Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 34
Filtrar
1.
Vascular ; : 17085381231214596, 2024 Jan 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38281943

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Many techniques are available for the intraoperative assessment of brain perfusion during carotid endarterectomy, such as carotid stump pressure, near-infrared spectroscopy, somatosensory evoked potentials, transcranial Doppler, electroencephalography, and clinical assessment. The decision for selective carotid shunt insertion is dependent on clinical deterioration or the detection of cerebral hypoperfusion after cross-clamping of the internal carotid artery. Monitoring cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique for cerebral oxygen saturation measurement, reflecting changes in cerebral blood flow during carotid endarterectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of near-infrared spectroscopy as a predictor of selective shunting during carotid endarterectomy. METHODS: In total, 47 conventional carotid endarterectomy surgeries were performed at our hospital between March 2016 and December 2021. All surgeries were performed under a regional cervical block supplemented with local infiltration anesthesia. All patients were monitored by cerebral oximetry using bilateral near-infrared spectroscopy probes and clinical assessment through communication with the patient (numerical, visual, and verbal) to indicate a selective shunt. Near-infrared spectroscopy values were recorded before and after internal carotid cross-clamping and after declamping. Any decrease in ipsilateral cerebral oximetry-near-infrared spectroscopy values equal to or more than 20% from the pre-clamping baseline reading associated with deterioration in neurological status (hemiparesis, aphasia, or deterioration in level of consciousness) after internal carotid artery cross-clamping was considered an indication for intraluminal carotid shunting. RESULTS: After internal carotid artery cross-clamping, 5 of 47 patients (10.6%) developed a significant drop in cerebral oxygen saturation associated with obvious clinical assessment deterioration in verbal communication and weakness in contralateral arm power. A Pruitt-Inahara carotid shunt was subsequently inserted, and 42 patients remained stable throughout surgery. The average decline in ipsilateral near-infrared spectroscopy values was 23.8% in patients with clinical deterioration. The average decline was 8.6% in patients who remained stable. CONCLUSIONS: Monitoring ipsilateral cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy is an easy and reliable method for indicating selective shunting during carotid endarterectomy. A 20% decrease in ipsilateral brain tissue oximetry after internal carotid artery cross-clamping provides a reliable cut-off value for selective intraluminal carotid shunting during carotid endarterectomy.

2.
J Invertebr Pathol ; 198: 107922, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37068730

RESUMO

Locusts occasionally represent a danger in Africa despite intensive management measures, leading to severe yield loss and a commensurate loss of food and money. The laboratory assessment of the toxicity of the Photorhabdus luminescens bacteria and its cell-free filtrate used Schistocerca gregaria nymphs in the second and fifth nymphs as test insects. Greater mortality was seen in locust nymphs of the second and fifth instars due to the high levels of toxicity produced by the bacterial suspension and its cell-free filtrate. The amounts of protein, fat, and carbohydrates in the treated locusts were drastically reduced. For the treated second and fifth instar nymphs of the desert locust, adverse effects on the muscular layers of the midgut and the muscles in the jumping legs were investigated.


Assuntos
Gafanhotos , Photorhabdus , Animais , Insetos
3.
Saudi Med J ; 42(11): 1201-1208, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34732552

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical profiles and outcomes of young adults presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, registry between January 2016 and November 2017 for all patients younger than 45 years old who were admitted with STEMI. We compared this study population to a control group of patients aged 45 years and older who were enrolled in the same period. RESULTS: In total, 402 patients were enrolled; 197 were younger than 45 years. The incidence of newly diagnosed dyslipidemia was higher in younger patients (44% vs. 32%, p=0.01). Smoking was significantly more prevalent in the younger group (52% vs. 35%, p=0.001). The prevalence of pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock on presentation was significantly higher in the older group (3% vs. 10; odds ratio, 4.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.750-10.94; p=0.002). Hospital stay was also longer in the older group (4±2 vs. 5±2 days, p=0.03). CONCLUSION: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in young patients has a favorable outcome. Smoking and dyslipidemia are the main risk factors for STEMI in young individuals. The majority of young patients with dyslipidemia were not aware of their pre-existing condition. Our findings recommend local adaptation and implementation of screening programs for dyslipidemia in the young and the reinforcement of smoking prevention programs.


