Paired Primary and Recurrent Rhabdoid Meningiomas: Cytogenetic Alterations, BAP1 Gene Expression Profile and Patient Outcome.

Rhabdoid meningiomas (RM) are a rare meningioma subtype with a heterogeneous clinical course which is more frequently associated with recurrence, even among tumors undergoing-complete surgical removal. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical-histopathological and cytogenetic features of 29 tumors, from patients with recurrent (seven primary and 14 recurrent tumors) vs. non-recurrent RM (n = 8). Recurrent RM showed one (29%), two (29%) or three (42%) recurrences. BAP1 loss of expression was found in one third of all RM at diagnosis and increased to 100% in subsequent tumor recurrences. Despite both recurrent and non-recurrent RM shared chromosome 22 losses, non-recurrent tumors more frequently displayed extensive losses of chromosome 19p (62%) and/or 19q (50%), together with gains of chromosomes 20 and 21 (38%, respectively), whereas recurrent RM (at diagnosis) displayed more complex genotypic profiles with extensive losses of chromosomes 1p, 14q, 18p, 18q (67% each) and 21p (50%), together with focal gains at chromosome 17q22 (67%). Compared to paired primary tumors, recurrent RM samples revealed additional losses at chromosomes 16q and 19p (50% each), together with gains at chromosomes 1q and 17q in most recurrent tumors (67%, each). All deceased recurrent RM patients corresponded to women with chromosome 17q gains, although no statistical significant differences were found vs. the other RM patients.

Implicancias teórico-clínicas de las prácticas psicoterapéuticas feministas o con perspectiva de género en Chile / Theoretical-clinical implications of feminist or gender-sensitive psychotherapeutic practices in Chile

Este artículo tiene como objetivo comprender, mediante el análisis de 16 entrevistas semies-tructuradas, las implicancias teórico-clínicas del posicionamiento con perspectiva de género o feminista en la práctica psicoterapéutica contemporánea en Chile, desde la perspectiva de consultantes y psicoterapeutas. Como resultados, se observa que el valor de esta psicoterapia radica en entregar una lectura sociocultural del malestar generizado. Sin embargo, quienes consultan reproducen estereotipos de género al elegir este enfoque a propósito del género fe-menino de la psicoterapeuta, pues consideran que habría un mayor entendimiento “por ser mu-jer”, lo cual les garantizaría un espacio seguro, libre de juicios y revictimización. Se destaca que las intervenciones de este enfoque tienen un componente político que favorece el trabajo de la desculpabilización de las consultantes. Esto resulta favorable en ciertos casos, pero po-dría obstaculizar el abordaje y reconocimiento de aquellas características singulares del sujeto que inciden en el sufrimiento y trascienden la certeza ideológica. (AU)

This article aims to understand, through 16 semi-structured interviews analysis, the theoreti-cal-clinical implications of the gender or feminist perspective in contemporary psychothera-peutic practice in Chile, from the perspective of consultants and psychotherapists. As a result, it is observed that the value of this psychotherapy lies in providing a sociocultural reading of gendered discomfort. However, those who consult reproduce gender stereotypes by choosing this approach due to the female gender of the psychotherapist, as they consider that there would be a better understanding “because of her being a woman”, which would guarantee them a safe space, free of judgments and revictimization. It should be noted that the inter-ventions of this approach have a political component that favors the work of disempowerment of the consultants. This is favorable in certain cases but could hinder the approach and recog-nition of those unique characteristics that affect particularsuffering in every case and trans-cend ideological certainty. (AU)

[Dietary and physical activity practices and preferences in children: An approach from school parliaments in educational public establishments]. / Prácticas y preferencias alimentarias y de actividad física en niños y niñas: Una aproximación desde los Parlamentos Escolares en establecimientos educacionales.

In Chile, overnutrition continues to increase, especially affecting children. Solving this public health problem requires the development of promotion and prevention strategies that consider the suggestions of the communities, especially those of the children themselves. OBJECTIVE: To know the opinions and suggestions of third and fourth-grade children from schools in the southern area of Santiago, Chile, regarding their eating practices and physical activity, as part of the FONDEF IT 1810016 project. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Seven School Meetings were held in seven schools using a participatory qualitative methodology, collecting the opinions of 176 children regarding both their food and physical activity habits and preferences. RESULTS: The most consumed and preferred foods are those easy to prepare and highly available, such as bread, pasta, and milk. Foods that require preparation or are less available, such as fish, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and homemade preparations, are less consumed and have less preference. Regarding physical activities, video games and soccer stand out. Students propose increasing the hours of physical education and recesses and improving the availability and access to healthy foods in school environments as a solution strategy. CONCLUSIONS: School Meetings as a participatory strategy contribute to the joint generation of knowledge. The need to include communities as participants in health initiatives recognizes, through their role, children as subjects of rights.

Socio-family Factors Predictive of Adaptative Coping Post COVID-19 Pandemic in Nursing Students from a Private University / Factores sociofamiliares predictores de afrontamiento adaptativo Postpandemia COVID-19 en estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad privada / Fatores sociofamiliares preditores de enfrentamento adaptativo pós-pandemia COVID-19 nos estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade privada

Objective. To identify socio-academic and family functionality factors ­ communication, cohesion, and flexibility ­ as predictive stimuli of adaptive coping of nursing university students in the post-COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study with stratified random sampling, with participation by 416 Nursing students from a private university in Pereira (Colombia), who answered a self-completed sociodemographic characterization survey, the Olson et al., communication scale, FACES III scale to assess family cohesion and flexibility, and the Calixta Roy CAPS scale to assess coping and adaptation capacity. Binary logistic regression and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit were performed to determine predictors of success, using SPSS v.26. Results. The profiles of the participants showed a higher proportion of women (78.4%), ages between 21 and 30 years (57.5%), young people who study and work (60.1%), and those who have an academic session on Friday and Saturday (67.5%). Nursing students perceive that their families communicate efficiently and satisfactorily (85.8%), have strong cohesion with a tendency towards attachment (73.6%) and flexibility, show a tendency towards chaos (70.7%) and have adaptive coping (48.5%). The success predictors for adaptive coping were female sex (p=0.007), academic session Friday and Saturday (p=0.042), occupation, study, and work (p=0.026), socioeconomic strata 4.5 and 6 (p=0.041), good or very good communication (p=0.001), balanced family cohesion (p = 0.048), and balanced family flexibility (p=0.039). Conclusion. This study found that good family functionality and having adequate socioeconomic conditions were predictors of higher coping and adaptation capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic in the nursing students who participated in the study

