RESUMO
The hypothesis of this article is that drivers will not adjust their behavior, i.e. drivers are not expected to increase their speed, reduce their concentration or travel more when road lighting is installed. The hypothesis was based on previous research showing that road lighting reduces road accidents and that average driving speeds do not increase when road lighting is installed. Our results show that drivers do compensate for road lighting in terms of increased speed and reduced concentration. Consequently, the hypothesis is rejected. This means that road lighting could have a somewhat larger accident-reducing effect, if compensation could be avoided. The fact that previous research has found no change in average speed when road lighting is introduced, seems to be explained by increased driving speeds by some drivers being counterbalanced by a larger proportion of more slowly driving groups of drivers (elderly people and women), i.e. different subgroups of road users compensate in different ways.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito/prevenção & controle , Iluminação , Aceleração , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Atenção , Ritmo Circadiano , Adaptação à Escuridão , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Noruega , Fatores de RiscoAssuntos
Densidade Óssea , Reabsorção Óssea/induzido quimicamente , Transplante de Coração/imunologia , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Tacrolimo/efeitos adversos , Reabsorção Óssea/epidemiologia , Reabsorção Óssea/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Fraturas Ósseas/epidemiologia , Transplante de Coração/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Change of road user attitudes is often advocated as a necessary condition for improvement of road safety. The relation between road user attitudes and accident risk is, however, not well known in road safety research. The objective of this study was to find out whether attitudes are of importance to road safety, i.e. the hypothesis is that drivers having attitudes considered correct according to the traffic code, have lower accident risk than other drivers. The attitudes of a representative sample of Norwegian driver's license holders as well as their accident involvement and driving distance were surveyed by mail questionnaires in two phases. When no other factor is taken into account, accident risk is found to be affected by driver attitudes. When, on the other hand, the age of drivers is taken into account, the relation between attitudes and accident risk disappears. It is concluded that age and annual mileage are more important to accident risk than are attitudes, and more knowledge of the relationship between attitudes and road accident risk is needed.