Pyrochlore-Supergroup Minerals Nomenclature: An Update.

The general formula of the pyrochlore-supergroup minerals is A 2 B 2 X 6 Y. The mineral names are composed of two prefixes and one root name (identical to the name of the group). The first prefix refers to the dominant anion (or cation or H2O or vacancy) of the dominant valence at the Y-site. The second prefix refers to the dominant cation of the dominant valence [or H2O or vacancy] at the A-site. Thirty-one pyrochlore-supergroup mineral species are currently distributed into four groups [pyrochlore (B = Nb, X = O), microlite (B = Ta, X = O), roméite (B = Sb5+, X = O), and elsmoreite (B = W, X = O)] and two unassigned members [hydrokenoralstonite (B = Al, X = F) and fluornatrocoulsellite (B = Mg, X = F)]. However, when the new nomenclature system of this supergroup was introduced (2010) only seven mineral species, namely, oxycalciopyrochlore, hydropyrochlore, hydroxykenomicrolite, oxystannomicrolite, oxystibiomicrolite, hydroxycalcioroméite, and hydrokenoelsmoreite, were valid. The seven species belong to the cubic crystal system and space group Fd 3 ¯ m and O is predominant in the X structural site. The 24 new mineral species described between 2010 and 2021 are cesiokenopyrochlore, fluorcalciopyrochlore, fluornatropyrochlore, hydrokenopyrochlore, hydroxycalciopyrochlore, hydroxynatropyrochlore, hydroxykenopyrochlore, hydroxymanganopyrochlore, hydroxyplumbopyrochlore, fluorcalciomicrolite, fluornatromicrolite, hydrokenomicrolite, hydroxycalciomicrolite, kenoplumbomicrolite, oxynatromicrolite, oxycalciomicrolite, oxybismutomicrolite, fluorcalcioroméite, hydroxyferroroméite, oxycalcioroméite, oxyplumboroméite, fluornatrocoulsellite, hydrokenoralstonite, and hydroxykenoelsmoreite. Among the new species, hydroxycalciomicrolite belongs to a different space group of the cubic system, i.e., P4232. There are also some mineral species that crystallize in the trigonal system. Hydrokenoelsmoreite occurs as 3C (Fd 3 ¯ m) and 6R (R 3 ¯ ) polytypes. Hydrokenomicrolite occurs as 3C (Fd 3 ¯ m) and 3R (R 3 ¯ m) polytypes, of which the latter corresponds to the discredited "parabariomicrolite." Fluornatrocoulsellite crystallizes as 3R (R 3 ¯ m) polytype. Surely there are several new pyrochlore-supergroup minerals to be described.

Desempeño laboral del profesional de enfermería en un hospital de la Seguridad Social del Callao ­ Perú / The performance of the nursing professional in a Social Security hospital in Callao - Peru

Objetivos: describir el nivel de desempeño según las características laborales, formación académica, aspectos motivadores, organizacionales y la influencia de la jefatura de enfermería del profesional de enfermería que labora en el Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal (HNASS) (Callao, Perú). Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal, realizado en el HNASS del Callao. El muestreo fue probabilístico, con afijación proporcional. La muestra fue 208 enfermeras. Se empleó un cuestionario ad hoc. El desempeño laboral se evalúo mediante la normativa de evaluación del Seguro Social de Perú. Se calculó promedios, desviación estándar, porcentajes y chi cuadrado. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Investigación y Ética del HNASS. Resultados: el 24,5% presentó insuficiente desempeño, 78,8% tuvieron 6 a más años de servicio, 93,8% tuvieron especialidad, 63,0% perciben sobrecarga de trabajo, 70,2% no reciben capacitaciones y 37,0% perciben presión laboral de la jefatura de enfermería. Del total de enfermeras con suficiente desempeño, el 66,7% presentaron un tiempo de servicio ≥ 6 años (valor p=0,02), 96,2% tuvieron especialidad (valor p=0,01). En el grupo de enfermeras con insuficiente desempeño, el 98,0% no hacen docencia (valor p=0,02) 82,4% no fueron capacitadas por la institución empleadora (p valor=0,030), 88,2% percibieron presión laboral por parte de la jefatura, 51,0% no tienen facilidades en el horario de trabajo, 84,3% percibieron estar desmotivados y 76,5% percibieron estar ubicados de acuerdo a su especialidad (valor p<0,05). Conclusiones: la mayoría de los profesionales de enfermería del hospital HNASS tienen desempeño suficiente, sin embargo, es necesario que la gerencia del hospital realice esfuerzos adicionales para lograr un mejor desempeño del personal de enfermería..(AU)