Objetivo. Identificar factores socio-académicos y de funcionalidad familiar -comunicación, cohesión y flexibilidad-, como estímulos predictores de afrontamiento adaptativo de estudiantes de Enfermería en postpandemia COVID-19. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal con muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Participaron 416 estudiantes de Enfermería de una universidad privada de Pereira (Colombia) que respondieron una encuesta auto diligenciada de caracterización sociodemográfica y tres escalas validadas: de Comunicación de Olson et al., FACES III para valorar cohesión y flexibilidad familiar y escala CAPS de Calixta Roy para evaluar capacidad de afrontamiento y adaptación. Los factores predictores de éxito se analizaron con regresión logística binaria y bondad de ajuste de Hosmer-Lemeshow, utilizando SPSS v.26. Resultados. El perfil de los participantes mostró mayor proporción de mujeres(78.4%), edades entre 21 y 30 años (57.5%), jóvenes que estudian y trabajan (60.1%), y quienes cumplen jornada académica viernes y sábado (67.5%). Los estudiantes de enfermería perciben que sus familias se comunican en forma eficiente y satisfactoria (85.8%), tienen una fuerte cohesión con tendencia al apego (73.6%) y a la flexibilidad, muestran tendencia al caos (70.7%) y tienen afrontamiento adaptativo (48.5%). Los predictores de éxito para afrontamiento adaptativo fueron: sexo femenino (p=0.007), jornada académica viernes y sábado (p=0.042), ocupación estudia y trabajo (p=0.026), estratos socioeconómicos 4,5 y 6 (p=0.041), buena o muy buena comunicación (p=0.001), cohesión familiar equilibrada (p=0.048) y flexibilidad familiar equilibrada (p=0.039).Conclusión.En este estudio se encontró que la buena funcionalidad familiar y tener adecuadas condiciones socioeconómicas fueron predictores de mayor capacidad de afrontamiento y adaptación durante la pandemia COVID-19 en los estudiantes de enfermería que participaron en el estudio.

Objetivo. Identifico os fatores socioacadêmicos e a funcionalidade familiar -comunicação, coesão e flexibilidade-, como estímulos preditivos do enfrentamento adaptativo de estudantes de Enfermagem no pós-pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos. Estudo descritivo transversal com amostragem aleatória estratificada. Participaram 416 estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade privada da cidade de Pereira (Colômbia), respondendo a uma pesquisa autopreenchida de caracterização sociodemográfica e três escalas validadas: Comunicação de Olson et al., FACES III para avaliar a coesão e flexibilidade familiar e a escala CAPS de Calixta Roy, para avaliar a capacidade de enfrentamento e adaptação. Os preditores de sucesso foram analisados com regressão logística binária e Hosmer-Lemeshow, usando SPSS v.26. Resultados. Os perfis dos participantes mostraram maior proporção de mulheres(78.4%), com idades compreendidas entre os 21 e os 30 anos (57.5%), jovens que estudam e trabalham (60.1%) e que cumprem o horário letivo de sexta-feira a sábado (67.5%). Os estudantes de enfermagem percebem que suas famílias se comunicam de forma eficiente e satisfatória (85.8%), têm forte coesão com tendência ao apego (73.6%) e flexibilidade, apresentam tendência ao caos (70.7%) e têm enfrentamento adaptativo (48.5%). Os preditores de sucesso para enfrentamento adaptativo foram: sexo feminino (p=0.007), jornada acadêmica sexta e sábado (p=0.042), ocupação, estudo e trabalho (p=0.026), estrato socioeconômico 4.5 e 6 (p=0.041), boa ou comunicação muito boa (p=0.001), coesão familiar equilibrada (p=0.048) e flexibilidade familiar equilibrada (p=0.039). Conclusão. Neste estudo, verificou-se que a boa funcionalidade familiar e ter condições socioeconômicas adequadas foram preditores de maior capacidade de enfrentamento e adaptação durante a pandemia de COVID-19 nos estudantes de enfermagem que participaram do estudo.

Socio-family Factors Predictive of Adaptative Coping Post COVID-19 Pandemic in Nursing Students from a Private University.

Objective: To identify socio-academic and family functionality factors - communication, cohesion, and flexibility - as predictive stimuli of adaptive coping of nursing university students in the post-COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with stratified random sampling, with participation by 416 Nursing students from a private university in Pereira (Colombia), who answered a self-completed sociodemographic characterization survey, the Olson et al., communication scale, FACES III scale to assess family cohesion and flexibility, and the Calixta Roy CAPS scale to assess coping and adaptation capacity. Binary logistic regression and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit were performed to determine predictors of success, using SPSS v.26. Results: The profiles of the participants showed a higher proportion of women (78.4%), ages between 21 and 30 years (57.5%), young people who study and work (60.1%), and those who have an academic session on Friday and Saturday (67.5%). Nursing students perceive that their families communicate efficiently and satisfactorily (85.8%), have strong cohesion with a tendency towards attachment (73.6%) and flexibility, show a tendency towards chaos (70.7%) and have adaptive coping (48.5%). The success predictors for adaptive coping were female sex (p=0.007), academic session Friday and Saturday (p=0.042), occupation, study, and work (p=0.026), socioeconomic strata 4.5 and 6 (p=0.041), good or very good communication (p=0.001), balanced family cohesion (p = 0.048), and balanced family flexibility (p=0.039). Conclusion: This study found that good family functionality and having adequate socioeconomic conditions were predictors of higher coping and adaptation capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic in the nursing students who participated in the study.

Reconfiguraciones familiares de excombatientes de grupos armados ilegales en procesos de reintegración y en desmovilización voluntaria / Family Reconfigurations of Ex-Combatants of Illegal Armed Groups in Reintegration and Voluntary Demobilization Processes

Resumen Esta es una reflexión derivada de investigación abordada desde la teoría fundamentada, que busca reconocer las posibles reconfiguraciones familiares presentes en excombatientes de grupos armados ilegales en procesos de reintegración y en desmovilización voluntaria. Para ello se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada validada por expertos, con la cual se exploraron las Transformaciones Familiares de acuerdo con tres momentos: antes (estructura), durante (curso) y después (trayectorias), y en función de las categorías: tipos de familia, dinámicas familiares, relaciones externas, influencias insurgentes previas, conflictos intrafamiliares, y conflictos social-comunitarios. Los resultados revelan que existen procesos de familiarización más que de conformación de familias durante la estancia en el grupo insurgente, al tiempo que proto-configuraciones familiares que dan pie, ya en el posconflicto y por fuera del grupo armado, a reconfiguraciones de lo familiar y de nuevas familias.

