Enhanced vs conventional monofocal intraocular lens clinical results in patients with cataract: randomized clinical trial.

PURPOSE: To compare clinical outcomes between an enhanced and a conventional monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) after cataract surgery. SETTING: Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital del Salvador, University of Chile (tertiary care hospital). DESIGN: Double-masked, prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS: 66 healthy adults with corneal astigmatism less than 1.50 diopters and axial length between 21 and 27 mm were randomly allocated (1:1) for bilateral phacoemulsification with either an enhanced monofocal IOL (ICB00) or a conventional aspheric monofocal IOL (ZCB00) implant. The refractive target was emmetropia in both eyes. Visual acuities, defocus curves, Catquest-9SF, and quality of vision (QoV) were measured 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Binocular uncorrected intermediate visual acuity was improved in patients implanted with the enhanced monofocal lens (0.37 ± 0.12) compared with the conventional monofocal (0.45 ± 0.10) ( P < .01). There were no significant differences in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), Catquest-9SF, or QoV scores. CONCLUSIONS: The enhanced monofocal IOL provided 1 additional line of intermediate visual acuity after cataract surgery. There was no significant change in either CDVA or QoV.

Pregnancy outcomes in women with Multiple Sclerosis.

INTRODUCTION: Women represent two-thirds of the MS population and are usually diagnosed during childbearing age. Collection of local information about pregnancy outcomes is fundamental to support individual decision-making. OBJECTIVE: To explore the trends in pregnancy decision making and pregnancy outcomes before (PreMS) and after (PostMS) MS diagnosis. METHODS: We developed a questionnaire for retrospective assessment of pregnancy outcomes in PreMS and PostMS patients under regular care at the Programa de Esclerosis Multiple UC in Chile. RESULTS: From the 218 women who responded to the questionnaire, 67 women did not have pregnancies. The total number of pregnancies registered was 299, 223 were PreMS (97 women, mean 2.5 ± 1.3 per/woman), and 76 PostMS (59 women, mean 1.9 ± 1.1 per/woman, p = 0.003). Mean age at first pregnancy was 27.6 ± 6.2 in PreMS, and 32.6 ± 4.6 years in PostMS women (p < 0.001). Significant differences between PreMS and PostMS pregnancy outcomes were cesarean section (37% vs. 66%; OR 2.74 95%CI(1.5-52), p=0.002), suspected relapse during 6 months after birth (7% vs. 18%, p<0.001), and breastfeeding (83% vs 67%, p=0.005). Gestational age, weight/size at birth, were not different between groups. Major malformations were observed similarly in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in pregnancy decision-making after MS diagnosis occur, having fewer children and at an older age. It also changes obstetrician decisions for cesarean sections, with a 3 fold increase. Regarding newborn outcomes, there were no differences between groups.