Atrapamientos y choques extraarticulares de la cadera: revisión de la literatura / Extra-articular hip impingement: a review of the literature

El dolor inguinal o de cadera es un motivo de consulta muy frecuente. Debido a las múltiples causas que pueden generarlo, y a que en muchas ocasiones comparten características clínicas y demográficas, las pruebas de imagen desempeñan un papel complementario en el diagnóstico etiológico. Se han descrito nuevas formas de atrapamiento extraarticular de la cadera como causa de dolor y limitación funcional, en especial en pacientes jóvenes activos. Incluyen el atrapamiento isquiofemoral, el choque subespinoso o de la espina iliaca anteroinferior, el atrapamiento del iliopsoas y el choque pélvico-trocantéreo. De forma general, se deben a un problema mecánico que conduce al contacto anormal o excesivo entre el fémur proximal y la pelvis ósea, o las partes blandas interpuestas. Realizamos una revisión actualizada de estas formas de atrapamiento extraarticular de la cadera, describiendo la fisiopatología, las manifestaciones clínicas, los hallazgos radiológicos más comunes y el tratamiento

Hip and groin pain is a common clinical problem. Multiple causes can generate hip or groin pain, often sharing clinical and demographic characteristics. Diagnostic imaging tests play an important role in the etiological diagnosis. New forms of extra-articular hip impingement have recently been recognized as a cause of hip pain and limited function especially in young active patients. These conditions include ischiofemoral impingement, anterior inferior iliac spine and subspine impingement, iliopsoas impingement and greater trochanteric-pelvic impingement. In general, they are caused by a mechanical conflict with an abnormal or excessive contact between the proximal femur and pelvis and/or soft tissue between them. In this manuscript we review the physiopathology, clinical presentation, the most common radiologic findings and treatment of these forms of extra-articular hip impingement

Extra-articular hip impingement: a review of the literature. / Atrapamientos y choques extraarticulares de la cadera: revisión de la literatura.

Hip and groin pain is a common clinical problem. Multiple causes can generate hip or groin pain, often sharing clinical and demographic characteristics. Diagnostic imaging tests play an important role in the etiological diagnosis. New forms of extra-articular hip impingement have recently been recognized as a cause of hip pain and limited function especially in young active patients. These conditions include ischiofemoral impingement, anterior inferior iliac spine and subspine impingement, iliopsoas impingement and greater trochanteric-pelvic impingement. In general, they are caused by a mechanical conflict with an abnormal or excessive contact between the proximal femur and pelvis and/or soft tissue between them. In this manuscript we review the physiopathology, clinical presentation, the most common radiologic findings and treatment of these forms of extra-articular hip impingement.

Actualización en el diagnóstico radiológico de la otosclerosis / Update on the imaging diagnosis of otosclerosis

La otosclerosis es una otodistrofia primaria del hueso temporal que produce una hipoacusia de transmisión progresiva. El diagnóstico es generalmente clínico, pero en ocasiones es necesaria la realización de una tomografía computarizada multidetector (TCMD), que es la técnica de imagen de elección. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una actualización sistemática de la utilidad de las técnicas de imagen en el diagnóstico y la valoración posquirúrgica de la otosclerosis, fundamentalmente del papel de la TCMD, con el fin de disminuir el riesgo quirúrgico (AU)

Otosclerosis is a primary osteodystrophy of the temporal bone that causes progressive conductive hearing loss. The diagnosis is generally clinical, but multidetector CT (MDCT), the imaging technique of choice, is sometimes necessary. The objective of this article is to systematically review the usefulness of imaging techniques for the diagnosis and postsurgical assessment of otosclerosis, fundamentally the role of MDCT, to decrease the surgical risk (AU)

Update on the imaging diagnosis of otosclerosis. / Actualización en el diagnóstico radiológico de la otosclerosis.

Otosclerosis is a primary osteodystrophy of the temporal bone that causes progressive conductive hearing loss. The diagnosis is generally clinical, but multidetector CT (MDCT), the imaging technique of choice, is sometimes necessary. The objective of this article is to systematically review the usefulness of imaging techniques for the diagnosis and postsurgical assessment of otosclerosis, fundamentally the role of MDCT, to decrease the surgical risk.

Genome-wide identification of human- and primate-specific core promoter short tandem repeats.

