Whole-genome resequencing reveals the uniqueness of Subei yak.

Subei yak is an essential local yak in the Gansu Province, which genetic resource has recently been discovered. It is a meat-milk dual-purpose variety with high fecundity and relatively stable population genetic structure. However, its population genetic structure and genetic diversity are yet to be reported. Therefore, this study aimed to identify molecular markers of Subei yak genome by whole-genome resequencing, and to analyze the population structure and genetic diversity of Subei yak. This study screened 12,079,496 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers in the 20 Subei yaks genome using whole-genome resequencing technology. Of these SNPs, 32.09% were located in the intronic region of the genome. Principal component analysis, phylogenetic analysis, and population structure analysis revealed that the Subei yak belonged to an independent group in the domestic yak population. A selective clearance analysis was carried out on Subei yak and other domestic yaks, and the genes under positive selection were annotated. The functional enrichment analysis showed that Subei yak possessed prominent selection characteristics in terms of external environment perception, hypoxia adaptation, and muscle development. Further, Subei yak showed excellent muscle fat deposition and meat quality traits. Thus, this study will serve as a reference for discovering population structure, genetic evolution, and other unique traits of Subei yak and for expanding the genetic variation catalog of yaks.

Expression levels of serum biomarkers in adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the expression levels of serum neuron specific enolase (NSE), interleukin-1β (IL-1β)and brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) in adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD), so as to provide reference for the early diagnosis and evaluation of GAD in adolescents.@*Methods@#From March 2020 to February 2023, 97 first episode adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder aged 13-18 years were selected in the study. According to the score of generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire (GAD-7) on admission, they were divided into mild moderate GAD group (58 cases) and severe GAD group (39 cases). At the same time, 90 healthy adolescents who participated in routine physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group. Variance analysis was conducted for comparison among serum NSE, IL-1β and BDNF level. LSD t was applied for further comparison, and the bivariate Pearson linear correlation analysis was carried out for the relationship among serum NSE, IL-1β and BDNF level.@*Results@#The differences among 3 groups of subjects on NSE and IL-1β, and BDNF were of statistical significance( F =10.73, 12.80, 20.67, P <0.01), and the differences between groups were statistically significant ( P <0.05). In the control group, serum NSE level was(8.70±1.35) μg/L, IL-1β was (18.42±5.43) pg/mL, both were the lowest. The levels of NSE and IL-1β in severe GAD group were(14.21±3.25) μg/L, (26.04±5.39)pg/mL, which were the highest. The serum BDNF level in control group was (27.16±4.42) ng/mL, which was the highest; and the severe GAD group was (10.46±3.27) ng/mL, which was the lowest. The bivariate Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that the serum NSE and IL-1β levels in GAD group were negatively correlated with the serum BDNF level ( r =-0.49, -0.57); the serum NSE level was positively correlated with the IL-1β level ( r =0.40) ( P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#The serum levels of NSE and IL-1β are abnormally increased in adolescents with GAD, and the serum levels of BDNF are significantly decreased. The serum levels of NSE, IL-1β and BDNF can be used as detection markers for adolescent GAD, which is helpful for early diagnosis and disease evaluation.

Status of scoliosis and the related factors among 12yearold school students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2021 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the current situation and influencing factors of scoliosis in 12-year-old students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide scientific basis for accurate prevention and control of abnormal spinal curvature.@*Methods@#From October to November 2021, a total of 18 399 students aged 12 were selected by region and school level by stratified random cluster sampling method, and spinal curvature screening and questionnaire survey of common diseases and health influencing factors among students were carried out. Chi squared test was used for single factor analysis, and binary Logistic regression model was used for multi factor analysis.@*Results@#A total of 397 students (2.2%) were detected with abnormal curvature of the spine, including 368 students (2.0%) with scoliosis. Among them, 205 cases were in the lumbar thoracic segment with a detection rate of 1.1%, 173 cases were in the thoracic segment with a detection rate of 0.9%, and 141 cases were in lumbar thoracic segment with a detection rate of 0.8%. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that urban area, economic area(moderate), attending tutorial classes before primary school and class seats never changed regularly were positively correlated with the occurrence of scoliosis among 12 year old students ( OR =1.95,1.67,1.76,1.71, P <0.05). Obesity, attending an average of 3 or 4 physical education classes per week, attending physical fitness and beauty classes before primary school were negatively correlated with the occurrence of scoliosis among 12 year old students ( OR =0.69,0.31,0.36,0.71, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of scoliosis among 12-year-old students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is not optimistic. It should pay attention to the prevention and control of scoliosis in students before the age of 12, actively prevent the occurrence and progress of scoliosis.

