RESUMO
The prevalence of chronic diseases, especially depression, has been increasing worldwide. Health professionals have an important role in screening and early detection of the disorder, to prevent possible damage such as disability and dependence. With aging, sensory impairments can occur, such as visual and hearing losses, which can lead to isolation contributing to the development of depressive symptoms. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between depressive symptoms, social isolation, and self-perception of visual complaints and hearing loss in middle-aged and older adults. It was a cross-sectional quantitative study, in Três Lagoas, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, with 300 participants of both sexes, aged 45 years and over, registered in the Primary Health Care network. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with sociodemographic data and the questions "Do you consider yourself socially isolated?", "Do you have a vision and/or a hearing problem capable of stopping you from performing a daily life activity?" and "If yes, do you use a hearing aid and/or glasses or contact lenses?". Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies - Depression (CES-D) scale with a cut-off score adapted for age. Data were analyzed with binary logistic regression, with the presence of depressive symptoms being the dependent variable. Values of p≤0.05 were considered significant. The majority of the sample were women (65.7%), with an average age of 60.9 years, 56.7% were classified with depressive symptoms, 27.0% considered themselves socially isolated, 84.7% reported visual acuity loss (70.7% used glasses) and 17.3% reported hearing loss (2.3% used hearing aids). Social isolation (OR = 6.0), visual complaints (OR = 3.85), and hearing loss (OR = 4.67) were related to the presence of depressive symptoms. Moreover, being married (OR = 0.51) was a protective factor in these participants. The results showed the importance of early diagnosis of depressive symptoms. The correction of visual and hearing deficits is highlighted, as these may be related to symptoms of depression. Health professionals in Primary Health Care should be able to monitor depressive symptoms, visual and hearing complaints, and to promote social interaction.
Assuntos
Depressão , Perda Auditiva , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Perda Auditiva/diagnóstico , Perda Auditiva/epidemiologia , Isolamento Social , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos promovidos por uma oficina de memória na cognição e queixa subjetiva de memória, em idosos de um Centro de Convivência. Dez idosos participaram da oficina, que constou de nove encontros semanais que abordaram diversos aspectos, com foco na memória episódica, operacional, e na linguagem. Foi observada melhora significativa nos domínios cognitivos memória e linguagem após a oficina, bem como aumento das queixas subjetivas de memória.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects promoted by a cognitive stimulation program on cognition and subjective memory complaint in elderly people of a Senior Center. Ten elderly people participated in the program, which consisted of nine weekly meetings that addressed several aspects, focusing on episodic and operational memory, and language. Significant improvement in memory and language cognitive domains after the workshop was observed, as well as increased subjective complaints of memory.
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos promovidos por un taller de memoria sobre cognición y quejas de memoria subjetiva en personas mayores en un Centro Comunitario. Diez personas mayores participaron en el taller, que consistió en nueve reuniones semanales que abordaron diversos aspectos, centrándose en la memoria episódica, operativa y del lenguaje. Se observó una mejora significativa en los dominios cognitivos de memoria y lenguaje después del taller, así como un aumento en las quejas de memoria subjetiva.
