RESUMO
An evaluation was made of the risk of contamination by faecal parasites in the population from the use of wastewater in agriculture. The study was based in 3 rural clusters in the northern region of Settat city, Morocco: 2 rural clusters exposed to untreated wastewater in agriculture and 1 not exposed. The sample comprised 333 people aged 3-60+ years: 214 exposed and 119 non-exposed. Stool samples were collected and examined for intestinal parasites. The results showed that the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis (i.e. evidence of at least 1 type of parasite) in the exposed group was significantly higher that the non-exposed group (66.4% versus 31.9%; relative risk 2.1). The household crowding index was also higher in the exposed group.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/etiologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Enteropatias Parasitárias/etiologia , Eliminação de Resíduos , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/diagnóstico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Análise por Conglomerados , Estudos Transversais , Aglomeração , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Habitação , Humanos , Higiene , Enteropatias Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Marrocos/epidemiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional/análise , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Saúde da População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Distribuição por SexoRESUMO
An evaluation was made of the risk of contamination by faecal parasites in the population from the use of wastewater in agriculture. The study was based in 3 rural clusters in the northern region of Settat city, Morocco: 2 rural clusters exposed to untreated wastewater in agriculture and 1 not exposed. The sample comprised 333 people aged 3-60+ years: 214 exposed and 119 non-exposed. Stool samples were collected and examined for intestinal parasites. The results showed that the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis [i.e. evidence of at least 1 type of parasite] in the exposed group was significantly higher that the non-exposed group [66.4% versus 31.9%; relative risk 2.1]. The household crowding index was also higher in the exposed group
Assuntos
Poluição da Água , Medição de Risco , Agricultura , População Rural , Fezes , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Enteropatias ParasitáriasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This investigation was undertaken to assess the risk linked to the use of raw sewage waters in agriculture, and the prevalence of Giardia intestinalis. DESIGN: The survey was made on 214 individuals, average age 28.6+/-19.4 years, belonging to two douars using raw sewage waters in agriculture, and 119 individuals, age 31.8+/-19.5 years, belonging to a control douar not using raw sewage waters. These three douars are located in around the city of Settat, in Morocco. Every consenting individual was given a complete clinical examination and 3 stools samples were collected in 3 consecutive days. RESULTS: The prevalence of G. intestinalis in the exposed population was 11.7% compared to 2.5% in the control population. The relative risk was 4.6. This difference is statistically significant. The most concerned individuals were essentially children between 3 and 14 years of age. Close contact was an important factor of infection in the exposed population, with a higher prevalence in the case of high promiscuity index. In the exposed population, more than 50% of the cases were familial ones. Giardiasis causes a trophic state, essentially in children. CONCLUSION: The use of the raw sewage waters in agriculture is responsible for an increased risk of giardiasis. Some preventive measures are mandatory, including hygiene education and an adequate treatment of sewage waters.