Preparation and characterization of an edible metal-organic framework/rice wine residue composite.

In this communication, using rice wine residue (RWR) as the support, an edible γ-cyclodextrin-metal-organic framework/RWR (γ-CD-MOF/RWR) composite with a macroscopic morphology was synthesized. The obtained edible composite is promising for applications in drug delivery, adsorption, food processing, and others.

Revealing the mechanisms of alkali-based magnetic nanosheets enhanced hydrogen production from dark fermentation: Comparison between mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.

In the present study, a dark fermentation system inoculated with mixed culture bacteria (MCB) was developed using prepared alkali-based magnetic nanosheets (AMNSs) to facilitate biohydrogen (BioH2) production. The highest BioH2 yields of 232.8 ± 8.5 and 150.3 ± 4.8 mL/g glucose were observed at 100 (mesophilic condition) and 400 (thermophilic condition) mg/L AMNSs groups, which were 65.4% and 43.3%, respectively, above the 0 mg/L AMNSs group. The fermentation pathway revealed that AMNSs enhanced the butyrate-type metabolic pathway and the corresponding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NADHand NAD+) ratio, and hydrogenase activity was enhanced in mesophilic fermentation. The interaction of AMNSs and MCB suggested that AMNSs could assist in electron transfer and that the released metal elements might be responsible for elevated hydrogenase activity. AMNSs also promoted the evolution of the dominant microbial community and altered the content of extracellular polymers, leading to increased production of BioH2.

Correlation between self-health management, adaptation, and perceived stress among nursing interns in medical school / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore health self-management, adaptation, and perceived stress among nursing interns in medical colleges and universities under the normal prevention and control of COVID-19, and to provide a scientific basis for the health management of practice nursing students.@*Methods@#Medical colleges in the Inner Mongolia region were selected to study 263 nursing student interns by cluster random sampling. The survey was conducted using the Health Self-Management Ability Assessment Scale, the Chinese College Students Adjustment Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale.@*Results@#The total score of health self-management ability of nursing students during internship was (138.31±20.13). The total score of health self-management ability of nursing students with different educational backgrounds and different residence places was statistically significant ( F/t =3.51, 2.46, P < 0.05 ); the total adaptive score was (3.17±0.72); during the epidemic, the total score of perceived stress was (11.52±2.79), and the difference in the total score of perceived stress among nursing students with different educational backgrounds was statistically significant ( t=4.05, P <0.05). Pearson analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between health self-management ability, adaptation, and perceived stress among nursing students during the epidemic period ( r =-0.31, -0.35, P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#There was a close relationship between perceived stress of nursing students and health self-management and adaptation; the educators in medical colleges should actively explore strategies to improve the health self-management ability and adaptation level of nursing students to enhance the psychological adjustment ability of nursing students to maintain good physical and mental health.