Assuntos
Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST , Arritmias Cardíacas , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/epidemiologia , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
4.
Malar J ; 19(1): 358, 2020 Oct 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33028361

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Malaria, malnutrition and anaemia are major public health problems in Yemen, with Hodeidah being the most malaria-afflicted governorate. To address the lack of relevant studies, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and its relation to nutritional status and haematological indices among schoolchildren in Bajil district of Hodeidah governorate, west of Yemen. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 schoolchildren selected randomly from four schools in Bajil district. Data about demographic characteristics, risk factors and anthropometric measurements of age, height and weight were collected. Duplicate thick and thin blood films were prepared, stained with Giemsa and examined microscopically for malaria parasites. The density of P. falciparum asexual stages was estimated on thick films. EDTA-blood samples were examined for the haematological indices of haemoglobin (Hb) and blood cell counts. RESULTS: Plasmodium falciparum was prevalent among 8.0% (32/400) of schoolchildren with a mean parasite density of 244.3 ± 299.3/µL of blood and most infections showing low-level parasitaemia, whereas Plasmodium vivax was detected in one child (0.25%). Residing near water collections was a significant independent predictor of falciparum malaria [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.6, 95.0% CI 1.20-5.72; p = 0.016] in schoolchildren. Mild anaemia was prevalent among more than half of P. falciparum-infected schoolchildren and significantly associated with falciparum malaria (AOR = 5.8, 95.0% CI 2.39-14.17; p < 0.001), with a mean Hb concentration of 10.7 ± 1.0 g/dL. Although the mean values of the total white blood cells, monocytes and platelets were significantly lower in infected than non-infected schoolchildren, they were within normal ranges. More than half of the children were malnourished, with stunting (39.3%) and underweight (36.0%) being the most prevalent forms of malnutrition; 6.3% of children were wasted. Underweight (AOR = 5.3, 95.0% CI 2.09-13.62; p < 0.001) but not stunting or wasting, was a significant predictor of falciparum malaria among schoolchildren. CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic falciparum malaria is prevalent among schoolchildren in Bajil district of Hodeidah Governorate, with predominance of low parasitaemic infections and significant association with mild anaemia and underweight. Residence near water collection is a significant predictor of infection with falciparum malaria among schoolchildren. Further studies among children with severe malaria and those with high parasite densities are recommended.


Assuntos
Anemia/epidemiologia , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Magreza/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Malária/epidemiologia , Masculino , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Plasmodium falciparum/fisiologia , Prevalência , Iêmen/epidemiologia
5.
Int J Surg Case Rep ; 76: 227-230, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33049648

RESUMO

Aortic dissection originates from isolated tear in the abdominal aorta is rare but potentially life or limb-threatening condition particularly if misdiagnosed. It may have a number of clinical presentations with potentially serious adverse effects and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient with an acute onset of abdominal pain radiating to the back and the buttocks together with presence or absence of a pulsatile abdominal mass, signs of limb ischemia, or discernible risk factors. Surgical and endovascular treatments are two valid options for these cases according to their clinical and anatomical considerations with acceptable results. We present a quite unusual case of a spontaneous supraceliac isolated abdominal aortic dissection with contained peri-aortic hematoma and manifesting as acute persistent abdominal pain. Better illustration of the natural history of this ill-defined pathology is needed to understand and improve patient care.

6.
Case Rep Pediatr ; 2020: 3290460, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32373380

RESUMO

Carotid artery agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly, and there are controversies in the leading cause for it. We present a 6-year-old girl with resolved focal neurological ischemic stroke that showed bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) agenesis. Through this paper, we highlight the carotid canal congenital obliteration hypothesis as it may be a risk for such finding.

7.
Ann Parasitol ; 65(3): 217-223, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31578845

RESUMO

The majority of the population in Yemen lives in rural areas and suffers from parasitic infections. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitoses and schistosome infections among the students enrolled in the primary schools in Hajjah governorate ­ north of Yemen, along with an assessment of praziquantel (PZQ) in the treatment of microscopy-confirmed cases of Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium. For this purpose, 780 samples (320 stool and 460 urine) were examined microscopically. The present study revealed an overall infection rate of 75.3% (241/320) with intestinal parasites and Schistosoma mansoni. The detected parasite species included Entamoeba histolytica (27.8%), Hymenolepis nana (12.2%), Giardia lamblia (9.7%), Entamoeba coli (9.4%), S. mansoni (9.1%), Ascaris lumbricoides (6.9%), Trichuris trichiura (3.1%), Enterobius vermicularis (2.8%) and Ancylostoma duodenale (2.2%). Schistosoma haematobium was prevalent among 1.7% (8/460) of the investigated students. On the other hand, PZQ yielded a cure rate of 75.7% of Schistosoma-infected students when administered at 40 mg/kg body weight. However, a 100% cure rate was achieved when administered at 60 mg/kg body weight. Therefore, the findings of the present study highlight the importance of monitoring PZQ efficacy through large-scale studies in different settings endemic for schistosomosis in the country.


