bueno - Verkhoshansky (IADEQ = 2,88; TE = 0,57), Bompa (IADEQ = 2,66; TE = 0,34) y Regular - ATR (IADEQ = 1,96; TE = -0,37), Forteza (IADEQ = 2,25; TE = -0,07).