RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) refers to any stage of glucose intolerance that begins or is first noticed during pregnancy. GDM has long been an issue in Saudi Arabia. When a pregnant woman who does not already have diabetes is unable to produce enough insulin, GDM develops. GDM patients not only run the danger of developing a number of health issues for themselves but also for the health of their developing fetus. The first step in GDM screening during pregnancy is raising awareness of the condition. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted to assess knowledge and attitudes with regard to GDM among pregnant women in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia. The sample size was 539 females from obstetrics and gynaecology clinics in civil and military hospitals. Data collection was done using a valid questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 539 women were included in the study, spanning various age groups from under 20 to above 40 years, with pregnancy occurrences ranging from one to four times. Most participants exhibited strong understanding, with 410 (76.1%) demonstrating awareness of GDM, and 382 (70.9%) having a clear grasp of its definition. Additionally, a majority displayed positive attitudes toward managing GDM. CONCLUSION: The Saudi women who participated in this study showed good knowledge of GDM and its risk factors, as well as a good attitude regarding the management of GDM and lifestyle modification to reduce its complications. The participants gave adequately logical answers about the sources of information about GDM and about the barriers to effective GDM management. A highly significant association was noticed between knowledge and attitude regarding GDM among the participants (p = <0.001).
RESUMO
Intussusception (ISN) is a dangerous condition where a portion of the intestine slides into an adjacent area of the intestine. This telescoping motion frequently prevents liquids or food from flowing through. Developing management guidelines for ileocolic (IC) intussusception was the aim of this systematic study. Data sources were PubMed/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scopus, and Embase databases. Our review investigated English-language articles (from 2010 to 2023) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Overall, there were 15 articles. Surveys and analyses of national databases were the most widely used methods (n=15). The search identified 561 studies; 15 were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. Further understanding of the management of intussusception may help improve evaluation and management in the future. The use of preventive antibiotics does not reduce problems following radiologic reduction. When clinically appropriate, repeated attempts at enema reduction may be made. After the enema reduction of ileocolic intussusception, patients can be safely watched in the emergency room (ER), thereby avoiding hospitalization. Success rates for laparoscopic reduction are high. When it comes to intussusception in children who are hemodynamically stable and do not have a serious illness, there is no need for pre-reduction antibiotics. Prioritizing nonoperative outpatient (OP) therapy is recommended as the primary approach, with the utilization of minimally invasive procedures to avoid the necessity for laparotomy. The management of colonic intussusception involves complete removal in one piece, while enteric intussusception can be addressed through reduction followed by resection. A targeted approach is recommended, recognizing the intermediate forms of intussusception that may exist between the colonic and enteric types. It is essential to note that the prevailing treatment for adult intussusception remains to be surgical intervention.