Assuntos
Enteropatias Parasitárias , Praziquantel , Esquistossomose , Animais , Criança , Fezes/parasitologia , Humanos , Enteropatias Parasitárias/tratamento farmacológico , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/parasitologia , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , Prevalência , Schistosoma haematobium , Esquistossomose/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose/epidemiologia , Esquistossomose/parasitologia , Esquistossomose Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose Urinária/epidemiologia , Esquistossomose Urinária/parasitologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomose mansoni/epidemiologia , Esquistossomose mansoni/parasitologia , Estudantes , Resultado do Tratamento , Urina/parasitologia , Iêmen/epidemiologia
8.
Avicenna J Med ; 9(2): 48-54, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31143697

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To assess left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). BACKGROUND: Mechanical synchronization disorder leads to a decrease in LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and stroke volume, an abnormal distribution of wall tension, and increase in workload during cardiac contraction. METHODS: We enrolled 56 participants, 36 with acute STEMI and 20 healthy controls. The automatically color-coded time to peak myocardial velocity was measured using a 6mm sample volume, manually positioned within the two-dimensional-tissue strain image of the 12 basal and middle LV segments. RESULTS: A significant delay was found between the septal-lateral and septal-posterior walls in patients with STEMI compared to patients in the control group (36.36 vs. -6.0ms, P = 0.036; and 42.7 vs. 23.94ms, P = 0.042, respectively). Furthermore, all segment maximum differences and all segment standard deviation (SD; dyssynchrony index) were found to be significantly higher in the STEMI group (131.28 vs. 95.45ms, P = 0.013; and 44.47 vs. 26.45ms, P = 0.001, respectively). A significant delay between the septal-lateral walls and septal-posterior walls, all segment maximum difference, and all segment SD (dyssynchrony index) were found in patients with complicated STEMI (70.89 vs. 15.83ms, P = 0.038; 57.44 vs. 19.06ms, P = 0.040; 138.11 vs. 100.0ms, P = 0.035; and 45.44 vs. 32.50ms, P = 0.021, respectively). There was a significant negative correlation between tissue synchronization imaging parameters and LVEF, and a positive correlation with LV end systolic dimension. CONCLUSION: Patients with acute STEMI showed significant LV dyssynchrony, which was an independent predictor of inhospital complications.

9.
Saudi Med J ; 39(4): 395-400, 2018 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29619492

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting on the symptoms of chronic heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Globally, more than one billion Muslims fast during Ramadan. Data regarding the effect of fasting in heart failure patients with a reduced ejection fraction are limited. METHODS: We prospectively studied 249 outpatients with HFrEF who undertook Ramadan fasting at tertiary care cardiac center in Saudi Arabia in 2017. We obtained information regarding the clinical assessment, diagnosis, emergency department visits, and hospitalization during and in the month preceding Ramadan. RESULTS: We enrolled 249 patients, 227 (91%) undertook the fast for the entire month. During Ramadan, 209 (92%) patients remained hemodynamically stable, whereas 18 (8%) developed instability. The mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class was significantly lower in the stable than in the unstable group (1.46±0.7 vs. 3.22±0.55, p less than 0.0001), although no intergroup differences were observed before Ramadan. Patients from the unstable vs. the stable group showed significantly less adherence to medications (67% vs. 94%, p less than 0.0001) and to diet (39% vs. 79%, p less than 0.0001), and a lower likelihood of demonstrating ischemic cardiomyopathy as an underlying etiology of HFrEF (33% vs. 57%, p=0.046). Dependent t-test analysis including all patients showed that the NYHA classification before Ramadan was significantly higher than during Ramadan (2.19±0.9 vs. 1.6±0.8, t-value 8.5, p less than 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In most patients with chronic HFrEF, Ramadan fasting is considered safe. Non-adherence to medication and diet are significantly associated with decompensated heart failure during Ramadan.


