Predictors associated with night sleep disturbance among breastfeeding women.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of somnological disorders among Kazakhstani women who breastfeed and to assess the association of this phenomenon with some medical and social characteristics. METHODS: The authors used the standardized questionnaire of A.M. Vein and Y.I. Levin to assess nocturnal sleep among 1101 breastfeeding women in the Republic of Kazakhstan, applied Pearson's chi-square test to study the correlation between sleep disturbances and duration of breastfeeding, and multiple logistic regression to assess the influence of various medical and social factors on somnological disorders. Data collection occurred in February 2023. RESULTS: On average, 80% of breastfeeding women (ranging from 79% to 85.9%) experienced some form of nocturnal sleep disorders, with no significant association found between these disorders and breastfeeding duration (p = 0.234), while urban residence, history of operative delivery, child's health issues, and low satisfaction levels with various aspects were associated with over twofold increased odds of experiencing sleep disorders (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The elevated prevalence of nocturnal sleep disorders among breastfeeding Kazakhstani women serves as a risk indicator for adverse health outcomes, with predictors including place of residence, obstetric complications, child health issues, and satisfaction levels with social conditions and personal expression opportunities.

Diagnostic significance of blood lymphocyte activation markers in pre-eclampsia.

The adaptive and innate immune system is important in both initiating and preventing functional disorders during pregnancy, one of which is pre-eclampsia. The research aims to conduct the comparative quantification of selected subpopulations of peripheral blood immunoregulatory cells in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia in the third trimester. The marker receptors CD4, CD8, CD95, CD25, and CD27 and the marker antigen HLA-DR were considered. The screening was performed by flow cytometry with dual phenotyping using phycoerythrin- and fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled monoclonal antibodies. Data processing consisted in calculating a likelihood value to assess the statistical significance of the difference between the samples. A statistically significant decrease in the subpopulation titer of T and B lymphocytes with marker receptors CD4, CD8, and CD19 was found in pre-eclampsia patients. In the CD4 carrier T-lymphocyte population, there was an increased expression of the CD25/CD95 activation and apoptosis markers. In the CD8 T-killer population, a decreased representation of the CD27/CD25/CD95 markers of differentiation, activation, and apoptosis was deterministic. The expression pattern of the major histocompatibility complex antigen HLA-DR did not change significantly in normality and pathology. The titer of peripheral natural killer cells carrying the CD56 marker increased in patients with various degrees of disease severity, while the number of CD16 natural killer remained at the level of the control group. The research results suggest that a change in the ratio of the above receptors is a diagnostic indicator for pre-eclampsia.