Abstract This is a reflection derived from research approached from the informed theory, which seeks to recognize the possible family reconfigurations present in ex-combatants of illegal armed groups in reintegration processes, and voluntary demobilization. To this end, a semi-structured interview validated by experts was applied, with which family transformations were explored according to three moments: before (structure), during (course), and after (trajectories), and according to the categories: family types, family dynamics, external relations, previous insurgent influences, intrafamily conflicts, and social-community conflicts. The results reveal that there are processes of familiarization without family formation during the stay in the insurgent group, while proto-family configurations that give rise, already in the post-conflict and outside the armed group, to reconfigurations of the family and new families.

Percepción de usuarios sobre calidad de atención y educación durante la captación de sintomáticos respiratorios / Perception of users of quality of care and education during the respiratory symptomatic recruitment

Introducción: La tuberculosis es la novena causa mundial de mortalidad en adultos y la primera por enfermedades infecciosas. Mortalidad evitable con diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento oportuno. Estudio motivado por baja captación de sintomáticos respiratorios. Objetivo: Valorar la percepción de los usuarios de una institución de salud sobre la calidad de la atención y de la educación para el autocuidado, durante la captación de sintomáticos respiratorios en el programa de tuberculosis. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, de abordaje con elementos de teoría fundamentada. Realizado en una institución estatal de salud de primer nivel. Participaron 96 adultos, quienes firmaron el consentimiento informado: 70 sintomáticos respiratorios y 26 familiares acompañantes. Se realizaron seis grupos focales, con dos categorías apriorísticas: calidad de atención y educación durante el proceso de captación. Información grabada y transcrita. Con Atlas Ti se realizó codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, utilizando comparación constante y memos. El análisis se apoyó en postulados de Dorothea Orem. Resultados: Sobre calidad de atención: hubo desconocimiento de la ruta integral de atención y deficiente identificación e información sobre riesgo. Sobre educación para el autocuidado: hubo desconocimiento de aspectos relacionados con tuberculosis y déficit en educación recibida. Los participantes no relacionaron sintomáticos respiratorios con tuberculosis; esta fue estigmatizada como enfermedad contagiosa y mortal, consideraron difícil recoger muestra para baciloscopia. Se evidenciaron limitaciones de cuidado favorecidas por insuficiente apoyo educativo. Conclusiones: La percepción de los usuarios orienta hacia la necesidad de fomentar servicios seguros, accesibles y humanizados para detección temprana y cuidado del sintomático respiratorio. La educación para el autocuidado y una mayor interacción con usuarios pueden mejorar resultados institucionales(AU)

Introduction: Tuberculosis, the world ninth leading cause of death in adults, first due to infectious diseases. Avoidable mortality with early diagnosis and timely treatment. Study motivated by limited awareness of respiratory symptomatics. Objective: To assess the perception of users of a healthcare institution in regards to the quality of care and self-care education during the Tuberculosis program. Methods: A Qualitative study approach with elements from proven theory. Conducted at state-class healthcare institution. Participants: 96 consenting adults (70 respiratory symptoms, 26 accompanying relatives). Six focus groups were carried out during the recruitment process with two aprioristic categories: quality of care and self-care education. Information was recorded and transcribed. Utilizing Atlas Ti, open, axial and selective coding was performed and using constant comparisons and memos. The analysis was based on Dorothea Orem postulates. Results: Quality of care: lack of comprehensive route of care and poor identification and risk information. Self-care education: ignorance of TB-related aspects and shortfalls of received education. Participants did not link respiratory symptoms to tuberculosis; this was stigmatized as a contagious and fatal disease. They considered it difficult to collect sample(s) for baciloscopy. Care limitations are evident by insufficient educational support. Conclusions: User perception should be oriented towards promoting safe, accessible and humanized services for early detection and care of respiratory symptoms. Self-care education and greater interaction with users can improve institutional outcomes(AU)

EstudioDescriptivo: CaracterísticasdelCáncerdePielnoMelanoma en Pacientes de Consulta Externa de Dermatología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca ­ Ecuador, 2013-2017 / Descriptive Study: Characteristics of Non Melanoma Skin Cancer in Dermatology Outpatients of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Cuenca - Ecuador, 2013-2017

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer de piel no melanoma es una de las patologías más prevalentes y con gran impacto a nivel mundial; sus variantes incluyen principalmente el carcinoma basocelular y espinocelular. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las características del cáncer de piel no melanoma en pacientes de consulta externa de dermatología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2013 a 2017. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo, el universo incluyó a 278 pacientes diagnosticados de cáncer de piel no melanoma del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Se estudiaron distintas variables clínicas y demográficas, los datos fueron analizados utilizando estadística descriptiva mediante el programa SPSS versión 24.0. RESULTADOS: Se incluyó a 278 pacientes en el estudio, el 56.5% (n=157) femenino y el 43.5% (n=121) masculino; la edad media fue 72.9 años (±15.3). Las patologías más frecuentes fueron el carcinoma basocelular 75.9% (n=211) y el carcinoma espinocelular 24.1% (n=67); la cabeza fue el lugar de presentación más frecuente para los dos tipos de cáncer con un 91.5% (n=193) y 59.7% (n=40) respectivamente. La opción terapéutica más comúnmente usada fue la cirugía con un 92.4% (n=195) y 83.6% (n=56). CONCLUSIONES: El carcinoma basocelular fue el tipo de cáncer de piel no melanoma más frecuente en esta población; se presentó principalmente en pacientes mayores de 65 años, siendo la cirugía el tratamiento de elección. Se requiere fomentar políticas de promoción y prevención destinadas a mejorar el control de estas patologías.(au)