Effects of proprioception training combined with core stability training on balance ability of college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effect of proprioception combined with core stability training on the static balance ability and dynamic balance ability of college students, and to provide an experimental basis for studying body balance ability and preventing sports injuries.@*Methods@#In August 2019, 112 non sports students from Shandong Institute of Physical Education were recruited, and 52 subjects were selected as the intervention group and 60 as the control group by random number table method. The intervention group was given proprioceptive training combined with core stability training, while the control group was given core stability training. The static and dynamic balance abilities of the two groups of subjects before and after training were compared.@*Results@#The static balance ability of the intervention group was higher than that before the intervention ( F =2.17， P <0.05) at the 5th and 11th weeks, which were 18.31% and 47.37% higher, respectively. The ability to stand on one foot with eyes closed at the 11th week in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group at the 11th week( t =2.25， P <0.05). After training, the equilibrioception of the intervention group was improved, increasingly improved in the 11th week. And compared with that in intervention group in the 5th and 11th week, the ability was also higher than the balance ability of the intervention group before the intervention( F =2.37， P <0.01), 12.01% and 12.99% higher, respectively.@*Conclusion@#Proprioception and core stability training can effectively improve the static and dynamic balance ability of college students, and the training effect of proprioceptive training combined with core stability training is better than that of core stability training.

Analysis of intestinal flora in Mongolian female students under anxiety in a medical university / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the change in intestinal flora in Mongolian students with anxiety,so as to provide basis for exploring the relationship between flora and secretion expression in vivo.@*Methods@#The Self rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)was used to assess anxiety in medical college students; then a semi structured interview was administered. Fecal samples that met the inclusion criteria were collected and divided into anxiety (SAS score≥50) and control groups (no anxiety, SAS score<50) according to the standard score of SAS. Samples provided by Mongolian female students were selected from each group. The total bacterial DNA was extracted from the fecal samples for PCR amplification and NovaSeq 2x250bp high throughput sequencing was performed for the V3- V4 region of 16S rDNA gene to obtain the biological information of the intestinal flora. The intergroup OTU, structural diversity, significant difference, and LEfSe analyses were performed with information mining of the literature think tanks.@*Results@#Anxiety existed in 23.86% of the Mongolian students,and 16.96% of the Han people. A Chi square test showed no significant difference in detection of anxiety between Mongolian and Han college students ( P =0.07). Analysis of the alpha diversity index showed that the Shannon index, Simpson index, Chao1 index, and Observed species did not differed significantly between the two groups( t =8.0， 9.0 ，6.0，6.5). The difference in abundance of some bacteria was significant at the Class, Order, Family, and Genus levels between the two groups( t =-2.26-2.57，-5.08-3.58，-2.65-2.09， P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The alpha diversity index showed that there was no significant difference in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora between the two groups. While there were significant differences at different classification levels, the results suggest that the structure of intestinal flora can change in students with anxiety.

Single-cell profiling of infiltrating B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures in the TME of gastric adenocarcinomas.

The occurrence and development of gastric adenocarcinoma (gADC) is closely related to the interaction between tumor cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Our objective was to characterize the repertoire of immune cells in the TME of gADC. To analyze the transcriptomic, immune, and spatial information of TME in gADC, we constructed single-cell RNA sequencing, 10 × Genomics V(D)J analysis, multiple immunofluorescence techniques, and OSCmap analysis of 49,765 single cells in seven samples from four gADC patients. Our integrative analysis of B cells demonstrated that a large number of mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-B cells were detected in the gADC tissues, which have mature tertiary lymphatic structures (mTLSs), and almost no MALT-B cells in peripheral blood sample. Moreover, MALT-B cells are a class of IgA+ plasma cells, which are characterized with high expression of complement pathway activation-related genes. Next, natural killer T (NKT) cells mainly exist in gADC tissues accompanied by mTLSs. This study also classified monocytes/macrophages and epithelial cells into benign and malignant types. Interestingly, CSOmap (q < .05) and multiple immunofluorescence (p < .05) results indicated more types of immune cells can be enriched in tissues with mTLSs than normal TLSs, and the density of mTLSs were higher than normal TLSs. Our findings provide novel insights for the signature of immune cells and tumor cells in the TME of gADC with TLSs and highlight the potential importance of IgA-mediated humoral immunity in gADC patients with TLSs.

