N-[2-(Phenyl-sulfon-yl)eth-yl]benzyl-amine.

The title compound, C(15)H(17)NO(2)S, exhibits intra-molecular hydrogen bonding between the amine H atom and a sulfonyl O atom. The conformation of the mol-ecule is described by the four PhCH(2)-NH-CH(2)-CH(2)-SO(2)Ph torsion angles of 79.6 (2), -166.21 (14), -70.29 (17) and -58.93 (13)°.

Impact of PACS on dictation turnaround time and productivity.

This study was conducted to measure the impact of PACS on dictation turnaround time and productivity. The radiology information system (RIS) database was interrogated to calculate the time interval between image production and dictation for every exam performed during three 90-day periods (the 3 months preceding PACS implementation, the 3 months immediately following PACS deployment, and a 3-month period 1 year after PACS implementation). Data were obtained for three exam types: chest radiographs, abdominal CT, and spine MRI. The mean dictation turnaround times obtained during the different pre- and post-PACS periods were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Productivity was also determined for each period and for each exam type, and was expressed as the number of studies interpreted per full-time equivalent (FTE) radiologist. In the immediate post-PACS period, dictation turnaround time decreased 20% (p < 0.001) for radiography, but increased 13% (ns) for CT and 28% (p < 0.001) for MRI. One year after PACS was implemented, dictation turnaround time decreased 45% (p < 0.001) for radiography and 36% (p < 0.001) for MRI. For CT, 1 year post-PACS, turnaround times returned to pre-PACS levels. Productivity in the immediate post-PACS period increased 3% and 38% for radiography and CT, respectively, whereas a 6% decrease was observed for MRI. One year after implementation, productivity increased 27%, 98%, and 19% in radiography, CT, and MRI, respectively. PACS benefits, namely, shortened dictation turnaround time and increased productivity, are evident 1 year after PACS implementation. In the immediate post-PACS period, results vary with the different imaging modalities.

Toward a multidimensional assessment of picture archiving and communication system success.

OBJECTIVES: Based on a prevalent framework in the information systems field, this study proposes and describes an integrated model for evaluating picture archiving and communication system (PACS) success from multiple users' perspectives. METHODS: Our study details the validation process of the proposed model at a large tertiary-care teaching hospital in Canada. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected to assess the psychometric properties of the measurement instrument and test the research hypotheses. RESULTS: Our findings clearly reveal that radiologists, technologists, and clinicians have different views regarding the factors influencing PACS success. For instance, the results for radiologists show that their concern with efficiency and productivity is best guaranteed by a system that is reliable and easy to use. Furthermore, that only perceived system usefulness influenced clinicians' satisfaction with PACS is a reflection of the primary impact that technology has on their work, namely, the ability to have instant access to images from any point in the hospital. Even though, overall, all three groups view the adoption of PACS positively, the mean scores indicate that radiologists and technologists seem to be more satisfied and their expectations to be met at a higher level than clinicians. CONCLUSIONS: We believe the measurement instruments developed in this study can be used as a diagnostic tool by project managers interested in better understanding the extent to which different groups of stakeholders perceive the deployment of PACS as being successful and how factors influencing perceptions of PACS success vary across user types.

Polar phase hydroformylation: the dramatic effect of water on mono- and dirhodium catalysts.

The addition of 30% water (by volume) to acetone creates a remarkably effective polar phase solvent system for a dicationic dirhodium tetraphosphine hydroformylation catalyst. The initial turnover frequency (TOF) increases by 265% (to 73 min-1) for the hydroformylation of 1-hexene relative to the initial TOF in pure acetone (20 min-1). The aldehyde linear to branched (L:B) ratio increases to 33:1, and alkene isomerization and hydrogenation side reactions are essentially eliminated. Comparisons with monometallic rhodium catalysts based on PPh3, Bisbi, Naphos, and Xantphos ligands demonstrate that this polar-phase bimetallic catalyst is one of the fastest and most selective hydroformylation systems known under these mild conditions (90 degrees C, 6.2 bar H2/CO). The monometallic catalysts also show rate enhancements (although considerably smaller) in water-acetone, but Rh-Xantphos does show a large increase of 115%, with considerably reduced alkene isomerization side reactions. The dramatic effect of water on the dirhodium catalyst system is believed to be due to simple inhibition of the fragmentation of the catalytically active species into inactive mono- and bimetallic complexes.