OBJECTIVE: Non-melanoma skin cancer is one of the most prevalent and impactful pathologies worldwide; the variants mainly include basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of non-melanoma skin cancer in dermatology outpatients of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, 2013 to 2017. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was performed; the universe included 278 patients diagnosed with non-melanoma skin cancer from the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Different clinical and demographic variables were studied; the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics through SPSS program version 24.0. RESULTS: 278 patients were included, 56.5% (n=157) female and 43.5% (n=121) male; the average age was 72.9 years (± 15.3). The most frequent pathologies were basal cell carcinoma 75.9% (n=211) and squamous cell carcinoma 24.1% (n=67); the head was the most frequent place of presentation for the two types of cancer with 91.5% (n=193) and 59.7% (n=40) respectively. The most frequent treatment was surgery with 92.4% (n = 195) and 83.6% (n = 56). CONCLUSIÓN: Basal cell carcinoma was the most frequent type of non-melanoma skin cancer in this population; occurs mainly in patients older than 65 years, being surgery the treatment of choice. It is necessary to promote promotion and prevention policies with the objective to improve the control of these pathologies.(au)

Uso de lenguaje estandarizado en prácticas formativas de enfermería. Pereira 2011-2015 / Use of standardized language on nursing apprenticeships. Pereira 2011-2015 / Uso da linguaje padronizada em práticas formativas de enfermagem (Pereira 2011-2015)

Objetivo: Caracterizar el uso del lenguaje estandarizado en el registro del Proceso de Enfermería a la población atendida durante las prácticas formativas en una Institución Universitaria de Pereira Colombia, durante los años 2011 a 2015. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo autorizado por el comité de Ética Institucional. Se ordenaron según frecuencia 30.020 diagnósticos enfermeros, registrados durante los años 2011 a 2015 en el sistema de información de prácticas formativas de enfermería. Se seleccionaron los diagnósticos más frecuentes, sus resultados esperados e intervenciones hasta completar el tamaño de muestra con un NC=95% y error de precisión=1%. La muestra correspondió a 7276 registros que incluyeron 15 diagnósticos presentes en 4731 personas atendidas. Variables: Características de la población atendida, tipo de práctica formativa y Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE) con taxonomía NANDA-I, NOC y NIC. Resultados: Predomina la atención a la población femenina (57,4%), principalmente adultos (72%), régimen subsidiado (68%). Las prácticas se realizan principalmente en áreas clínicas (84%) de instituciones hospitalarias estatales (68%). Se priorizaron diagnósticos 'reales´ (69,3%) relacionados con los dominios: 'Seguridad/Protección´ (22,8%), 'Eliminación/Intercambio´ (21,0%) y 'Actividad/ Reposo´ (21,0%). NOC más frecuentes en dominios ´Salud fisiológica (63,0%) y 'Salud funcional '(16,8%). NIC relevantes en campos de 'Seguridad '(27,4%), ´Fisiológico complejo '(26,8%) y 'Fisiológico básico '(24,5%). Conclusiones: Coherencia en la aplicación de las fases del PAE. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes correspondieron a problemas de salud clínicos, fisiológicos y funcionales. Se requiere fortalecer la formulación y registro de diagnósticos de 'Percepción/cognición´ y resultados del dominio 'Psicosocial´ que orienten intervenciones educativas en familias y comunidades.

Objective: Characterize the use of standardized language in the nursing records of an attended population during internships in a University of Pereira, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Retrospective descriptive study authorized by the Institutional Ethics Committee. According to frequency, 30,020 nursing diagnoses registered in the information system of nursing internships from 2011 to 2015 were organized. The most frequent diagnoses, their expected results and interventions were selected until completing a sample size of NC=95% and an error precision=1%. The sample corresponded to 7276 records that included 15 diagnoses present in 4731 of the people attended. Variables: characteristics of the attended population, type of internship and Nursing Process with NANDA-I, NOC and NIC taxonomy. Results: Care predominates on female population (57.4%), mainly adults (72%), of subsidized regime (68%). The practices were mainly performed on clinical areas (84%) of State healthcare institutions (68%). 'Real' diagnoses were prioritized (69.3%) relating to the domains: 'Security/Protection' (22.8%), 'Elimination/Exchange' (21.0%), 'Activity/Rest' (21.0%). The most frequent NOC domains 'Physiological health' (63.0%) and 'functional health' (16.8%). Relevant NIC domains on areas of 'security' (27.4%), 'complex physiological' (26.8%) and 'basic physiological' (24.5%). Conclusions: Coherence in the application of the Nursing Process phases. The most frequent diagnoses corresponded to clinical physiological and functional health problems. It is required to strengthen the formulation and diagnoses records of 'Perception/Cognition' and the results of the 'Psychosocial' domain to orientate educative interventions on families and communities.

Objetivo: Caracterizar o uso da linguagem padronizada no registro do Processo de Enfermagem à população atendida durante as práticas formativas numa Instituição Universitária de Pereira na Colômbia, durante os anos 2011 a 2015. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo retrospectivo autorizado pelo comité de Ética Institucional. Ordenaram-se segundo frequência 30.020 diagnósticos de enfermagem, registrados durante os anos 2011 a 2015 no sistema de informação de práticas formativas de enfermagem. Selecionaram-se os diagnósticos mais frequentes, seus resultados esperados e intervenções até completar o tamanho de amostra com um NC=95% e erro de precisão=1%. A amostra correspondeu a 7.276 registros que incluíram 15 diagnósticos presentes em 4.731 pessoas atendidas. Variáveis: Características da população atendida, tipo de prática formativa e Processo de Atendimento de Enfermagem (PAE) com taxonomia NANDA-I, NOC e NIC. Resultados: Predomina o atendimento à população feminina (57,4%), principalmente adultos (72%), regímen subsidiado (68%). As práticas se realizam principalmente em áreas clínicas (84%) de instituições hospitalares estaduais (68%). Priorizaram-se diagnósticos 'reais´ (69,3%) relacionados com os domínios: "Seguridade/Proteção" (22,8%), 'Eliminação/Trocas" ´(21,0%) e "Atividade/ Repouso" (21,0%). NOC mais frequentes em domínios "Saúde fisiológica" (63,0%) e "Saúde funcional" (16,8%). NIC relevantes em campos de "Segurança" (27,4%), "Fisiológico complexo" (26,8%) e "Fisiológico básico" (24,5%). Conclusões: Coerência na aplicação das fases do PAE. Os diagnósticos mais frequentes corresponderam a problemas de saúde clínicos, fisiológicos e funcionais. Reque-se fortalecer a formulação e registro de diagnósticos de "Percepção/cognição" e resultados do domínio "Psicossocial" que orientem intervenções educativas em famílias e comunidades.

