[Clinical results in the management of mycoses using 5-fluorocytosine]. / Klinische Ergebnisse bei der Behandlung von Mykosen mit 5-Fluorozytosin.

Among the approved antimycotic remedies for the general treatment nystatin and amphotericin B of the group of polyenes, griseofulvin (benzofuran), 5-fluorocytosine (antimetabolite) as well as clotrimazol and micomazol (imidazol derivatives) may be mentioned. The preparation 5-fluorocytosine (ancotil) is a valuable enlargement of the hitherto used sortiment of antimycotics. It does not only supersede the hitherto approved orally effective, not absorbed preparations nystatin and clotrimazol as well as the resorbable griseofulvin and also not the intravenously applicable amphotericin B. In many cases it can substitute the more effective amphotericin B and has the essential advantage of the lacking or more insignificant side effects, respectively, compared with the loaded in this respect amphotericin B. On account of the danger of the development of resistance 5-fluorocytosine is to be avoided for local treatment.

[Results of cellular immune reaction assessment under 5-fluorocytosine therapy]. / Ergebnisse der Beurteilung zellulärer Immunreaktionen unter der Behandlung mit 5-Fluorozytosin.

In the judgment of cellular immune reactions with the help of LTT, taking into consideration age-specific variations in generalised mycoses negative and decreased results, respectively, are found after testing with PHA, PPD, in the mixed culture and with candidine. After overcoming of the generalisation of fungi the finding normalised. While using metabolites in other clinical pictures always a decrease of the cellular immune reaction is found, under treatment with 5-fluorocytosin in generalised mycoses no decrease of the transformation of lymphocytes is to be observed. Here after successful therapy even an adequate increase is shown. The examinations confirm the opinion that 5-fluorocytosin does not condition an influence on the function of the T-lymphocytes.

[Dependence of age and cell-mediated immunity by newborn and adult children (author's transl)]. / Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung zellgebundener Immunreaktionen vom Neugeborenen- bis zum Adoleszentenalter.

In a course study the parameters of cellular immunoreaction were elaborated in more than 100 childrens by means of the lymphocyte transformations test and the macrophage migration inhibitiontest. Homologous and autologous lymphocytes were used as antigens. In addition tests were performed with PHA-M, PPD and bacterial antigens. In the center of the research is the problem of the functional structure of the stem-cell pool and the regulatory mechanisms of the systems as a whole. This basis biological property is the prerequisite for many reactions of the cellular immune system. Therefore, lymphocyte transformation tests appear to be a valuable diagnostic approach to define primary and secondary immuno deficiency associated with different diseases. The various results in the lymphocyte transformation test are presented in relation to age, diagnosis and treatment.

[Influence on the function of lymphocytes in children with generalised mycosis during treatment with 5-fluorocytosin (author's transl)]. / Untersuchungen über die Beeinflussung der Lymphozytenfunktion bei Kindern mit generalisierten Mykosen unter der Behandlung mit 5- Fluorocytosin.

After LT Tests with PHA, PPE and Candidin in mixed cultures negativ or decreased results of cellular immunoreactions were obtained in cases of generalised mycosis, taking into account age-specific variations. The generalised form of mycosis having disappeared, the findings returned to normal. While in other diseases the use of metabolites always diminishes cellular immunoreactions, there is no decrease of lymphozyte transformation during treatment with 5-fc in mycosis. After a successful therapy even an increase may be found in this case. Our studies confirm the opinion that 5-FC does not influence the function of T-lymphocytes.

[Studies on the manufacture of hematological and cytological specimens using the centrifugation technic]. / Untersuchungen zur Herstellung hämatologischer und zytologischer Präparate mit der Technik der Zentrifugalpräparation.

Centrifugal preparation (Cp) represents a method of creating haematological parameters which, in addition to a qualitative improvement of representing single cells, is suitable to produce reproducible haematological smear preparations. In qualitative and quantitative respect centrifugal preparations will reflect the intravasal conditions better than the common blood smear technique. Further advantages are the concentration of cellular elements and in connection with it the opportunity of finding cells rarely present. With a small amount of work centrifugal preparations enable counting values to be established as well as cytological and cytochemical findings from the venous blood to be obtained. As a result of the test it turned out that the common glass slides cannot be replaced by plastic foils ones without certain disadvantages appearing. First investigations of attempting to represent cells in culture medium as well as analyzing liquors and processing other biological liquids with the help of the centrifugal preparation technique brought unsatisfactory results. Centrifugal preparation provides the possibility of performing pre-programmed haematological examinations beginning with blood collection and ending up in the evaluation by a computer.

[Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of leukoses in childhood]. / Aspekte bei der Diagnostik und Therapie von Leukosen im Kindesalter

30 TO 40% of all malignant neoformations in childhood are leukaemias. Within this group 80 to 85% of acute lymphatic leukaemias are found. The indicating signs (conditioned by the suppression of the normal myelopoiesis) are briefly described, differential diagnosies are only mentioned. Primary diagnostics and diagnostics of the course, the principles of remission induction and continuous therapy in leucaemia are sketchily described. Treatment of acute lymphatic leukaemia is performed adequate to the therapeutic scheme after Pinkel Prophylaxis of the central nervous system must be demanded. Modern therapeutic methods with the help of synchronisation and oncobiogramme are demonstrated. The possibilities of the symptomatic therapy in disease-conditioned and therapy-conditioned complications and side-effects occupy a somewhat broader space. Finally the principles of the organisation of the treatment of leukaemia in childhood are described.

[Prerequisites and possibilities of immunotherapy in acute leukemias]. / Voraussetzungen und Möglihkeiten der Immuntherapie akuter Leukämien

Nowadays there are references that immuno-reactions of patients with carcinoma against tumour-associated antigens are of essential significance for the development and progressing of tumours. Also the frequent appearance of neoplasms in primary immunodeficiency syndromes indicates this fact. Also in human leukaemias there exist leukaemia-associated antigens. Humoral as well as cell-bound immunoreactions may be proved. Possibly leukaemia-associated immunoglobulins are blocking factors which prevent the cellular immunoreactions against leukaemia-associated membrane antigens. The presence of specific reactions against antigens on leukaemia-cells was the condition for a successful immunotherapy. Despite many theoretical possibilities the immunotherapy in the clinic at present restricts to the BCG-vaccination and to the application of living or irradiated leukaemia-cells. The hitherto reported results are encouraging.

[Age-dependence of the cellular immune reaction in childhood. 2. Studies on children with acute lymphatic leukemias]. / Zur Altersabhängigkeit der zellulären Immunreaktion im Kindesalter. 2. Mitteilung: Untersuchungen bei Kindern mit akuten lymphatischen Leukämien.

Results of studies made using the lymphocyte transformation test for leukemic children showed that an evaluation of cellular immunoreactions subsequent to the administration of szecific and nonspecific antigens as well as in the mixed culture is inadequate to recognize the characteristics of age-specific changes. A comparison of the rates of transformation in healthy children with those of leukemic children showed that age-specific characteristics are superseded by disease-specific changes.