[Determination of placental protein 12 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 25) in pleural effusion of various origins]. / Bestimmungen des Plazentaproteins 12 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 25) im Pleuraerguss unterschiedlicher Genese.

It is reported on the possible role of the radioimmunological estimation of placental protein 12 (PP 12; insulin-like growth factor binding protein 25, IGF-BP 25) in pleural effusions of patients with lung cancer, with pleural carcinosis of extrathoracal carcinomas and benign pleural diseases, respectively. There are more PP 12, IGF-BP 25-positive cases at benign diseases than at carcinomas at all. It is discussed the possible importance of PP 12, IGF-BP 25 as a binding protein of growth factor s IGF-I and -II. The clinical validity should be analysed in more detail on the basis of the estimation of more patients.

Circulating levels of placental protein 12 (PP 12) in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy.

Placental protein 12 (PP 12) is a soluble tissue antigen. Immunohistochemical studies have localized PP 12 in the placental syncytiotrophoblast, chorion and amnion, and also in the decidua. During normal pregnancy serum-PP 12 is already raised in the first trimester, there is then a peak at 18 weeks, a gradual fall until 32 weeks, and a moderate increase thereafter. The mean of the healthy control group at 18 weeks of pregnancy was 122.9 +/- 47.5 micrograms/l. The mean of the diabetic group with retinopathy at the same time was 192.2 +/- 78.8 micrograms/l. There was no significant difference between background retinopathy and the proliferative form of diabetic retinopathy. At all times during pregnancy the median values of PP 12 in diabetic pregnancies were significantly (p less than 0.01) above the control values. Increased PP 12 levels in diabetic pregnancy complicated by retinopathy are probably caused by decidual, placental and amniotic leakages.

[Sialic acid concentrations in blood samples as well as in cyst and peritoneal fluid in patients with ovarian cysts and cystic ovarian tumors]. / Sialinsäure-Konzentrationen in Serumproben sowie Zysten- und Peritonealflüssigkeiten bei Patientinnen mit Ovarialzysten und zystischen Ovarialtumoren.

It should be solved the question if the estimation of the TSA-concentrations in various body fluids of patients with ovarian tumour like conditions (n = 11), and benign (n = 28) and malignant (n = 25) cystic ovarian tumours can be used as a tumour marker with an additional clinical information. The determination of the concentrations were carried out in blood sera, cyst and peritoneal fluids. The periodate-thiobarbituric acid-assay was used to measure the TSA-contents. The sensitivity of pre-therapy TSA-concentrations in serum for malignant cystic ovarian tumours is 0.59 at a prevalence of 0.55; the specificity has a value of 0.79. There is no improvement of clinical validity through a pre-therapy TSA/total protein (TP)-ratio in serum (sensitivity 0.41; specificity 0.71). There are no useful clinical data of simultaneous estimation in serum, tumour cystic and peritoneal fluids of the same patient.

[CEA studies in endometrial cancer]. / CEA-Untersuchungen beim Endometriumkarzinom.

In the years 1983 to 1986 concentrations of CEA in serum samples of 63 female patients with endometrial cancer have been estimated with help of a radioimmunoassay. In all histopathological stages 25 per cent elevated CEA-concentrations could be found pretherapeutically. It is given the semilogarithmic representation of the CEA-values of the individual basic lines in the posttherapeutical follow up. Main field for estimations of CEA-concentrations in serum is only the performance of a posttherapeutical monitoring of the operated and irradiated endometrial cancer.

[Detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in cervico-vaginal irrigation fluids]. / Nachweis des carcinoembryonalen Antigens (CEA) in Zervikovaginalspülflüssigkeiten.

CEA estimations are effected in serum samples and in cervico vaginal fluids (n = 144) of patients with cervical condylomas, cytological undecided and cytological positive findings and in follow up performed histology. 21 healthy women were used as a control group. For taking cervico-vaginal fluids 5 ml isotonic NaCl solution were instilled in the fornix vaginae. After that 5 ml of the solution mixed with cervico vaginal fluids were aspirated. A polyclonal anti-CEA-antiserum was applied to radioimmunoassay. Remarkable high concentrations were found in cervico vaginal fluids compared with serum values. (Table: see text). In cases of cervical condylomas and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia significant increased CEA levels were determined in fluids compared with the control group. These results must be seen in consideration that the local CEA concentrations are scattered over a brand range. Regarding to CEA serum concentrations only slight increased values were found in cases of CIN I/II. (table; see text) Therefore CEA-serum estimations are not a diagnostic tool in CIN. The normal range of 10 micrograms/l was exceeded in only one sample of CIN II.

[Placental protein 12 (PP 12) in cyst and peritoneal fluids and serum samples of patients with ovarian cysts and cystic ovarian tumors]. / Das Plazentaprotein 12 (PP 12) in zysten- und Peritonealflüssigkeiten sowie Serumproben von Patientinnen mit Ovarialzysten und zystischen Ovarialtumoren.