Malformación de Abernethy tipo 2. Presentación de caso clínico y revisión de literatura / Malformation of abernethy type 2. Presentation of a clinical case and review of literature

El shunt porto-sistémico congénito extrahepático, es una patología muy poco frecuente del sistema vascular venoso del abdomen, descrita por John Abernethy en 1793. En esta malformación existe pasaje de sustancias no metabolizadas del hígado a la circulación sistémica y dilatación del lecho capilar pulmonar. Se divide en 2 grupos según la presencia (tipo II) o ausencia total (tipo I) de flujo portal. Se presenta un caso de un niño de 6 años de edad, producto de embarazo gemelar de la primera gesta de madre de 22 años de edad, atendido en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso en la ciudad de Cuenca, con sintomatología respiratoria, sin un diagnóstico inicial definido; encontrándose en un estudio ecográfico abdominal casual, la presencia de una anomalía vascular portal, diagnosticándose de malformación de Abernethy tipo II mediante angiotomografía abdominal y resonancia magnética nuclear.Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva y posterior discusión del caso; encontrando como datos de importancia, la existencia de 80 casos reportados hasta el año 2014 a nivel mundial. En Latinoamérica hay el reporte de un caso en Venezuela en el año 2011 y en Argentina en el año 2016.Concluimos remarcando la importancia de una correcta anamnesis, examen físico y uso de las diferentes técnicas diagnósticas en cuanto a los síntomas respiratorios, debido a que existen patologías poco frecuentes que al ser diagnosticadas de forma temprana pueden ser tratadas con éxito, dando así al paciente una vida normal. El presente caso es el único reportado en Ecuador, con abordaje y tratamiento exitoso.

The extrahepatic congenital porto-systemic derivation is a very rare pathology of the venous vascular system of the abdomen described by John Abernethy in 1793. In this malformation there is a passage of substances not metabolized from the liver to the systemic circulation and dilation of the pulmonary capillary bed. It is divided into 2 groups according to the presence (type II) or total absence (type I) of portal flow.We present a case of a 6-year-old child, the product of twin pregnancy of the first pregnancy of a 22-year-old mother, who was treated at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in Cuenca, with respiratory symptoms, without an initial efinite diagnosis. The presence of a portal vascular abnormality was found in a casual abdominal ultrasound study, which was diagnosed as Abernethy type II malformation by abdominal angiography and nuclear magnetic resonanceA bibliographical review and subsequent discussion of the case was carried out; finding as important data, the existence of 80 cases reported until 2014 worldwide. In Latin America there is a case report in Venezuela in 2011 and in Argentina in 2016.We conclude by emphasizing the importance of a correct anamnesis, physical examination and use of different diagnostic techniques in terms of respiratory symptoms due to there are rare pathologies that being diagnosed early, can be treated successfully, thus giving the patient a normal life.The present case is the only one reported in Ecuador with a successful approach and treatment.

Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria. Eje cafetero colombiano 2015 / Quality of life related to health in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Colombian coffee axis, 2015 / Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em pacientes contínuos peritoneal ambulatorial Com diálise. Eixo de café colombiano, 2015

ResumenIntroducción. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria (DPCA), en tres unidades renales del eje cafetero de Colombia, en 2015.Método. La metodología de este trabajo está sustentada en un diseño descriptivo transversal. Participaron voluntariamente 185 personas del Programa de DPCA. Se aplicó encuesta y cuestionario SF-36, [Alfa de Cronbach >0,7] y análisis binominal y multinominal. En escalas de 0 a 100 puntos de peor a mejor CVRS, se calculó medias por dimensión. Se utilizó el software SPSS-v21.Resultados. Población con alta vulnerabilidad socioeconómica. Comorbilidad con hipertensión y diabetes.Percepción de mejor CVRS en dolor corporal (Me=87,2) y función social, (Me=76,8). Peor CVRS en Rol físico (Me=52,1) y Rol emocional (Me= 57,3). Sin diferencias por género, la CVRS empeora con la edad.Conclusión.El cuidado de pacientes con DPCA requiere más investigación por enfermería. Intervenciones y evaluaciones de seguimiento en autocuidado domiciliario y apoyo social en roles físico y emocional. Se deben controlar eventos precursores de ERC.

AbstractIntroduction.The objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of life related to health (HRQOL) in patients with Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD), in three renal units of the Colombian coffee industry, in 2015.Method.The methodology of this work is based on a descriptive cross - sectional design. 185 volunteers from the DPCA Program participated voluntarily. A SF-36 questionnaire, [Cronbach's alpha> 0.7] and binominal and multinominal analysis were applied. In scales of 0 to 100 points from worse to better HRQoL, we calculated means by dimension. SPSS-v21 software was used.Results.Population with high socioeconomic vulnerability. Comorbidity with hypertension and diabetes.Perception of best HRQOL in Body pain (Me = 87.2) and Social function, (Me = 76.8). HRQL in Physical role (Me = 52.1) and Emotional role (Me = 57.3). Without gender differences, HRQL worsens with age.Conclusion.Caring for patients with CAPD requires more research per nursing. Interventions and follow-up evaluations in home self-care and social support in physical and emotional roles. ERC precursor events should be controlled.

ResumoIntrodução. A grande quantidade de pacientes atendidos nas consultas externas hospitalárias e conhecer a importância de suas opiniões sobre o atendimento recebido neste serviço motiva o desenvolvimento do presente estudo, o qual busca conhecer a opinião de um grupo de usuários sobre as consultas externas de três hospitais públicos da cidade de Madrid e identificar fatores que influem na satisfação global destas pessoas.Método. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo transversal no qual se entrevistaram a 150 usuários de consultas externas mediante um questionário auto-administrado, previamente validado que constava de 12 ítens, englobados em duas dimensões com uma escala tipo Likert de 1 a 10 em função ao grau de satisfação, dos quais se obteve resultados sociodemográficos e de tipo descritivo. Por outra parte, se realizou uma análise bivariante na que se detectaram diferenças significativas em función do sexo, do nível acadêmico, da nacionalidade e da idade.Resultados. Na análise descritiva do questionário merece atenção que a qualidade administrativa é valorada abaixo de 5 pontos, enquanto que para a clínica, a valoração é de 6 pontos aproximadamente, da que resulta uma valoração do questionário total um pouco superior a 5. O tempo de espera em consultas foi o ítem que obteve a valoração média mais baixa de todo o questionário, com algo mais de 3,5 sobre 10, enquanto que a mais alta foi a obtida para o ítem referido ao atendimento por parte do pessoal de enfermagem, com uma nota de quase 7.Conclusão.Pode-se afirmar que na amostra estudada somente existem dois fatores que se relacionam com o incremento da satisfação dos usuários nas consultas externas: sexo masculino e haver cursado estudos universitários.