First-in-Human Trial of EphA2-Redirected CAR T-Cells in Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma: A Preliminary Report of Three Cases at the Starting Dose.

Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain malignancy with limited treatment options. EphA2 is a tumor-associated-antigen overexpressed in glioblastoma. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the promise of EphA2-redirected CAR T-cells against glioblastoma. We conduct the first-in-human trial of EphA2-redirected CAR T-cells in patients with EphA2-positive recurrent glioblastoma and report the results of three patients enrolled as the first cohort receiving the starting dosage (1×106 cells/kg). A single infusion of EphA2-redirected CAR T-cells was administrated intravenously, with the lymphodepletion regimen consisting of fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide. In two patients, there was grade 2 cytokine release syndrome accompanied by pulmonary edema, which resolved completely with dexamethasone medication. Except that, there was no other organ toxicity including neurotoxicity. In both the peripheral blood and cerebral-spinal-fluid, we observed the expansion of CAR T-cells which persisted for more than four weeks. In one patient, there was a transit diminishment of the tumor. Among these three patients, one patient reported SD and two patients reported PD, with overall survival ranging from 86 to 181 days. At the tested dose level (1×106 cells/kg), intravenously infusion of EphA2-rediretected CAR T-cells were preliminary tolerable with transient clinical efficacy. Future study with adjusted dose and infusion frequency of CAR T-cells is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT03423992.

Evaluation of the efficacy of Conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema based on OCTA.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic macular edema (DME) can cause severe vision impairments for patients with diabetes. Recently, Conbercept has shown efficacy on DME with 3-monthly loading dose injection and pro re nata (PRN, 3+PRN) thereafter in retrospectivetrials. Furthermore, there are some other approaches have been recommended such as 2mg bimonthly (2q8) after 5 initial doses, or Conbercept 0.5mg treat-and-extend, however, some patients still have recurrence of the disease after treatment. Therefore, in order to identify more efficacy and safety approach on Conbercept inpatients with DME, a randomized controlled trial will be performed with 6-monthly loading dose injection and PRN (6+PRN) compared with 3+PRN treatments. METHODS: This study is a multicenter, randomized control trial of Conbecept treating DME in China. Patients with type 2 diabetes suffered from DEM who already planned to receive Conbercept treatment will be recruited. All subjects will be randomized divided into either a study agent treatment group (6+PRN) or a control group (3+PRN), and observes the subjects for 48 weeks after initiation of treatment. RESULTS: This study will provide a new powerful evidence of the efficacy and safety of Conbecept treating DME. DISCUSSION: This RTC study will determine whether multiple treatments of Conbercept provide better effectiveness in patients with DME. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR2000032728.

Bartonella rochalimae, B. grahamii, B. elizabethae, and Wolbachia spp. in Fleas from Wild Rodents near the China-Kazakhstan Border.

The Alataw Pass, near the Ebinur Lake Wetland (northwest of China) and Taldykorgan (east of Kazakhstan), is a natural habitat for wild rodents. To date, little has been done on the surveillance of Bartonella spp. and Wolbachia spp. from fleas in the region. Here we molecularly detected Bartonella spp. and Wolbachia spp. in wild rodent fleas during January and October of 2016 along the Alataw Pass-Kazakhstan border. A total of 1,706 fleas belonging to 10 species were collected from 6 rodent species. Among the 10 flea species, 4 were found to be positive for Wolbachia, and 5 flea species were positive for Bartonella. Molecular analysis indicated that i) B. rochalimae was firstly identified in Xenopsylla gerbilli minax and X. conforms conforms, ii) B. grahamii was firstly identified in X. gerbilli minax, and iii) B. elizabethae was firstly detected in Coptopsylla lamellifer ardua, Paradoxopsyllus repandus, and Nosopsyllus laeviceps laeviceps. Additionally, 3 Wolbachia endosymbionts were firstly found in X. gerbilli minax, X. conforms conforms, P. repandus, and N. laeviceps laeviceps. BLASTn analysis indicated 3 Bartonella species showed genotypic variation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 3 Wolbachia endosymbionts were clustered into the non-Siphonaptera Wolbachia group. These findings extend our knowledge of the geographical distribution and carriers of B. rochalimae, B. grahamii, B. elizabethae, and Wolbachia spp. In the future, there is a need for China-Kazakhstan cooperation to strengthen the surveillance of flea-borne pathogens in wildlife.