Placental Protein 12 (PP 12) concentrations were measured by a radioimmunoassay in cyst and peritoneal fluids and in serum samples respectively of patients with tumor like conditions and benign and malignant cystic ovarian tumours. PP 12 can not recommended as a serum tumour marker in ovarian cancer. It must be proved the value of PP 12 in follow up of ovarian cancer with help of more extensive sample material. There are many cysts in tumour like conditions with measurable PP 12-concentrations.

[Determining binding proteins of progesterones in patients with breast diseases]. / Bestimmung von Bindungsproteinen des Progesterons bei Patientinnen mit Brustdrüsenerkrankungen.

We estimated serum levels of progesterone and the most important binding proteins in follicular and luteal phase at women without breast disease with biphasic or anovulatory cycle and female patients with benign or malignant breast diseases. There was an increase of the median value of acidic alpha-1-glycoprotein in the luteal phase at female patients with premenopausal breast cancer. The importance of serum levels of the bioavailable sexual steroids for the recognition of women with breast diseases is discussed.

[Circulating T cells in patients with breast or genital cancers in the pre-therapeutic phase]. / Zirkulierende T-Zellen bei Patientinnen mit Mamma- oder Genitalkarzinomen in der prätherapeutischen Phase.

There was the evaluation of circulating T-cells with the help of the E-rosette-assay in patients with breast cancer (n = 52), carcinoma of the cervix uteri (n = 29), carcinoma of the endometrium (n = 32) and carcinoma of the ovary (n = 7). Twenty seven healthy female blood donors were used as control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the total and active E-rosette values of the patients with tumours and the control group. Patients with breast cancer pT1N0 had significant lower total E-rosette values (Gpt/l) than patients with higher tumour stadium (p less than 0.05). The white blood cell count showed a statistically significant leucocytosis in cancer patient groups versus control persons (p less than 0.05).

[Protein studies in cystic and peritoneal fluids of ovarian tumors with special reference to CEA]. / Proteinuntersuchungen in zystischen und Peritonealflüssigkeiten von Ovarialtumoren unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des CEA.

The levels of total protein, Ig, AFP, beta-HCG, CEA, SC, SP1 and alpha 2-PAG were measured in cystic and peritoneal effusions obtained from 70 females with benign and malignant ovarian tumors. This study was carried out to test out parameters those are useful for tumor monitoring of ovarian cancer. Our results indicate that determining CEA in peritoneal effusions could be one of useful methods in tumor monitoring of mucinous cystadenocarcinomas in cases of known histology and praetherapeutic estimated CEA levels in cystic or peritoneal effusions. Our results demonstrate that CEA-levels greater than 100 micrograms/l are mostly found in mucinous cystadenocarcinomas and in mucinous cystadenomas, too. High cystic CEA levels support the histology aiming for demonstration of mucinous component.

[CEA determination in aspired fluid of cystic ovarian tumors and ovarian cysts and in ascites and serum samples of patients with ovarian tumors]. / CEA-Bestimmungen in Punktaten von zystischen Ovarialtumoren und Ovarialzysten sowie in Aszites- und Serumproben bei Patientinnen mit Ovarialtumoren.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was assayed by radioimmunoassay in serum of 47 patients with cystic ovarian tumors, in 51 cases of cyst fluids of ovarian tumors and ovarian cysts, and in 16 cases of peritoneal effusions (ascites). In order to differentiate between cystic tumors and retentional cysts there was found, in consideration of a changed prevalence (0.65), a sensitivity of 55% and a specificity of 94%. The predictive value in regard to a positive assay result was 94% and in regard to a negative one was 53%. Elevated CEA-levels in ovarian tumor cyst fluids are mainly diagnostic for mucinous ovarian tumors. In regard to elevated CEA-levels in cyst fluids of ovarian tumors it is claimed the laparotomy and histological investigation.

[Behavior of some tumor markers (secretory immunoglobulin A, pregnancy-associated alpha 2-glycoprotein, circulating immune complexes in the serum of patients with breast tumors]. / Zum Verhalten einiger Tumormarker (sekretorisches Immunglobulin A, schwangerschaftsassoziiertes alpha 2-Glykoprotein, zirkulierende Immunkomplexe im Serum von Patienten mit Mammatumoren.

Concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA), pregnancy associated alpha 2-glycoprotein (alpha 2-PAG) and circulating immune complexes (CIC) were estimated in serum samples of 20 blood donors, 14 patients with benign mamma tumors, 44 patients with mastopathies and 33 patients with breast cancer disease. The proteins were determined by means of the single radial immunodiffusion and the polyethylene glycol precipitation. S-IgA serum concentrations of the cancer group compared with those of the benign tumors, were increased significantly (benign tumors: mean = 40.27 mg/l; s = 15.61; carcinoma disease: mean = 78.87 mg/l; s = 72.80). alpha 2-PAG serum concentrations of the cancer-and benign tumor group as well as the mastopathy group were also increased significantly in comparison with the blood donor group (blood donors: mean = 143.75 mg/l; s = 198.50; benign tumors: mean = 295.85 mg/l; s = 232.64; mastopathies: mean = 190.86 mg/l; s = 177.77; carcinoma disease: mean = 192.52 mg/l; s = 172.88).

