[Personal experience in the diagnosis and monitoring of therapy in metabolic disorders with risk of crystallization in patients with recurrent urolithiasis]. / Nase zkusenosti s diagnostikou a monitorováním lécby metabolických poruch a rizik krystalizace u pacientu s recidivující urolitiázou.

A ten-year experience with diagnosis and therapy of metabolic abnormalities and crystallization risks in patients with recurrent urolithiasis is presented. Since 1985, more than 900 persons with recurrent urolithiasis have been examined at the Metabolic Centre of the Hospital in Sternberk. The patients were examined routinely at ambulance or during hospitalization; the examination consisted of repeated urine and blood collections after the diet with various content of calcium and salt. All initial data (case history, physical finding, biochemistry, radiodiagnostics) were processed by a semi-expert computing program SOFT which was also used for monitoring of the therapy. Then the patients were divided into individual risk groups (Pak). Of all probands, the group of 130 patients (satisfying the strict criteria of the study) was selected and the data obtained was processed statistically. The group of 130 patients with recurrent urolithiasis (all of them were drug-treated) was compared to the group of 50 individuals with urolithiasis treated by diet and regimen measures. The patients given drugs showed a significantly increased crystallization inhibitors concentration in urine and reduced crystallization promotors, or relative saturation of some lithiatic substances. The paper analyzes the effect of the mostly administered drugs on crystallization risks and some less known "metabolic" indications of application of some drugs are recommended. It is concluded that the dietary, drinking and regime measures are basic for a good therapy of patients with urolithiasis, but patients with recurrent urolithiasis should be applied a selective metaphylaxis of drugs after routine metabolic examination. This finding is supported by a low number of recurrent urolithiasis.

[Laparoscopy in urology]. / Laparoskopie v urologii.

In the introduction the author analyzes the history of laparoscopy and explains the ways and means how the originally purely diagnostic method developed gradually into a modern, minimally invasive endoscopic surgical technique which with increasing frequency is used by gynaecologists, surgeons as well as urologists. Next the author discusses contemporary indications of laparoscopic operations in urology, he makes the reader familiar with instruments required for surgery and technical principles of its implementation. The author mentions the causes of possible complications and draws attention to contraindications of the operation. In the conclusion he evaluates the perspectives of further development of laparoscopic operations in urology.

[Personal experience in treatment of urolithiasis using the MEDILIT M6 extracorporeal lithotriptor]. / Nase zkusenosti s lécbou urolitiázy extrakorporálním litotryptorem MEDILIT M6.

The authors report on their experience with the destruction of kidney stones with the lithotriptor MEDELIT M6 of Medipo Co. BRNO on the development of which they participated. They checked 878 patients where the instrument was used and where the condition of a half-year interval after the operation had been met. In these patients 119 operations were made 87% of which were successful. No serious complications occurred; after operation they observed in 17% of the patients complications ensuing from a block of the ureter by the passing stones. The extracorporeal lithotriptor MEDELIT M6 is a reliable instrument with a low rate of defects and cheap operation which makes accurate X-ray and sonographic focusing on the stone possible as well as adequate disintegration of the concrement without damaging surrounding tissues. It is comparable with instruments of the same generation manufactured abroad.

Triorchidism.

Polyorchidism is a rare congenital abnormality. This is a case of triorchidism that was suggested preoperatively by scrotal sonography.

[Late complications after transvesical prostatectomy]. / Spätkomplikationen nach transvesikaler Prostatektomie.

The authors critically estimate the long-term results of transvesical prostatectomies mainly from the view of the late complications. They focus their attention to the disturbance of the continence and the micturition, to the complications of the surgical wound healing and bladder stones created after the operation. They compare the late results of transvesical prostatectomy performed in two great groups of patients (524 and 864) during two periods of ten years through different technique. On the conclusion they discuss the reason of mentioned complications.