La Educación Sexual en Latinoamérica: un campo de fuerzas en tensión / Sexual Education in Latin America: a field of forces in tension

Objetivo Revisar documentos planteados en perspectiva crítica que aborden la Educación Sexual en las Instituciones de salud y educación en Latinoamérica y permitan ampliar el campo de comprensión social de la temática. Método Revisión de literatura. Se realizó búsqueda de producción latinoamericana en español y portugués, en BDCOL, Biblioteca digital de la Red CLACSO, Scielo, Dialnet, Latindex, Redalyc. Se revisaron 120 artículos orientados por descriptores: Educación sexual, enseñanza, sexualidad, escuela, políticas públicas y genealogía. Se seleccionaron 40 artículos que se citan en este documento. Resultados Los hallazgos revelan la Educación Sexual como un campo de saber por donde transitan discursos políticos, científicos, religiosos y de activistas sociales que son analizados como fuerzas de poder/saber en oposición, alineación y contradicción en tensión constante, que remiten a la complejidad de la tarea pedagógica. Conclusiones La Educación Sexual funde sus raíces en imbricados discursos hegemónicos que explican las dificultades para el abordaje conceptual y enfrentan al desafío de repensar la vida institucional en los escenarios educativos.

Percepción de trabajadores sobre la cultura deseguridad del paciente en una empresa de salud / Perception of workers about patient safety culture in a healthcare company

Identificar la percepción que tienen los trabajadores de una Empresa Estatal de Salud,acerca de la aplicación, en la Institución, de los diferentes componentes de la Cultura dela Seguridad del paciente, durante el año 2015.MetodologíaEstudio descriptivo. De un total de 372 trabajadores, se seleccionó una muestra aleatoriaestratificada NC=95,0%, error= 6,0%, correspondiente a 155 personas. Previa autorizacióninstitucional participaron 145 trabajadores que firmaron consentimiento informado. Seaplicó encuesta hospitalaria de la cultura de seguridad del paciente. Análisis con Epi-info2003. Se consideraron proporciones por variable. Las opciones se puntuaron de 1 a 3;siendo 3 la mayor seguridad percibida en cada una de las 14 categorías de análisis de laencuesta.ResultadosPercepción global de seguridad: 76,0%. Fortalezas: grado de seguridad percibido en laEmpresa (83,7%), retroalimentación y comunicación sobre el error (83,0%), aprendizajeorganizacional/ mejoramiento continuo (82,7%), expectativas y acciones del supervisoro del administrador que promueven la seguridad (81,0%), trabajo en equipo dentro delas áreas (81,0%), actitud de comunicación abierta (80,0%). Aspectos que requierenintervención: Personal (69,7%) y respuesta no punitiva al error (62,0%).ConclusionesLa Institución se ha involucrado con la difusión de la cultura de la seguridad del paciente;los trabajadores logran percibir la importancia de varios elementos de esta cultura y laactitud proactiva de coordinadores es factor relevante en el proceso...

To identify the workers’s perception in a statal health company, about the application in theinstitution of the different components of the patient safety culture during 2015.MethodologyA descriptive study. Total of 372 workers, a stratified random sample NC = 95% error= 6%, corresponding to 155. After institutional approval, 145 persons participated whosigned informed consent was selected. Hospital survey on patient safety culture wasapplied. The analysis was made on Epi-info. Ratios were considered by variable. Theoptions were scored from 1 to 3; 3 being the greater perceived safety in each of the 14categories of security survey analysis.ResultsGlobal perception of safety: 76,0%. Strengths: degree of security perceived in the company(83,7%), feedback and communication error (83,0%), organizational learning/continuousimprovement (82,7%), expectations and actions of the supervisor or manager that promotesafety (81,0%), teamwork within the areas (81,0%), attitude of open communication(80,0%). Aspects that require intervention: personal (69,7%), no punitive response toerror (62,0%).ConclusionsThe institution has been involved with the spread of the culture of patient safety; achieveworkers perceive the importance of various elements of this culture and proactivecoordinators is relevant factor in the process...

Proceso de atención de enfermería en el fomento deactividad física de adultos mayores institucionalizados / Nursing care process in promoting physical activity in institutionalized elderly

Medir la eficacia del proceso de atención de enfermería (PAE) en el fomento de la actividadfísica de adultos mayores, internados en cinco centros de bienestar del anciano del ÁreaMetropolitana Centro-Occidente de Colombia.MetodologíaIntervención comunitaria, con selección aleatoria y grupo control. 30 participantes en cadagrupo. En ambos grupos se aplicó PAE (excepto intervención) con taxonomía NANDANIC-NOC. Se valoraron los 13 dominios, el déficit cognitivo, la capacidad funcional y ladependencia. Se priorizaron tres diagnósticos y por cada uno se planearon tres resultadoscon escalas NOC de 4 indicadores cada una. Un grupo fue intervenido según diagnósticorelevante durante 10 sesiones, el otro siguió la rutina del CBA. Análisis comparativo depuntajes NOC. El incremento promedio de un punto por participante en cada NOC indicóeficacia.ResultadosGrupos similares excepto en género (p=0,017), predominio de mujeres (60,0%). Adultosmayores de 75 años (72,0%), con algún grado de demencia senil (63,0%) y alteracionesfuncionales marcadas en flexibilidad y agilidad. En puntajes NOC no hubo diferenciassignificativas entre grupos. Intervención eficaz en cuatro NOC: Deambulación: caminata,tolerancia a la actividad, forma física y resistencia. Ganaron independencia 10 personasdel grupo intervenido y 3 del grupo control (p=0,0004).ConclusionesSe reafirma el uso del PAE para la gestión del cuidado. Se aporta un esquema práctico demedición de eficacia del cuidado, adaptado a la condición del adulto mayor...