Association of overweight and obesity with exercise and school surrounding environment among primary school students in Lanzhou / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze correlation between overweight and obesity among primary school students in Lanzhou with exercise and environmental factors around schools, and to provide a reference for reducing the overweigh and obesity rate of students.@*Methods@#Using cluster random sampling method, a total of 3 600 pupils from grade 4 to grade 6 in 8 primary schools in 4 districts of Lanzhou were investigated. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between overweight and obesity, exercise and environmental factors surrounding schools.@*Results@#The overweight rate was 13.8% (18.0% for boys and 9.5% for girls) and the obesity rate was 10.8%(11.7% for boys and 9.8% for girls), there was statistical significance in the differences of overweight rate between genders(χ2=55.10, P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in the differences of obesity rate between genders(χ2=3.39, P=0.07). The primary environmental factors causing overweight and obesity among boys included number of Internet cafes(OR=1.81), while for girls it was number of fast food restaurants(OR=2.39).@*Conclusion@#Too many Internet cafes and fast food restaurants surrounding school associates with higher risk of obesity among students. Public health interventions should be implemented targeting surrounding environment of schools, which might help reducing the occurrence of overweight and obesity in primary school students.

Investigation of the Effects of Antibiotic Application on the Intestinal Flora in Elderly Hypertension Patients with Infectious Diseases.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the effects of antibiotic application on the intestinal flora in elderly hypertension patients with infectious diseases. METHODS: A total of 2350 infected patients treated in Ordos Central Hospital (Inner Mongolia, China) from January 2010 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and 790 healthy hypertension patients were selected as the control group. The 2350 patients were assigned into group A and B based on the administration with narrow-spectrum antibiotic or broad-spectrum antibiotic. The feces specimens of patients at the 1st, 5th, 9th and 14th day after antibiotic treatment were collected to analyze the bacteriological data and the cases of intestinal flora imbalance after applying the narrow-spectrum and broad-spectrum antibiotic were compared and the differences in the bacterial colony compositions of intestinal floras from those of the healthy hypertension patients at the same period were analyzed. RESULTS: The ratio of intestinal flora imbalance was 50.4% after applying antibiotic in patients from group A and 78.3% in group B. grade I and II imbalance were predominant in group A and grade III imbalance was the most severe one in group B (P<0.05). Compared with the intestinal flora in healthy elderly hypertension patients, the ratio of the primary composition flora of patients with imbalanced intestinal flora was changed obviously. CONCLUSION: The application of narrow-spectrum antibiotic and shortening the application time of antibiotic can more effectively protect the normal intestinal flora of elderly hypertension patients.

[Medical image retrieval based on low level feature fusion and relevance feedback].

Based on chest images' features, this paper presents a retrieval method with domination color of partition, gray level co-occurrence matrix and gradient image shape invariant moments, as well as the fusion of them and the technique of relevance feedback. In Windows Vista environment with Visual C + +, a chest image retrieval prototype is implemented and the experiments have proved that this method has a better retrieval effect.

[Medical image retrieval based on wavelet transform texture analysis].

Content-based medical image retrieval has become a hot research topic due to the rapid increase of image database. In this paper, we present a method of medical images retrieval, based on texture analysis with Haar wavelet transform. Meanwhile, its effectiveness is compared with the method of retrieval based on co-occurrence matrix. A prototype system is implemented and the experiments show that the method has a much better effect.