RESUMO
In vitro, beta-herpesviruses can stimulate or inhibit HIV replication under particular circumstances. In order to investigate the effects of beta-herpesvirus infection on HIV replication and vice versa at an organ level, we determined the quantitative relationships between cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesviruses (HHV) 6 and 7, and HIV-1 proviral DNA using quantitative competitive PCR methods in 141 organs collected at autopsy from 11 AIDS patients. The presence of HHV-6 DNA in an organ was significantly associated with elevated HIV-1 proviral DNA (difference in HIV median loads, 1.3 log10 genomes; P = 0.004). Consistent with this, there was a trend for the presence of HIV-1 proviral DNA to be associated with an elevated HHV-6 load (0.44 log10 difference; P = 0.07). In contrast, there were no significant differences between viral loads in the combinations of either CMV or HHV-7 with HIV-1 proviral DNA load. Pairwise combinations of the beta-herpesviruses revealed that the quantity of HHV-7 was increased in the presence of HHV-6 (difference in median loads, 1.3 log10; P = 0.001) and the quantity of HHV-6 was increased in the presence of HHV-7 (difference in median loads, 0.7 log10; P=0.002). These results demonstrate that the presence of HHV-6 in an organ is significantly associated with an elevated HIV-1 proviral load and have implications for understanding HIV pathogenesis in the human host and the role that beta-herpesviruses, especially HHV-6, might play as cofactors in the HIV disease process.
Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/virologia , Citomegalovirus , HIV-1 , Herpesvirus Humano 6 , Herpesvirus Humano 7 , Carga Viral , Citomegalovirus/genética , HIV-1/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 6/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 7/genética , HumanosAssuntos
Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , HIV-1 , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/complicações , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/transmissão , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Coito , Feminino , Genitália Feminina/metabolismo , Genitália Feminina/virologia , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , HIV-1/isolamento & purificação , HIV-1/patogenicidade , Humanos , Masculino , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , Sêmen/virologia , Carga ViralRESUMO
A 34 year old male patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome following rubella is described. Diagnosis of the infection was made by the detection of specific IgM and IgG antibody. This is a rare association and has not been previously reported in an adult without a characteristic rash.
Assuntos
Polirradiculoneuropatia/etiologia , Rubéola (Sarampo Alemão)/complicações , Adulto , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Masculino , Polirradiculoneuropatia/imunologia , Vírus da Rubéola/imunologiaRESUMO
Four neutropenic patients on a haematology ward developed orbital cellulitis due to different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa over a 7-month period. Investigation of patients and the ward environment revealed two P. aeruginosa isolates indistinguishable from the infecting strains in a plastic washing bowl and a sink in a single cubicle respectively. These items were unlikely to have been the sources of the infecting strains but were a potential cross infection hazard. Treatment of orbital cellulitis is discussed briefly.