[Assessment of the physical development in children with short bowel syndrome based on selected anthropometric parameters]. / Ocena rozwoju fizycznego dzieci z zespolem krótkiego jelita na podstawie wybranych parametrow antropometrycznych.

INTRODUCTION: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) results from partial surgical resection of small bowel and requires parenteral nutrition. Aim of the study was to assess physical development and nutrition status of children with SBS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study sample included 176 patients (56 girls and 120 boys) aged from 3 to 10 years. All measured anthropometric parameters were standardized for gender using the Polish body height, weight, head and chest circumference reference charts. All measurements were taken in the Division of Anthropology in Children's Memorial Health Institute according to the standard technique. z-scores were calculated. RESULTS: The statistically significant differences between children with SBS and healthy population in anthropometric features were found. CONCLUSIONS: Physical development of children with SBS is slower than in their healthy peers. The differences were particularly evident among boys. Periodic anthropologic assessment is useful in adjusting energy intake to the individual needs.

[Estimation of the correlation of insulin resistance and selected adipocytokines in children with simple obesity--preliminary study]. / Ocena zwiazku insulinoopornosci z wybranymi adipocytokinami u dzieci z otyloscia prosta--badania wstepne.

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance--a key element of the metabolic syndrome--is observed in children with simple obesity. Adipose tissue is producing bioactive substances called adipocytokines. Some of them may play a role in the development of insulin resistance. AIM OF THE STUDY: Estimation of the frequency of insulin resistance and its correlation with leptin, adiponectin and resistin levels in children with simple obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The 53 children (BMI>97 centile), mean age 13.57 years. Mean BMI was +4.04 SDS. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed. Insulin levels at 0' < or = 15 microIU/mL and/or insulin peak during OGTT < or = 150 microIU/mL and/or peak at 120' < or =75 microIU/mL were established as normal values. Homa ratio was calculated. Patients were divided into groups depending on the presence or absence of hyperinsulinemia / insulin resistance. Concentrations of adiponectin, leptin, resistin were measured. RESULTS: In 13.23 % children various types of hyperglycemia were diagnosed and hyperinsulinemia in OGTT was noted in 83.02 %. Severe insulin resistance (HOMA>3) was diagnosed in 71.82 %. In the hyperinsulinemia group higher glucose levels in OGTT were stated comparing to the non hyperinsulinemia group. In children with insulin resistance, higher BMI and SD BMI were observed. In this paper results of correlations of adipocytokines levels and anthropometric parameters or carbohydrates metabolism in children with / without insulin resistance are presented. CONCLUSIONS: In children with severe insulin resistance adiponectin concentrations correlate negatively with glucose levels, there is a positive correlation of adiponectin and glucose and insulin in a group without severe insulin resistance. In patients with insulin resistance leptin concentrations correlate positively with the degree of obesity and insulin levels in OGTT.