Post-COVID syndrome: A prospective study in a tertiary hospital of Nepal.

INTRODUCTION: The post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome is defined as the persistence of symptoms after viral clearance and the emergence of new symptoms after a few months following recovery from COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome and the risk factors that contribute to its development. METHODS: This study was conducted prospectively in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH), located in Maharajgunj, Kathmandu. The patients were followed up for three months. RESULTS: The post-COVID status of 300 patients admitted to the COVID emergency of TUTH was studied. The mean age of the patients was 46.6±15.7 years, and the proportion of male (56%) was slightly higher than female (44%). Most of the patients (81.7%) had fever on their presentation to the emergency which was followed by fatigue (81.3%) and cough (78.3%). During the post-COVID phase, fatigue was the most common persistent symptom, with 34% experiencing fatigue after 60 days and 28.3% even after 90 days from the onset of symptoms. Univariate logistic regression showed sore throat (OR 4.6; 95% CI (2.8-7.6)), rhinitis (OR 3.6; 95% CI (2.1-5.9)), fatigue (OR 3.7; 95% CI (1.8-7.6)), diarrhea (OR 4.1; 95% CI (2.4-6.9)), anosmia (OR 6.7; 95% CI (3.9-11.3)), ageusia (OR 7.8; 95% CI (4.5-13.4)) and shortness of breath (OR 14.9; 95% CI (1.8-119.6)) at admission were all predictors of post-COVID syndrome after three months. CONCLUSION: Even after recovering from COVID-19, people with COVID-19 may develop symptoms. As a result, COVID-19's long-term consequences should not be neglected, as they may lead to increased morbidity among patients, consumption of financial resources, and added burden on the health system.

Anchored fallopian tube through the drain tube: A rare case report.

Anchored fallopian tube through the drain tube is rare. We present a case of a 27-year-old female patient who underwent right salpingectomy with the fenestrated drain tube in the pelvic cavity. Postoperatively, the drain could not be removed. Laparotomy revealed the left fallopian tube entering through the fenestration of the drain tube.

Optic neuropathy induced by ethambutol: A rare case from Nepal.

Introduction: Ethambutol is a drug used against tuberculosis and causes side effects like problems with vision, which may lead to optic neuropathy. It has a low prevalence of 1% and typically develops after 4-12 months of its medications. Case presentation: Here, we report a case of a 42-year-old male with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy after six weeks of initiations of ethambutol. Discussion: Nutritional and tobacco/alcohol, ischemia, compressive, demyelinating, and genetic optic neuropathies were all ruled out as differential diagnosis for toxic optic neuropathy. Because our patient did not have vasculopathy and his vision loss was progressive on follow up and bilateral, rather than acute and unilateral, as is more usual with an ischemic disease, ischemic optic neuropathy was ruled out. Finally, because hereditary optic neuropathy usually manifests at a younger age and is expressed in many generations which was not the case in our patient, it was effectively ruled out as the cause of optic neuropathy. Conclusion: This case highlights that ethambutol toxicity is rare in cases of new onset pulmonary tuberculosis where ethambutol has been administered for only 2 months.