Proteasome modulator 9 (PSMD9) gene rs14259 polymorphism in Alzheimer's disease.

IM: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder resulting in degeneration of certain neuronal structures in certain brain regions and severe neuronal loss, characterized by a pathological accumulation of senile amyloid plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) within the brain . Alzheimer's disease has been associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in recent years. We designed our study on the relationship between AD and T2DM. Genome screening studies in different populations had linked the chromosome 12q24 region to type 2 diabetes. Within this region, there is the PSMD9 gene encoding a transcriptional coactivator of insulin production. METHOD: The effect of PSMD9 gene E197G (rs14259) polymorphism on AD was investigated in29 Alzheimer's patients and 25 healthy controls, who were included in the study. RESULTS: In our study, it was determined that the variant of PSMD9 gene E197G (rs14259) did not cause genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease in Turkish population. CONCLUSIONS: Our study was the first to investigate the relationship between PSMD9 gene and Alzheimer's disease. A larger sample group is needed to investigate the contribution of the PSMD9 gene to Alzheimer's disease in further studies (Tab. 5, Ref. 8).

Synergistic effects of quercetin and selenium on oxidative stress in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells.

OBJECTIVE: The effects of quercetin and selenium on oxidative stress in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells are unclear. In this study, the effects of quercetin and selenium on oxidative stress caused by both hydrogen peroxide and UV radiation in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells were examined. METHODS: The viability of endometrial adenocarcinoma cells cultured in vitro and treated with different concentrations of quercetin and sodium selenite was measured using the MTT assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were investigated, and expression levels of BAD and p53 genes were analysed using real­time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining technique was applied to detect apoptosis. Mass attenuation coefficient of each quercetin and sodium selenite combinations was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation. RESULTS: The combination of quercetin and sodium selenite enhanced cell viability, and reduced MDA levels. The expression levels of BAD and p53 genes decreased by combined treatment with quercetin and selenium while showing synergistic effects in terms of gene expression. Fluorescent microscopic examination showed a decrease in apoptotic cells in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells treated with the combination of quercetin and selenium. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, selenium and quercetin have synergistic cytoprotective and radioprotective effects on oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells for the first time (Tab. 1, Fig. 7, Ref. 39).