To measure the effectiveness of the implementation of the nursing care process (NCP) inpromoting physical activity for older adults hospitalized in five wellness centers elder ofMetropolitan Center-West of Colombia.MethodologyStudy of community Intervention, randomly selecting and control group. 30 participantsin each group. In both groups PAE was applied (except for intervention) with taxonomyNANDA-NIC-NOC. The three domains were assessed: cognitive impairment, functionalcapacity and dependence. Three diagnoses were prioritized and three outcomes wereplanned with stops NOC 4 indicators for each diagnose. One group was operated as relevantdiagnosis during 10 sessions, the other followed the routine of the CBA. Comparativeanalysis of scores NOC. The average increase of one point for each participant indicatedNOC efficiency.ResultsSimilar groups except gender (p = 0,017), predominance of women (60,0%). Adults over75 years (72,0%), with some degree of senile dementia (63,0%) and functional alterationsmarked in flexibility and agility. In scores NOC there was no significant difference betweengroups. There was effective intervention in four NOC: Wandering: walk; activity tolerance;fitness and strength. 10 people in the intervention group gained independence and 3 in thecontrol group (p = 0,0004).ConclusionsThe use of NCP to manage care is reaffirmed. A practical scheme for measuring effectivenessof care, adapted to the condition of the elderly is provided...

Geographical traceability of virgin olive oils from south-western Spain by their multi-elemental composition.

The geographical traceability of virgin olive oil can be controlled by chemical species that are linked to the production area. Trace elements are among these species. The hypothesis is that the transfer of elements from the soil to the oil is subjected to minor variations and therefore this chemical information can be used for geographical traceability. In order to confirm this hypothesis, the trace elements of virgin olive oils from south-western Spain were analysed, and the same elements were determined in the corresponding olive-pomaces and soils. The differences in the concentration were studied according to cultivars and locations. Results show some coincidences in the selection of elements in soils (W, Fe, Na), olive-pomace (W, Fe, Na, Mg, Mn, Ca, Ba, Li) and olive oils (W, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ca, Ba, Li, Bi), which supports their utility in traceability. In the case of olive oils, 93% of the samples were correctly classified in their geographical origins (96% for Beas, 77% for Gibraleón, 91% for Niebla, and 100% for Sanlúcar de Guadiana).

Desafíos de la salud pública basada en la evidencia como fundamento para el desarrollo de políticas de salud / Challenges of Public Health Based on Evidence as a Fundament for the Development of Health Policies

Se revisaron algunos desafíos que enfrenta la producción de conocimiento con la metodología salud pública basada en la evidencia, como fundamento científico de políticas de salud en Colombia. Desde lo conceptual: acuerdos de la comunidad científica sobre las concepciones de salud, salud pública, evidencia científica y salud pública basada en la evidencia. En lo metodológico: dificultades para evaluar la efectividad de las acciones en salud y distinguir entre la validez del proceso evaluativo para detectar el éxito o el fracaso de una intervención y el relativo éxito o fracaso de la intervención en sí misma. En lo contextual: superación del paradigma curativo y priorización de la inversión en proyectos de eficacia ya demostrada. Se concluyó que la generación de políticas de salud, adecuadas y racionales, requiere de la voluntad política de todos los actores involucrados, tanto para la producción de la evidencia, como en la evaluación e implementación de la mejor decisión.

We reviewed some of the challenges that the production of knowledge faces, by using the methodology public health based on evidence, as the scientific fundament for health policies in Colombia. From the conceptual aspect: scientific community agreements on conceptions of health, public health, scientific evidence and public health based on evidence. On the methodological aspect: difficulties in assessing the effectiveness of the actions taken in health, and to distinguish between the validity of the assessment process, in order to identify the success or failure of such intervention. On the contextual aspect: overcoming the curative paradigm and the prioritization of investment in proven and effective projects. It was concluded that the generation of appropriate and rational health policies requires the political will of all stakeholders, both for the production of evidence, as in the evaluation and implementation of the best decision.

Fortalezas y debilidades de cuidadores en conocimientos sobre cuidados básicos del adulto mayor / Strengths and weaknesses of knowledge of the caregivers about basic care concepts of the elderly

ObjetivoEvaluar los conocimientos de cuidadores sobre cuidados básicos del anciano institucionalizado en 15 centros de bienestar del anciano (CBA) de carácter estatal, en los14 municipios del departamento de Risaralda (Colombia).MetodologíaEstudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo. En cada CBA se organizaron dos grupos focales con la participación total de 121 cuidadores. Los temas abordados fueron: envejecimiento, afecto, nutrición, higiene, estimulación y protección. Las categorías de análisis fueron fortalezas y debilidades y los resultados se agruparon por CBA y por tema tratado.ResultadosParticiparon en igual proporción cuidadores vinculados laboralmente y voluntarios temporales. Se hallaron como fortalezas que los cuidadores caracterizaron con claridad el proceso de envejecimiento a nivel físico y psicológico, reconocieron las necesidades biológicas y sus cuidados y la importancia del afecto. Se encontraron debilidades en:Formas de estimulación, higiene específica y medidas de protección para los ancianos.ConclusionesDada la alta rotación de cuidadores en los CBA debe realizarse capacitación permanente y trabajar con enfoque de cuidado cultural.

Familia y consumo de sustancias psicoactivas: una búsqueda de lo ausente / Family and psychoactive substance use: A search of the absent

Objetivo principal. Describir la relación que establecen jóvenes universitarios entre familia y consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Metodología: Estudio de teoría fundamentada, realizado en el 2009 en Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia. 70 estudiantes universitarios participaron voluntariamente, conformaron nueve grupos focales. La información fue grabada y transcrita. Muestreo teórico. Codificación y categorización con Atlas.ti. Resultados principales: La teoría sustantiva "Familia y consumo de sustancias psicoactivas: Una búsqueda de lo ausente" se construyó con la integración de seis conceptos que permitieron develar lo ausente en las relaciones directas e indirectas. Directas: entorno familiar protector, ejercicio de autoridad, cumplimiento de tareas pedagógicas. Indirectas: conocimiento del joven y su contexto psicosocial, conocimiento de las sustancias, formación en derechos humanos. Conclusiones: Se plantean retos para el cuidado de las dinámicas familiares, en términos de seguimiento de tensiones y cadencias, buscando posibilidades de intervención desde sus propios escenarios cotidianos (AU)

Objective: describe the established relationship between university students and their families with consumption of psychoactive substance consumption (PSC). Methods: A grounded theory approach (GP) model, made in 2009 in Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia. 70 university student volunteers subdivided in nine focus groups. The information was recorded and transcribed. Theoretical sampling with Atlas.ti coding and categorization. Results: The substantive theory "Family and psychoactive substance use: A search of the absent" was built on the integration of six concepts that allowed to reveal what is absent in the direct and indirect. Direct: protective family environment, exercise of authority and compliance with educational tasks. Hints: knowledge of the girl and her psychosocial context, knowledge of chemicals and human rights training. Conclusions: new challenges for the care of family dynamics, monitoring of the tensions and rhythms, exploring opportunities for intervention from their own everyday settings (AU)

