RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to determine the incidence of infection due to Mycobacterium kansasii in Elche, Spain over the last 10 years and to study the activity of new antibiotics against the strains isolated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study of patients and study of antibiotic susceptibility in vitro. RESULTS: The annual incidence of infection by this microorganism was 2.66 cases/ 1,000,000 inhabitants per year. In patients with AIDS, the incidence increased to 571.4 cases/1,000,000 inhabitants per year. Gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin exhibit better in vitro activity than levofloxacin; in some strains, a synergism exists between rifampi cin/fluoroquinolones and rifampicin/linezolid. CONCLUSION: In Elche, infections due to M. kansasii are uncommon. It is necesary to continue evaluating the activity of fluoroquinolones and linezolid.
Assuntos
Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/epidemiologia , Mycobacterium kansasii/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas/microbiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
FUNDAMENTO Y OBJETIVO: Conocer la infección por Mycobacterium kansasii en Elche en los últimos 10 años y estudiar la actividad de nuevos antibióticos frente a las cepas aisladas. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes y de la sensibilidad antibiótica in vitro. RESULTADOS: La incidencia anual de este microorganismo es de 2,66 casos/1.000.000 habitantes y año. En pacientes con sida, la incidencia se eleva a 571,4 casos por 1.000.000 habitantes y año. El gatifloxacino y el moxifloxacino presentan mejor actividad que el levofloxacino. En algunas cepas existe sinergismo entre la rifampicina/fluoroquinolonas y la rifampicina/linezolid. CONCLUSIONES: Las infecciones por M. kansasii son poco frecuentes en nuestro medio. Se debe ampliar la evaluación de la actividad de las fluoroquinolonas y el linezolid. (AU)
Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Publicidade , Tabagismo , Espanha , Tabagismo , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Incidência , Indústria do Tabaco , Infecções Respiratórias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Abandono do Uso de Tabaco , Mycobacterium kansasii , Antibacterianos , Cooperação Internacional , Infecções por Mycobacterium não Tuberculosas , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
We evaluated the Binax NOW rapid immunochromatographic membrane test (ICT) for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae urinary antigen in a population-based prospective study of adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). ICT was performed with urine samples obtained from 452 (91.7%) of 493 patients enrolled. Pneumococcal antigen was detected in 19 (70.4%) of 27 patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. The test results were more frequently positive for patients who had not received antibiotics before testing (26.6% vs. 12.1%; P=.002). Only 16 (10.3%) of 156 samples obtained from patients with nonpneumococcal pneumonia yielded a positive result. Of the 269 patients who had pneumonia with no pathogen identified, antigen was detected in 69 (25.7%). With conventional microbiological criteria used as the "gold standard," the test had a sensitivity of 70.4% and a specificity of 89.7%. Testing concentrated urine samples with the ICT may be a useful technique for rapid diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia in adults with CAP.
