Splenic artery aneurysm masked as a gastroenterology complication: A case report and literature review.

Introduction and importance: Splenic artery aneurysm has an insidious onset, and low incidence, most of which have no specific manifestations on the early onset and remains the most common visceral aneurysm and third most common splanchnic aneurysm as it still remains a challenge to deal with clinically by many clinicians. Case presentation: We report a single case of a young 21 years old girl who had no potential risk of splenic artery aneurysm on clinical presentation, for gastroenterology disease only assessment and attention in our facility. The patient born and raised on a tropical island in Southern China was clinically diagnosed with splenic artery aneurysm-associated gastroenterological complications which was presented earlier as hematemesis. The patient was considered to have received optimal critical care by our multidisciplinary team and classical features displayed within the clinical settings are worth documenting and contribute perfectly to medical literature as the patient on follow-up is now back to normal life. Clinical discussion: Our patient recovered excellently on critically close follow-up since the patient had special gastroenterology associated complication features which masked the splenic artery aneurysm with very encouraging post-operative parameters or results. Conclusion: The patient was considered to have received optimal multidisciplinary quaternary medical care for SAAs with gastroenterology-associated complications in our interventional cardiovascular and gastroenterology medicine department.

An Invited Commentary "Impact of hyperglycemia on neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rodent brain: An experimental research ".

Hyperglycemia among other insults is common after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The extent to which prolonged hyperglycemia contributes to in-hospital complications and poor outcome after SAH is unknown. Thus, undergoing an experimental study to not only define the predicting factors as already described in numerous articles of medical literature but to outline the impact of hyperglycemia on neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) since literature about this is scarce particularly in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is essential.

An Invited Commentary "Prognostic effect of the new 5-factor modified frailty index in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy with regional anesthesia - A prospective cohort study".

Frailty has been studied as a valuable predictor of adverse health events and poor postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery. Thus, the use of simple and adapted indexes to define frailty, like the modified frailty index (Mfi)-11, proved useful in assessing patients undergoing vascular surgery. The role of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) continues to be debated in the age of optimal medical therapy, particularly for patients with limited life expectancy (Rothenberg et al., 2020) [3]. The Risk Analysis Index (RAI) measures frailty, a syndrome of decreased physiologic reserve, which increases vulnerability to adverse outcomes. However, the literature about the applicability of an even more pragmatic index, the modified frailty (mFi) index mFI-5 in vascular patients is scarce, particularly in those submitted to carotid endarterectomy (CEA). This study aimed to validate and estimate the prognostic value of the mFI-5 on the postoperative period and long-term survival of this population (Araújo-Andrade et al., 2020) [1].

An Invited Commentary on 'Evidence Based Management Guideline for the COVID-19 pandemic- Review article'.

COVID 19 been declared recently as a pandemic, to date has affected over 1,8881,365 with over 119,403 deaths in accordance to the global pandemic Real-Time Report. In this paper, the prime motive is to enlighten the key variables to the public on the pandemic and essential key points to note and practice in accordance to standard regulation to curb the aggressive COVID-19 pandemic.