Percepciones sobre el cáncer de próstata en población masculina mayor de 45 años: Santa Rosa de Cabal, 2010 / Perceptions about prostate cancer in over 45 year old males’ population in Santa Rosa de Cabal, 2010 / Percepções sobre o câncer de prostata em povoação masculina maior de 45 anos. Santa rosa de cabral, 2010

Algunas percepciones sobre el cáncer de próstata en hombres mayores de 45 años fueron identificadas en Santa Rosa de Cabal (Risaralda), con el propósito de generar estrategias de promoción de la salud sobre el tema. Estudio descriptivo con 150 hombres voluntarios que firmaron consentimiento informado. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con 30 preguntas orientadas por el modelo de creencias en salud de Hochbaum et al. Los datos se organizaron, codificaron y categorizaron. Los participantes eran en su mayoría casados (53%), procedentes del área urbana (69%), escolaridad primaria (53%), de estrato bajo (81%), régimen subsidiado de salud (73%) y religión católica (95%). De todos los entrevistados, el 76% se consideró vulnerable al cáncer de próstata si eran mayores de 60 años. Ellos identificaron los siguientes factores de riesgo: el hábito de fumar (29%), los comportamientos sexuales promiscuos (8%), la mala nutrición (5%) y la herencia (7%). El 60% consideró tener conocimientos sobre la enfermedad y el 97% era consciente de su gravedad. Un 98% de los hombres reconocían los beneficios del diagnóstico oportuno, pero solo unos pocos (27%) se habían realizado el examen. Se plantearon tres barreras para su realización: falta de conocimientos (37%), afectación de la masculinidad (33%) y dificultad en el tratamiento (94%); esto último derivado del alto costo y bajo acceso al servicio especializado. Las barreras culturales, económicas y de acceso a servicios de salud superan los beneficios percibidos con el tratamiento, lo cual se refleja en la baja intención de práctica del examen diagnóstico. Se requiere implementar estrategias de educación participativa.

Some perceptions about prostate cancer were identified in a group of over 45 years old men in Santa Rosa de Cabal-Risaralda, in order to generate strategies for health promotion on the subject. Descriptive study of 150 volunteer males who signed informed consent. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using 30 questions designed using the Hochbaum et al. beliefs in health model which were organized, codified and categorized. The participants were mostly married (53%), from the urban area (69%), with elementary school schooling level (53%), from lower social strata (81%), having subsidized health (73%), and belonging to the Catholic Religion (95%). 76% from the respondents were considered vulnerable to prostate cancer if they were older than 60 years. The following risk factors were identified: smoking (29%), promiscuous sexual behavior (8%), poor nutrition (5%) and inheritance (7%). Additionally, 60% of them considered they had knowledge about the disease and 97% were aware of its severity; 98% of the men acknowledged the benefits of timely diagnosis, but only a few (27%) had taken the exam. Three barriers for the implementation of the test were explained: lack of knowledge (37%), affectation of masculinity (33%), and difficulty in treatment (94%), this last one because of the high cost and low access to specialized services. Cultural, economic and access to health services barriers overcome the benefits perceived with the treatment which is reflected in the low intention to take the diagnostic test. It is required to implement participatory education strategies.

Algumas percepções sobre o câncer de próstata em homens maiores de 45 anos foram identificadas em Santa Rosa de Cabal (Risaralda), com o propósito de gerar estratégias de promoção da saúde sobre o tema. Estudo descritivo com 150 homens voluntários que firmaram consentimento informado. Realizaram se entrevistas semiestruturadas com 30 perguntas orientadas pelo modelo de credencias em saúde de Hochbaum et al. Os dados se organizaram, codificaram e categorizaram. Os participantes eram em sua maioria casados (53%), procedentes da área urbana (69%), escolaridade primaria (53%), estrato baixo (81%), regime subsidiado de saúde (73%) e religião católica (95%). De todos os entrevistados, 76% se consideraram vulneráveis ao câncer de próstata se eran maiores de 60 anos. Eles identificaram os seguintes fatores de risco: o habito de fumar (29%), os comportamentos sexuais promíscuos (8%), a deficiente nutrição (5%) e a herança (7%). O 60% considerou ter conhecimentos sobre a enfermidade e o 97% era consciente de sua gravidade. Um 98% dos homens reconheciam os benefícios do diagnostico oportuno, mas só uns poucos (27%) se haviam realizado o exame. Estabeleceram-se três barreiras para sua realização: falta de conhecimento (37%); afetação da masculinidade (33%) e dificuldade no tratamento (94%); o ultimo derivado do alto custo e baixo acesso a serviço especializado. As barreiras culturais, econômicas e de acesso a serviços de saúde superam os benefícios percebidos com o tratamento, o qual se refeita na baixa intenção de pratica do exame diagnostico. Requere se fizer estratégias de educação participativa.

[Validating Latin-American and Caribbean Latin-American food security scale on pregnant adolescents]. / Validación de la Escala Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Seguridad Alimentaria en gestantes adolescentes.

OBJECTIVE: Statistically validating the Latin-American and Caribbean household food security scale (ELCSA) which had been linguistically adapted for Colombia during 2008 by the University of Antioquia's School of Nutrition. METHODOLOGY: This was a descriptive study. The ELCSA scale (95 % confidence interval) was applied to a representative sample of 150 households containing pregnant adolescents from poor and vulnerable populations. The pregnant girls' families were covered by ESE Salud Pereira and had consulted between April and June 2009. Four professional nurses were trained as interviewers regarding the subject of each question. 32 adult-only households and households containing 118 adults, youngsters and children were surveyed. SPSS software was used for the statistical analysis; Cronbach's alpha, factorial analysis and multiple components were used. RESULTS: ELCSA showed excellent reliability when applied to both adult-only households (Cronbach=0.927) and households having adults, teens and children (Cronbach=0.953). Factor analysis using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy test presented high correlation amongst the items in both single adult households (p = 0.889) and households containing adults, teens and children (p=0.895). The scale's predictive ability was 75 % in the three components identified: quality and quantity of food access or availability of food and non-socially acceptable means of acquisition and distribution. CONCLUSIONS: The results validated the ELCSA scale as being a reliable tool for measuring household food security in Colombian households.