Assuntos
Dieta , Jejum/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Islamismo , Adesão à Medicação , Adulto , Idoso , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Insuficiência Cardíaca/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Arábia Saudita , Volume Sistólico , Avaliação de Sintomas
10.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 12(3): e0006329, 2018 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29505580

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Onchocerciasis in Yemen is one of the most neglected diseases, where baseline estimates of onchocerciasis and monitoring of the impact of ivermectin regularly administered to the affected individuals on its transmission are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the anti-Ov16 IgG4 seroprevalence among local communities of Hodeidah and Al-Mahwit governorates of Tihama region. The factors possibly associated with previous exposure to infection were also studied. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two ivermectin-targeted districts endemic for onchocerciasis in Hodeidah and Al-Mahwit and two untargeted districts with unknown previous endemicity in Hodeidah between February and July 2017. For 508 residents sampled by a multi-stage random approach, data were collected and blood specimens were screened for anti-Ov16 IgG4 using the SD BIOLINE Onchocerciasis IgG4 rapid tests. The study revealed an overall anti-Ov16 IgG4 rate of 18.5% (94/508) in all surveyed districts, with 10.2% (12/118) of children aged ≤10 years being seropositive. Moreover, rates of 8.0% (4/50) and 6.1% (4/66) were found in districts not officially listed as endemic for the disease. Multivariable analysis confirmed the age of more than ten years and residing within a large family as the independent predictors of exposure to infection. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Onchocerciasis transmission is still ongoing as supported by the higher anti-Ov16 IgG4 seroprevalence rate among children aged ≤10 years compared to that (<0.1%) previously set by the World Health Organization as a serologic criterion for transmission interruption. Further large-scale studies combining serologic and entomologic criteria are recommended for the mapping of O. volvulus in human and blackfly populations in endemic foci and their neighboring areas of uncertain endemicity. In addition, ivermectin distribution, coverage and impact on disease transmission need to be continually assessed.


Assuntos
Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Onchocerca volvulus/efeitos dos fármacos , Oncocercose/tratamento farmacológico , Oncocercose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/sangue , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Doenças Endêmicas , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Insetos Vetores/parasitologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Oncocercose/transmissão , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Simuliidae/parasitologia , Iêmen/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
11.
Biomark Med ; 12(2): 129-139, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29338319

RESUMO

AIM: miRNAs may act as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of mesothelioma. This study integrates serum  miR-548a-3p and miR-20a expression based on in silico data analysis followed by clinical validation in malignant mesothelioma patients (malignant pleural mesothelioma [MPM]). PATIENTS & METHODS: Serum miR-548a-3p and  miR-20a level was assessed in the serum of patients with MPM, chronic asbestos exposure and healthy volunteers by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: The expression of serum miR-548a-3p and  miR-20a was positive in 91.6 and 96.7% MPM patients, respectively. Both miRNAs were able to segregate between cases and controls. The sensitivity of the combined chosen serum miRNAs reached 100% in the diagnosis of MPM. CONCLUSION: The current work revealed that sera miR-548a-3p and miR-20a may serve as promising novel diagnostic tools for MPM.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Mesotelioma/diagnóstico , MicroRNAs/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Área Sob a Curva , Amianto/toxicidade , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Exposição Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Mesotelioma/genética , Mesotelioma/patologia , Mesotelioma Maligno , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Curva ROC , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fumar
12.
Acta Trop ; 178: 252-257, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29217380

