[Autonomic regulation at emotional stress under hypoxic conditions in the elderly with physiological and accelerated aging: effect of hypoxic training].

The effect of hypoxic training on autonomic regulation in psycho-emotional stress conditions in hypoxic conditions in older people with physiological (25 people) and accelerated (28 people) aging respiratory system. It is shown that hypoxic training leads to an increase in vagal activity indicators (HF) and reduced simpatovagal index (LF/HF), have a normalizing effect on the autonomic balance during stress loads in older people with different types of aging respiratory system.

[Characteristics of the sympathoadrenal system response to psychoemotional stress under hypoxic conditions in aged people with physiological and accelerated aging of the respiratory system].

The peculiarities of the response of the sympathoadrenal system to psychoemotional and hypoxic stress in healthy young people and in aged people with physiological and accelerated aging of respiratory system were studied. It was shown that in aging a more pronounced response of the sympathoadrenal system to psychoemotional stress. At the same time, elderly people with different types of aging of the respiratory system did not demonstrate a difference in the response of the sympathoadrenal system to psychoemotional stress. Unlike in young people, in aged people, combination of psychoemotional and hypoxic stresses resulted in further activation of the sympathoadrenal system. The reaction of the sympathoadrenal system was more expressed in elderly people with accelerated ageing of the respiratory system.

[Effect of positive expiratory pressure on pulmonary gas exchange in elderly people with accelerated aging].

The reaction of cerebral blood flow during breathing with positive end expiratory pressure in elderly people with physiological (24 pers.) and accelerated (26 pers.) aging of the respiratory system were studied. It is shown that in people with accelerated aging of the respiratory system some resistance to expiration improves the efficiency of gas exchange in the lungs. However, breathing with considerable resistance to expiration (15 mm water column) in people with accelerated aging of the respiratory system, causing depression of gas exchange in the lungs. Found that people with accelerated aging of the respiratory system decreased pulmonary gas exchange response to breathing resistance expiration.

[Individual characteristics of human adaptation to intermittent hypoxia: possible role of genetic mechanisms].

The majority of the adaptation processes to hypoxia is based on transcriptional regulation by hypoxia-inducible factors--HIFs. Recently the allele polymorphism of oxygen-dependent degradation domain of HIF-lalpha has been described. It consists in the replacement of cytosine for thymine in 1772 location (C1772-->T). The physiological significance of such replacement is obscure. In the investigation of 26 healthy elderly subjects (58.5 +/- 0.7 yr) we tried to verify whether HIF-lalpha polymorphism in exon 12 may identify individual features of adaptation to intermittent hypoxia training (IHT) (isocapnic hypoxic rebreathing technique, 5-min sessions with 5 min rest intervals, 3 times daily during 10 days). The distribution of HIF-l alpha genotypes for C1772-->T were studied by using the polymerase chain reaction and restriction analysis. We detected that all subjects from the group had C/C genotype. Meanwhile, the broad spectrum of adaptive reactions to IHT was observed, from the best adaptation up to disadaptation. IHT enhanced HVRs in the range of 167% - 5%, blood malon dialdehyde content varied from a decrease by 46% up to an increase by 88%, the changes of superoxide dismutase activity varied from +64% to -56% etc. These results suggest that the C1772-->T polymorphism in HIF- 1alpha does not contribute to individual peculiarities of adaptation to IHT. Because the activity of HIF-lalpha is regulated by multiple steps including the transcriptional level, the effect of the polymorphism in enother exons on the adaptive reactions remains to be elucidated.

[Age peculiarities of cardiorespiratory system reaction to hypoxia].

Age peculiarities of cardiorespiratory system reactions on isocapnic hypoxia (inhalation of gas mixture of 12% O2) have been investigated. It has been stated that breathing with hypoxic mixture resulted in more significant shift of O2 blood saturation, AP and autonomic balance in the elderly people (p < 0.05) comparing to the young people. It testifies to a greater intensity of sympathoadrenal system at hypoxic stress in elderly people that confirms the decrease of their tolerance to hypoxia.

[Age factor in tissue respiration of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. / Vikovi osoblyvosti tkanynnoho dykhannia u khvorykh na khronichnyi obstruktyvnyi bronkhit.

The changes of oxygen exchange in tissues with the patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) of elderly (60 persons) and mature (20 persons) age, and also with practically healthy young (20 persons) and elderly (20 persons) people were investigated. The tissue oxygen tension was defined in the hypodermic fat of the left forearm by the polarographic method by Polarograph "LP-7" (Czechoslovakia) with functional tests with 10-minutes inhalation of oxygen and cross-clamping of the vessels of the left forearm during 10 minutes, that has allowed to characterize the major factors determining the oxygen exchange in tissues--delivery and consumption of oxygen. It was marked, that the changes of oxygen exchange in tissues with aging and with COB were unidirectional. The efficiency of this process is reduced, that leads to the development of tissue hypoxia. The intensity of tissue respiration decreases more evidently for the elderly COB patients in comparison with the COB patients of mature age.