[Preliminary stages of endometrial cancer]. / Vorstadien des Endometriumkarzinoms.

Our present knowledge of the precursors of endometrial cancer is reviewed. The endometrial cystic gland hyperplasia, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma in situ are discussed in relation to the development of endometrial cancer.

[Surgical therapy of endometrial cancer]. / Zur operativen Therapie des Endometriumkarzinoms.

Surgery is generally accepted as the basis of therapy in endometrial carcinoma. In stage I disease with well-differentiated lesions (G I), the mainstay and generally accepted basis for management is surgical, usually extrafascial total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In the cases of stage I and dedifferentiated lesions (G II/G III) bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy is performed additionally. The surgical method in stage II lesions is radical abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.

[Clinical value of CEA studies in patients with benign and malignant breast diseases with special reference to oncologic after care]. / Zur klinischen Wertigkeit von CEA-Untersuchungen bei Patientinnen mit gut- und bösartigen Brustdrüsenerkrankungen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der onkologischen Nachsorge.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was assayed by radio immunoassay in serum of 87 patients with breast cancer and 85 patients with benign breast tumors from 1983 to 1986. The sensitivity of 43%, the specificity of 89%, the predictive values in regard to a positive assay result of 75% and in regard to a negative assay result of 67% was determined in consideration of a changed prevalence. It is referred to the importance of the estimation of CEA in the individual diagnosis, monitoring and follow up of patients with breast cancer. It is claimed the follow up for the premature recording of a recurrency the aid of CEA-estimation in always the same technical variant at the same patient.

[Experimental study of pathological and normal early pregnancy with the E rosette test]. / Experimentelle Untersuchung der gestörten und normalen Frühschwangerschaft mit dem E-Rosetten-Test.

The E rosette test was made at 35 women with disturbances in early pregnancy (gestational weeks 8 to 12). 61 women with normal pregnancy and 33 nonpregnant women were taken as control persons. There were no significant differences between procentual and absolute numbers of E rosettes of women with deranged pregnancy, of women with normal pregnancy and nonpregnant women. We did not learn to differentiate between Abortus imminens (with intact pregnancy) and real occurred fetal death by the E rosette test. Pregnant women had higher leucocyte values and procentual lymphocyte rates than nonpregnant women.

[Appendicitis and pregnancy]. / Appendizitis und Schwangerschaft.

In the years of 1981 to 1983 15 pregnant patients had to be operated on because of suspected appendicitis. In 10 patients acute symptoms of inflammation of the appendix could be proved histologically. Morbidity rate was 2.1 per thousand related to a over-all of 4766 births in the 3 years.

[Behavior of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis in a patient with asymmetric mixed gonadal dysgenesis (chromosome pattern 45,XO/46,XY) before and after gonad excision after with arginine, GRH and TRH stimulation]. / Verhalten der hypothalamisch-hypophysären Achse bei einer Patientin mit asymmetrisch gemischter Gonadendysgenesie (Chromosomenmuster 45, XO/46, XY) vor und nach der Gonadenexstirpation auf die Stimulation mit Arginin, GRH und TRH.

In a 12 years old patient with asymmetric mixed gonadal dysgenesis (karyotype 45, XO/46,XY) a stimulation test with arginine, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GRH) and thyreotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was performed before and after exstirpation of the gonads as well as after application of sex steroids. FSH, LH, PRL, HGH, TSH, testosterone and oestradiol were determined by radioimmunoassay. The results show an intact hypothalamo-pituitary axis which reacts with a normal negative feedback with respect to the secretion of gonadotropins after application of sex steroids.

[Use of endometrial biopsy on first day of cycle, CO2-hysterosalpingography, and PSP-hydrotubation in ambulatory diagnosis of female sterility (author's transl)]. / Der Einsatz der Endometriumbiopsie am 1. Zyklustag, der CO2-Hysterosalpingographie und der PSP-Hydrotubation zur ambulanten Diagnostik der weiblichen Sterilität.

Three techniques for ambulatory diagnosis of female sterility are compared and critically assessed for their potential benefits and drawbacks. They are endometrial biopsy on the first day of cycle, hysterosalpingography in combination with CO2 pertubation, and hydrotubation, using 0.06 per cent phenolphthalein (Speck's test). There were many more inherent benefits than drawbacks, primarily with regard to informative value and avoidance of undesirable side effects. Good economy, convenient technical applicability, and relief of ward and operation theatre personnel are additional factors in favour of the above ambulatory approaches.