RESUMO

Along with the determination of malaria infection rate among suspected patients attending hospitals in Hodeidah governorate, the present study evaluated the accuracy of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein-2 (PfHRP-2)/parasite-specific lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH)-based rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for the diagnosis of microscopy-confirmed falciparum malaria. An overall malaria infection rate of 19.3% (57/295) among suspected patients attending hospitals was microscopically confirmed. The sensitivity of thin blood films for the detection of malaria parasites was 79.0% compared to thick films and was greatly affected by the parasite density, being 65.0% or less at parasite densities of ≤1000 parasites/µl of blood. Compared to light microscopy, the present study revealed sensitivity levels of 100.0% (95% CI: 92.0-100.0) vs. 94.7% (95% CI: 84.2-98.6), specificity levels of 97.3% (95% CI: 89.8-99.5) vs. 100.0% (95% CI: 93.9-100.0), positive predictive values of 89.9% (95% CI: 88.3-99.0) vs. 100.0 (95% CI: 91.6-100.0) and negative predictive values of 100.0% (95% CI: 93.9-100.0) vs. 98.7% (95% CI: 89.3-98.7) for the PfHRP-2 and pLDH components of SD BIOLINE® RDT, respectively, for falciparum malaria diagnosis. Therefore, the overall accuracy levels of the PfHRP-2 and pLDH components of the investigated RDT for the diagnosis of microscopy-confirmed falciparum malaria are 98.5% (95% CI: 94.6-99.6) and 97.7% (95% CI: 93.5-99.2), respectively.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Protozoários/imunologia , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/imunologia , Malária Falciparum/diagnóstico , Plasmodium falciparum , Proteínas de Protozoários/imunologia , Adolescente , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Malária Falciparum/parasitologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Especificidade da Espécie , Iêmen/epidemiologia
13.
Biomark Med ; 11(8): 641-656, 2017 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28770611

RESUMO

AIM: This study integrates autophagy transcripts miRNAs expression based on bioinformatic analysis followed by clinical validation. METHODOLOGY: Cellular jun proto-oncogene mRNA, LAMP2 mRNA, miR-16 and miR-146a level were investigated in the serum and tissue of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), chronic hepatitis C and healthy volunteers by quantitative real-time PCR. The prognostic power of this serum RNA panel was explored. RESULTS: The expression of serum cellular jun proto-oncogene mRNA, LAMP2 mRNA, miR-16 and miR-146a were positive in 85.1, 94, 97.1 and 84.2% HCC patients, respectively and they were correlated with tissue levels. Our results suggested that the chosen panel is an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with HCC. CONCLUSION: The current work provides four RNA-based biomarker panel for HCC diagnosis and prognosis.

14.
J Diabetes Complications ; 31(10): 1491-1498, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28760651

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We identified and validated novel urinary autophagy markers in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) based on bioinformatics analysis and clinical validation. PATIENTS & METHODS: We retrieved three novel autophagy genes related to DKD from public microarray databases, namely; microtubule-associated protein light chain (MAP1LC3A), WD Repeat Domain, Phosphoinositide Interacting 2 (WIPI2), and RB1-Inducible Coiled-Coil 1 (RB1CC1). Secondly we assessed the expression of the chosen autophagy transcript in urine sediment of 86 patients with DKD and 74 (age and sex matched) controls by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: The urinary expression levels of MAP1LC3A, WIPI, RB1CC1 were significantly lower in DKD than control group (P<0.001).The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses that each urinary autophagy transcript showed high sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing DKD from control (MAP1LC3A, 81.4% and 81.1%; WIPI, 74.4% and 67.6%, and RB1CC1, 81.4%,70.3%, respectively). Notably, a negative correlation was found between these autophagy markers, serum creatinine and urinary albumin creatinine ratio. The sensitivity and specificity of this urinary autophagy based panel reached 90.6% and 60% in diagnosis of DKD. CONCLUSION: We identified and validated a novel diagnostic urinary autophagy based panel with high sensitivity and moderate specificity representing a vital player in the pathogenesis of DKD.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Nefropatias Diabéticas/urina , Regulação para Baixo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos/metabolismo , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/urina , Idoso , Albuminúria/etiologia , Autofagia , Proteínas Relacionadas à Autofagia , Biomarcadores/urina , Proteínas de Transporte/genética , Estudos de Coortes , Biologia Computacional , Nefropatias Diabéticas/diagnóstico , Nefropatias Diabéticas/metabolismo , Nefropatias Diabéticas/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Rim/metabolismo , Rim/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Ligação a Fosfato , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Insuficiência Renal/complicações , Insuficiência Renal/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Renal/metabolismo , Insuficiência Renal/fisiopatologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
15.
J Infect Dev Ctries ; 10(6): 667-72, 2016 Jun 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27367017

