Two treatment methods for stormwater sediments--pilot plant and landfarming--and reuse of the treated sediments in civil engineering.

The aim of this research was to present a pilot plant for the treatment of stormwater sediments and to compare the decontamination rate to that obtained by landfarming. The possibilities for reuse of the treated sediments in civil engineering are also studied. Four sediments from retention/infiltration ponds or from street sweeping were studied. In each case organic matter (OM), total hydrocarbons (TH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were measured. Geotechnical tests were carried out to evaluate the reuse possibilities of the treated sediments. Treatment by means of the pilot plant was efficient at reducing TH and PAH concentrations: THs were reduced by 53-97% and PAHs were decreased by 60-95%. By comparison, a reduction of 45-75% in TH concentration is obtained with landfarming, whereas there is no significant decrease in PAHs. Furthermore, geotechnical tests showed that the treated fractions from the pilot plant can be reused as road embankments and as a capping layer. These results are most encouraging and show that stormwater sediments can valuably be reused after treatment in a pilot plant. Landfarming is less efficient but this technique could be used as a pretreatment in the case of high TH pollution.

[Frequency of germ isolation from urinary infections in community practice; their sensitivity to 7 antibiotics including a combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Evaluation on 1611 samples]. / Fréquence d'isolement des germes d'infection urinaire en pratique de ville; leur sensibilité à sept antibiotiques dont l'association amoxicilline-acide clavulanique. Bilan sur 1,611 prélèvements.

A multicenter study including 10 outpatient private laboratories (hospital laboratories excluded) was carried out in France. 1,611 urines samples from patients with UTI were collected during the forth trimester of 1987. The most frequently recovered pathogens were: E. coli (71%), Proteus mirabilis (9%), Staphylococcus coagulase (6%), Klebsiella (6%), Enterobacter (2%). Other sorts (Streptococcus D, Proteus sp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter sp) were infrequent (less than 1%). The sensitivity of the aerobic Gram-negative bacteria to ampicillin, clavulanic acid-amoxicillin, cephalothin, gentamicin, pipemidic acid, norfloxacin and co-trimoxazole was tested.

[The frequency of isolating urinary infection germs at a community practice and their sensitivity to various antibiotics]. / Fréquence d'isolement de germes d'infection urinaire en pratique de ville et leur sensibilité aux différents antibiotiques.

Nine hundred and thirty one urine's specimens of patients affected by urinary infection have been studied by pathology practising in different towns in France. The most frequently germs retrieved are: Escherichia coli 76%, Proteus mirabilis 12%, Klebsiella 5%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 2%. Were studied Gram negative rods sensibility to ampicillin (A), cephalosporin 1st generation (C), nalidixic acid (Nal), gentamicin (G), norfloxacin (Norf); Gram positive cocci resistance to oxacillin (Oxa), erythromycin (E), pristinamycin (P), gentamicin (G), norfloxacin (Norf). For E. coli: the resistance was 24% A, 2% C1, 0.1% G, 4% Nal, 0.1% Norf. For Klebsiella: the resistance was respectively 96% A, 12% C1, 10% Nal, 18% G., 4% Norf. For P. mirabilis: 11% A, 3% C1, 0% Nal, 9% G, 0% Norf. E. coli strains cephalo R; Gram negative rods Genta R or quinolone R; staphylocoque oxa R or pristina R have been checked by HIA Begin microbiology laboratory. Discrepancies in results have been analysed. This study enabled the participants to improve their bacteriological technic, antibiogramm's reading, results' interpretation.

[Lymphoblast transformation test in osteoarticular tuberculosis]. / Le test de transformation lymphoblastique dans les tuberculoses ostéo-articulaires

Bacteriological proof of an osteoarticular tuberculous lesion is difficult to obtain, notably in Pott's disease. The authors, on the basis of earlier work in the field of pulmonary pathology, wished to assess the value of the lymphocyte transformation test in the diagnosis of this disease. Old tuberculin from the Pasteur Institute and LP48 tuberoulin were used at different concentrations. Out of 10 tuberculous patients (8 with Pott's disease and 2 with white tumours), 9 had positive tests, of which 7 were strongly positive ; the average transformation value was 13 percent. This positiveness was a function of the condition of the patient, of the extent of the lesions, and of the treatment. Of the 25 control patients affected by an infectious, nonmicrobial or other osteoarticular process, 17 gave negative results in the test, and 8 were positive, two of whom had high values. The average transformation value was 4 percent. From this study it seems that a negative result in the LTT is a valuable argument against the diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculois ; a weak positive result indicates tuberculin hypersensitivity without absolutely defining evolution of tuberculois ; a strongly positive test may be encountered in hyperergic states connected with prolonged infectious conditions in bones or joints.