Objectives: to describe the performance of the nursing professional that works in the Alberto Sabogal National Hospital. Material and methods: cross-sectional observational study, carried out in the HNASS of Callao. The sampling was probabilistic, with proportional affixation. The sample size was 208 nurses. An ad hoc questionnaire was used. Labor performance was evaluated through the evaluation regulations of the Social Security of Peru. Averages, standard deviation, percentages and chi square were calculated. The study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of the HNASS. Results: 24.5% presented insufficient performance, 78.8% had 6 or more years of service, 93.8% had a specialty, 63.0% received hard work, 70.2% did not receive training and 37% received work pressure from the nurses Headquarters. Of the total nurses with sufficient performance, 66.7% had a service time of ≥ 6 years (p value=0.02), 96.2% had a specialty (p value=0.01). In nurses with insufficient performance,98% do not teach at university (p value=0.02) 82.4% were not trained by the employing institution (p value=0.030), 88.2% perceived labor pressure from the headquarters, 51.0% do not have facilities in the work schedule, 84.3% perceived demotivation and 76.5% perceived located according to their specialty (palue<0.05).Conclusions: the most of the nursing professionals at the HNASS hospital have sufficient performance, however, it is necessary that the hospital management make strong efforts for a better performance of the nurses..(AU)

Effect of culture medium on biocalcification by Pseudomonas Putida, Lysinibacillus Sphaericus and Bacillus Subtilis

The objective of this study is to investigate the efficiency of calcium carbonate bioprecipitation by Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida, obtained from the Coleção de Culturas do Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde (INCQS), as a first step in determining their potential to protect building materials against water uptake. Two culture media were studied: modified B4 containing calcium acetate and 295 with calcium chloride. Calcium consumption in the two media after incubation with and without the bacterial inoculum was determined by atomic absorption analysis. Modified B4 gave the best results and in this medium Pseudomonas putida INQCS 113 produced the highest calcium carbonate precipitation, followed by Lysinibacillus sphaericus INQCS 414; the lowest precipitation was produced by Bacillus subtilis INQCS 328. In this culture medium XRD analysis showed that Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus subtilis precipitated calcite and vaterite polymorphs while Lysinibacillus sphaericus produced only vaterite. The shape and size of the crystals were affected by culture medium, bacterial strain and culture conditions, static or shaken. In conclusion, of the three strains Pseudomonas putida INQCS 113 in modified B4 medium gave the best results precipitating 96 percent of the calcium, this strain thus has good potential for use on building materials.

Effect of culture medium on biocalcification by Pseudomonas Putida, Lysinibacillus Sphaericus and Bacillus Subtilis.

The objective of this study is to investigate the efficiency of calcium carbonate bioprecipitation by Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida, obtained from the Coleção de Culturas do Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde (INCQS), as a first step in determining their potential to protect building materials against water uptake. Two culture media were studied: modified B4 containing calcium acetate and 295 with calcium chloride. Calcium consumption in the two media after incubation with and without the bacterial inoculum was determined by atomic absorption analysis. Modified B4 gave the best results and in this medium Pseudomonas putida INQCS 113 produced the highest calcium carbonate precipitation, followed by Lysinibacillus sphaericus INQCS 414; the lowest precipitation was produced by Bacillus subtilis INQCS 328. In this culture medium XRD analysis showed that Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus subtilis precipitated calcite and vaterite polymorphs while Lysinibacillus sphaericus produced only vaterite. The shape and size of the crystals were affected by culture medium, bacterial strain and culture conditions, static or shaken. In conclusion, of the three strains Pseudomonas putida INQCS 113 in modified B4 medium gave the best results precipitating 96% of the calcium, this strain thus has good potential for use on building materials.