RESUMO
Introduction: Diabetes, one of the major global health emergencies of the 21st century, can affect a patient's quality of life. A compromised quality of life has adverse effects on self-care practices, resulting in inadequate glycemic control and an increased susceptibility to complications. In Ethiopia, there is a paucity of information regarding the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, this study aimed to assess health-related quality of life in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending diabetes follow-up clinics in selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa using short form- 36 (SF-36) health survey measures. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the characteristics of the study participants. Simple and multiple linear regressions were done to identify significantly associated factors with health-related quality of life. Result: A total of 309 patients participated in this study. The mean scores of the physical and mental component summaries were 40.15 (SD = 7.27) and 48.11 (SD = 8.87), respectively. Being old, being overweight or obese, living with type 2 diabetes mellitus for more than fifteen years, taking combined medication, having diabetes-related complications, and having comorbidities were factors that reduced the mean score of the physical component summary (p-value<0.05). Being obese and diabetes related complication were factors that negatively affect mental component summary (p-value <0.05). On the other hand, being married was factors that positively affect mental component summary (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: Older age, being married, obesity, overweight, longer duration of diabetes, using combined medications, diabetic-related complications, and co-morbidities were factors associated with health-related quality of life. Healthcare providers should strengthen counseling patients on lifestyle modifications such as diet modifications, and weight reduction.
RESUMO
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Type 2 DM has a strong hereditary background. A study of the dermatoglyphic features can help in the early identification of people with a genetic predisposition to develop type 2 DM. Purpose of the Study: The study was aimed to compare the finger and palmar dermatoglyphics features in type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients and to evaluate the association with other variables. Patients and Materials: Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in one referral hospital and three primary hospitals located in Gedeo Zone. Three hundred ninety study participants (130 type 2 diabetics and 260 non-diabetics) from adult OPD and diabetic clinics were included in the study. The association among different dermatoglyphics variables was analyzed using the chi-square test. An independent t-test was conducted to analyze the mean difference and to test the significance of numerical variables. A statistically significant association was declared at P-value <0.05. Results: In the present study, a total of 3900 digits (1300 from type 2 diabetic and 2600 non-diabetic) were analyzed for distribution of digital dermatoglyphic patterns. Loop pattern is found to be the commonest in both study groups with a prevalence of 65.8% and 60.7% among type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics, respectively. Both the right-left axial tri-radius angle was significantly higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients compared to non-diabetic study participants. Total finger ridge counts and absolute finger ridge counts showed no significant difference in both groups. Conclusion: The study revealed Loop pattern was more frequent in type 2 DM compared to non-diabetic study participants. Whorl type was more common than arch type in non-diabetic patients compared to type 2 DM groups. The result also showed tri-radius angle is significantly wider in diabetic groups in both hands.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Measuring portal vein diameter (PVD) is a feasible method of detecting portal vein hypertension, which is a primary and fatal complication of chronic liver disease (CLD) and is usually diagnosed very late. However, there is a paucity of morphometric information on portal vein diameter in the Ethiopian population. Hence, it is important to determine the portal vein diameter among adults with and without chronic liver disease. PURPOSE: The study aimed to identify how PVD is affected by age, sex, and anthropometric measurements in patients with and without CLD. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 participants (110 CLD patients and 110 controls) who have visited the radiology unit at selected Hospitals. Patients with CLD were selected consecutively as they present while controls were selected by a systematic sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Correlation and independent t-test were used to assess the relations. A statistically significant association was declared at P-value <0.05. RESULTS: Mean portal vein diameter for CLD patients was 17.03±1.97 mm with a range of 12.8-20.8mm and 10.79±1.27mm with a range of 7.70-13.25mm for the control group. Age, weight, and body mass index had a positive correlation with portal vein diameter in both groups. The mean portal vein diameter increased by 21.34% during deep inspiration in the control group. CONCLUSION: The mean portal vein diameter among patients with CLD was higher than that of the control group. A significant gender-based difference was recorded in the portal vein diameter of the control group only. Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, readily available diagnostic tool for portal vein pathology. RECOMMENDATION: It is recommended for clinicians to take into consideration age, sex and anthropometric measurements while measuring PVD.
