RESUMO
Drug metabolism/disposition and transporter genes may influence predisposition or prognosis of AML (acute myeloid leukemia) patients. We analyzed polymorphisms in 3 transporters and 4 drug metabolism genes in 293 Israeli individuals (112 AML patients and 181 controls). We analyzed: ABCC3 (MRP3) C-211T; ABCG2 (BCRP) C421A; CNT1 (SLC28A1) G565A and NAT1, NAT2, and GSTT1 and GSTM1 null alleles for influence on predisposition, as well as treatment response and survival. We found that the ABCC3 C-211T polymorphism and GSTM1 null genotype have adverse prognostic significance in AML. None of the other polymorphisms studied were found to influence either predisposition or prognosis in Israeli AML patients.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Membro 2 da Subfamília G de Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP , Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Alelos , Arilamina N-Acetiltransferase/genética , Primers do DNA , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Glutationa Transferase/genética , Humanos , Isoenzimas/genética , Israel/epidemiologia , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas Associadas à Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
alpha-Thalassemia is among the world's most common single gene disorders, which is most prevalent in the malaria belt. This geographic distribution has been attributed to a selective advantage of heterozygotes against this disease. Unexpectedly, we have found a high frequency of heterozygosity for deletional alpha-thalassemia (-alpha3.7) in Ashkenazi Jews (carrier frequency of 7.9%, allele frequency of 0.04). This population has resided in temperate climates for many centuries and was therefore not subjected to malarial selection pressure. In comparison, heterozygosity for beta-thalassemia, which is highly subject to malarial selection pressure, is very low (estimated <0.1%) in this group. It is possible that founder effect and genetic drift have contributed to the high frequency of deletional alpha-thalassemia in Ashkenazim, as may occur in closed populations. Alternatively, we hypothesize that positive selection pressure for an as yet unknown linked allele on chromosome 16 may be a significant factor leading to this high frequency.