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Although toxoplasmosis is an important public health problem, there is scarcity of data on the disease available from Yemen. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in health facilities to determine seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Sana'a, the capital city of Yemen. METHODOLOGY: A total of 593 pregnant women were included and examined for anti-T. gondii antibodies (Ab) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bio and socio-demographic data were collected by pre-tested structured questionnaires through face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 45.4% (95% confidence interval: 41%-49%). The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM was 43.7 (95% CI: 40-%48%) and 9.1% (95% CI: 7%-12%), respectively. About 7.4 (95% CI: 6%-10%) of pregnant women were seropositive for both IgG and IgM Abs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following risk factors for toxplasmosis (IgG and/or IgM): age ≥ 25 years (adjusted OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.44-2.84, p < 0.001), rearing cats in the house (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.20-2.55, p = 0.004), and contact with soil (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.32-2.75, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The study reported high seroprevalence among pregnant women in Sana'a, Yemen, with a high proportion of pregnant women having a possibility of acute toxoplasmosis. This highlights the need for including routine screening for T. gondii in pregnant women in the country's antenatal clinics. In addition, health education on the mode of transmission of toxoplasmosis should be provided for pregnant women in Yemen.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Toxoplasma/imunologia , Toxoplasmose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Instalações de Saúde , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Iêmen/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
16.
World J Gastroenterol ; 22(26): 5896-908, 2016 Jul 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27468184

RESUMO

Gastric cancer (GC) is a global health problem and a major cause of cancer-related death with high recurrence rates ranging from 25% to 40% for GC patients staging II-IV. Unfortunately, while the majority of GC patients usually present with advanced tumor stage; there is still limited evidence-based therapeutic options. Current approach to GC management consists mainly of; endoscopy followed by, gastrectomy and chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. Recent studies in GC have confirmed that it is a heterogeneous disease. Many molecular characterization studies have been performed in GC. Recent discoveries of the molecular pathways underlying the disease have opened the door to more personalized treatment and better predictable outcome. The identification of molecular markers is a useful tool for clinical managementin GC patients, assisting in diagnosis, evaluation of response to treatment and development of novel therapeutic modalities. While chemotherapeutic agents have certain physiological effects on the tumor cells, the prediction of the response is different from one type of tumor to the other. The specificity of molecular biomarkers is a principal feature driving their application in anticancer therapies. Here we are trying to focus on the role of molecular pathways of GC and well-established molecular markers that can guide the therapeutic management.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Humanos , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Prognóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo
17.
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 10(7): 869-77, 2016 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27215316

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) have emerged as key elements in modulating gene expression in different biological contexts. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We used quantitative real-time PCR (Qpcr) to evaluate the expression of lncRNA-UCA1 and C-JUN in serum of 70 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 32 patients chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 38 healthy subjects and their correlation with different clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: The expression of lncRNA-UCA1 and C-JUN was positive in 91.4%HCC patients with strong discriminating power between HCC and healthy subjects and CHC patients as well. The median follow up period was 29 months. The survival analysis showed that both lncRNA-UCA1 and C-JUN were independent prognostic factors. Of note, we identified C-JUN expression changes consistent with the lncRNA-UCA1 target regulation. CONCLUSION: This information sheds light on the possible role of lncRNA-UCA1 and C-JUN mRNA as promising diagnostic and prognostic markers as well as potential therapeutic targets in HCC.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-jun/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Área Sob a Curva , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/sangue , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Progressão da Doença , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Hepáticas/sangue , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-jun/sangue , RNA Longo não Codificante/sangue , RNA Mensageiro/sangue , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Curva ROC , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo
18.
Mol Diagn Ther ; 20(3): 265-77, 2016 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27113935

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The circulating transcriptome (coding and non-coding) plays a critical role in cancer. Novel accurate strategies for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are strongly needed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We chose an HCC-specific RNA-based biomarker panel based on the integration of differential lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) gene expression with its selected epigenetic regulators using bioinformatic methods. This was followed by RT-qPCR validation in serum of 78 patients with HCC, 36 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection and 44 healthy volunteers. We used risk-score analysis to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the serum profiling system. Moreover, in twenty of the 78 HCC cases involved in the study we examined the expression of RNA-based biomarker panel in both HCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues and assessed their correlation with the serum level of this panel. RESULTS: The four ribonucleic acid (RNA)-based biomarker panel [long non-coding RNA-C terminal binding protein, androgen responsive (lncRNA-CTBP), microRNA-16-2 (miR-16-2), microRNA-21-5-P (miR-21-5p) and LAMP2], had high sensitivity and specificity for discriminating HCC from healthy controls and also from CHC patients. Among these four RNAs, serum miR-16-2 and miR-21-5p were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: The circulatory RNA-based biomarker panel can serve as a potential biomarker for HCC diagnosis and prognosis.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , RNA/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/sangue , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Comorbidade , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/sangue , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , RNA/sangue , Curva ROC , Fatores de Risco , Carga Tumoral
19.
Malar J ; 15: 130, 2016 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26932794