Recent reports of a link between human- and primate-specific genetic factors and human/primate-specific characteristics and diseases necessitate genome-wide identification of those factors. We have previously reported core promoter short tandem repeats (STRs) of extreme length (≥6-repeats) that have expanded exceptionally in primates vs. non-primates, and may have a function in adaptive evolution. In the study reported here, we extended our study to the human STRs of ≥3-repeats in the category of penta and hexaucleotide STRs, across the entire human protein coding gene core promoters, and analyzed their status in several superorders and orders of vertebrates, using the Ensembl database. The ConSite software was used to identify the transcription factor (TF) sets binding to those STRs. STR specificity was observed at different levels of human and non-human primate (NHP) evolution. 73% of the pentanucleotide STRs and 68% of the hexanucleotide STRs were found to be specific to human and NHPs. AP-2alpha, Sp1, and MZF were the predominantly selected TFs (90%) binding to the human-specific STRs. Furthermore, the number of TF sets binding to a given STR was found to be a selection factor for that STR. Our findings indicate that selected STRs, the cognate binding TFs, and the number of TF set binding to those STRs function as switch codes at different levels of human and NHP evolution and speciation.

Amiloidosis peritoneal AA. Presentación de un caso que simula carcinomatosis peritoneal / Peritoneal AA amyloidosis simulating peritoneal carcinomatosis: a case report

La amiloidosis es un grupo de enfermedades de depósito, que se clasifican dependiendo del tipo de fibras que se acumulan y sus características.Puede afectar a cualquier órgano. La presentación clínica se manifiesta según los órganos o sistemas afectados.Presentamos una paciente con antecedentes de tiroiditis de Hashimoto y síndrome constitucional, que consultó por dolor abdominal. A la exploración se objetivó una masa palpable en mesogastrio. La TC demostró engrosamiento mural segmentario del colon con infiltración peritoneal adyacente y extensión a la raíz del mesenterio, con abundante ascitis.El diagnóstico histológico fue amiloidosis peritoneal (AU)

Amyloidosis is a group of deposition diseases that are classified according to the type of fibers accumulated and their characteristics.It can affect any organ. The clinical presentation depends on the organs and systems involved.We present the case of a patient with a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and systemic symptoms who presented with abdominal pain. Physical examination detected a palpable mass in the umbilical region. CT showed thickening of the wall of the colon with infiltration of the adjacent peritoneum and extension to the root of the mesentery with abundant ascites.The histological diagnosis was peritoneal AA amyloidosis (AU)

[Peritoneal AA amyloidosis simulating peritoneal carcinomatosis: a case report]. / Amiloidosis peritoneal AA. Presentación de un caso que simula carcinomatosis peritoneal.

Amyloidosis is a group of deposition diseases that are classified according to the type of fibers accumulated and their characteristics. It can affect any organ. The clinical presentation depends on the organs and systems involved. We present the case of a patient with a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and systemic symptoms who presented with abdominal pain. Physical examination detected a palpable mass in the umbilical region. CT showed thickening of the wall of the colon with infiltration of the adjacent peritoneum and extension to the root of the mesentery with abundant ascites. The histological diagnosis was peritoneal AA amyloidosis.

A structural model of the relationships between perceived control and adaptation to illness in women with breast cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To examine whether perceived control produces better adaptation to illness in breast cancer patients in stages I or II. DESIGN: Longitudinal, 1-year following study. METHODS: One hundred and one women were assessed on five occasions: one week after surgery, and again 1, 3, 6 and 12 months later, using, among other measures, the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS: Structural equation models confirmed that patients with higher perceived control showed better adaptation to illness in all five assessments. CONCLUSIONS: These data fit well with previous research and suggest that psychological interventions which emphasize a sense of personal control would be effective in enhancing well-being in breast cancer patients at the early stages.

Nature of drug resistance and predictors of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients seen at the Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

SETTING: This study was conducted at the University of the Philippines--Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH), Manila, Philippines. OBJECTIVES: To determine the nature of drug resistance among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and to establish clinical predictors of drug-resistant tuberculosis. DESIGN: Descriptive, prospective study. METHODS: Patients with positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were interviewed regarding past history of anti-tuberculosis treatment, BCG vaccination, chest X-ray and family contact. M. tuberculosis isolates from 299 patients were tested for susceptibility to rifampicin, isoniazid (INH), ethambutol and streptomycin using the submerged disc proportion method. Pyrazinamide (PZA) susceptibility test was done with standard laboratory powder in 7H10 media. RESULTS: Of the 299 M. tuberculosis isolates, 17% were fully susceptible to the 5 primary drugs and 54% were resistant to 2 or more drugs (multidrug resistant TB [MDR-TB]). Initial drug resistance rate was high with ethambutol (39%) and INH (17%). Previous history of anti-tuberculosis treatment was significantly associated with MDR-TB (Odds Ratio [OR] 2.44, 95% confidence interval). Incomplete anti-TB treatment taken for longer than 3 months increased the likelihood of MDR-TB (OR 4.6, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The high rate of MDR-TB was associated with previous anti-tuberculosis treatment. The chance of developing MDR-TB was significantly increased when inadequate prior treatment was given for more than 3 months.