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Republic of Yemen has the highest incidence of malaria in the Arabian Peninsula, yet little is known of its vectors or transmission dynamics. METHODS: A 24-month study of the vectors and related epidemiological aspects of malaria transmission was conducted in two villages in the Taiz region in 2004-2005. RESULTS: Cross-sectional blood film surveys recorded an overall malaria infection rate of 15.3 % (250/1638), with highest rates exceeding 30 % in one village in May and December 2005. With one exception, Plasmodium malariae, all infections were P. falciparum. Seven Anopheles species were identified among 3407 anophelines collected indoors using light traps (LT) and pyrethrum knockdown catches (PKD): Anopheles arabiensis (86.9 %), An. sergentii (9 %), An. azaniae, An. dthali, An. pretoriensis, An. coustani and An. algeriensis. Sequences for the standard barcode region of the mitochondrial COI gene confirmed the presence of two morphological forms of An. azaniae, the typical form and a previously unrecognized form not immediately identifiable as An. azaniae. ELISA detected Plasmodium sporozoites in 0.9 % of 2921 An. arabiensis (23 P. falciparum, two P. vivax) confirming this species as the primary malaria vector in Yemen. Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites were detected in An. sergentii (2/295) and a single female of An. algeriensis, incriminating both species as malaria vectors for the first time in Yemen. A vector in both wet and dry seasons, An. arabiensis was predominantly anthropophilic (human blood index = 0.86) with an entomological inoculation rate of 1.58 infective bites/person/year. Anopheles sergentii fed on cattle (67.3 %) and humans (48.3; 20.7 % mixed both species), but only 14.7 % were found in PKDs, indicating predominantly exophilic behaviour. A GIS analysis of geographic and socio-economic parameters revealed that An. arabiensis were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in houses with televisions, most likely due to the popular evening habit of viewing television collectively in houses with open doors and windows. CONCLUSIONS: The predominantly indoor human biting vectors recorded in this study could be targeted effectively with LLINs, indoor residual spraying and/or insecticide-treated window/door curtains reinforced by education to instil a perception that effective and affordable malaria prevention is achievable.


Assuntos
Anopheles/parasitologia , Insetos Vetores/parasitologia , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Malária Falciparum/transmissão , Plasmodium falciparum , Comportamento Social , Animais , Humanos , Malária Falciparum/parasitologia , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Fatores de Risco , Televisão , Iêmen/epidemiologia
20.
Parasitol Res ; 113(4): 1481-7, 2014 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24562760

RESUMO

Increased gametocytemia in infections with resistant strains of Plasmodium species and their enhanced transmissibility are a matter of concern in planning and evaluating the impact of malaria control strategies. Various studies have determined weekly gametocyte carriage in response to antimalarial drugs in clinical trials. The advent of molecular biology techniques makes it easy to detect and quantify gametocytes, the stages responsible for transmission, and to detect resistant genotypes of the parasite. With the validation of molecular markers of resistance to certain antimalarial drugs, there is a need to devise a simpler formula that could be used with these epidemiological antimalarial resistance tools. Theoretical models for transmission of resistant malaria parasites are difficult to deploy in epidemiological studies. Therefore, devising a simple formula that determines the potential resistant-genotype transmission of malaria parasites should provide further insights into understanding the spread of drug resistance. The present perspective discusses gametocytogenesis in the context of antimalarial treatment and drug resistance. It also highlights the difficulties in applying the available theoretical models of drug resistance transmission and suggests Rashad's devised formula that could perhaps be used in determining potentially transmissible resistant genotypes as well as in mapping areas with high potential risk for the transmission of drug-resistant malaria. The suggested formula makes use of the data on gametocytes and resistant genotypes of malaria parasites, detected by molecular techniques in a certain geographical area within a particular point in time, to calculate the potential risk of resistant genotype transmission.


Assuntos
Resistência a Medicamentos/genética , Malária/transmissão , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Plasmodium falciparum/genética , Animais , Antimaláricos/farmacologia , Genótipo , Humanos , Malária/tratamento farmacológico , Modelos Teóricos
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...